Python生成随机验证码，需要使用PIL模块.
安装：
pip3 install pillow1
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pip3 install pillow
基本使用
1.创建图片
from PIL import Image #导入模块
img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="yellow")
f=open("validCode.png","wb")
img.save(f,"png")
with open("validCode.png","rb") as f:
data=f.read()
return HttpResponse(data)7
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from PIL import Image #导入模块
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img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="yellow")
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f=open("validCode.png","wb")
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img.save(f,"png")
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with open("validCode.png","rb") as f:
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data=f.read()
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return HttpResponse(data)
2. 创建画笔，用于在图片上画任意内容
img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))1
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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
3.画点
img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="yellow")
draw=ImageDraw.Draw(img,mode='RGB')
draw.point([100,100],fill=255,255,255)
#第一个参数：表示坐标
#第二个参数：表示颜色5
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img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="yellow")
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draw=ImageDraw.Draw(img,mode='RGB')
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draw.point([100,100],fill=255,255,255)
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#第一个参数：表示坐标
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#第二个参数：表示颜色
4.画线
draw.line((100,100,300,100), fill=(255, 255, 255))
#第一个表示起始坐标和结束坐标
#第二个参数：表示颜色3
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draw.line((100,100,300,100), fill=(255, 255, 255))
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#第一个表示起始坐标和结束坐标
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#第二个参数：表示颜色
5. 画圆
img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
draw.arc((100,100,300,300),0,90,fill="red")
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标和结束坐标（圆要画在其中间）
# 第二个参数：表示开始角度
# 第三个参数：表示结束角度
# 第四个参数：表示颜色8
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img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(120, 30), color=(255, 255, 255))
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draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')
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draw.arc((100,100,300,300),0,90,fill="red")
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# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标和结束坐标（圆要画在其中间）
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# 第二个参数：表示开始角度
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# 第三个参数：表示结束角度
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# 第四个参数：表示颜色
6. 写文本 text
draw.text([0,0],'python',"red")
# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标
# 第二个参数：表示写入内容
# 第三个参数：表示颜色4
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draw.text([0,0],'python',"red")
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# 第一个参数：表示起始坐标
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# 第二个参数：表示写入内容
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# 第三个参数：表示颜色
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验证码的几种使用方式
#方式一
#通过静态文件的目录来定位路径
import os
path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR,"static","img","ss.jpg") #BASE_DIR表示settings的上一级目录的上一级目录
with open(path,"rb") as f:
data=f.read()
#方式二
from PIL import Image #导入PIL模块
img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="yellow") #创建画笔
f=open("validCode.png","wb") #保存在本地
img.save(f,"png")
with open("validCode.png","rb") as f: #进行读取
data=f.read()
return HttpResponse(data) #然后返回给前端
'''
缺点：
会在服务端的根目录下产生一个文件，我们不应该让它产生文件
'''
#方式三
'''
把文件读到内存中去
'''
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="blue")
f=BytesIO()
img.save(f,"png")
data=f.getvalue()
return HttpResponse(data)
#方式四
'''
随机产生验证码
'''
# def text(self, xy, text, fill=None, font=None, anchor=None,*args, **kwargs):
from io import BytesIO #把内容保存到内存中
import random
from PIL import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont #导入图画，画笔，字体
img = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 40), color=(random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255)))
draw=ImageDraw.Draw(img,"RGB")
font=ImageFont.truetype("blog/static/font/kumo.ttf",25)
def fandomColor():
'''
生成随机颜色
:return:
'''
random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)
valid_list=[]
for i in range(5):
random_num=str(random.randint(0,9))
random_lower_zimu=chr(random.randint(65,90))
random_upper_zimu=chr(random.randint(97,122))
random_char=random.choice([random_num,random_lower_zimu,random_upper_zimu])
draw.text([5+i*24,10],random_char,(fandomColor()),font=font)
valid_list.append(random_char)
for i in range(100):
draw.point([random.randint(0, 5+i*24), random.randint(0,5+i*24 )], fill=fandomColor())
f=BytesIO()
img.save(f,"png")
data=f.getvalue()
valid_str="".join(valid_list)
print(valid_str)
request.session["keepValidCode"]=valid_str
return HttpResponse(data)
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#方式一
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#通过静态文件的目录来定位路径
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import os
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path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR,"static","img","ss.jpg") #BASE_DIR表示settings的上一级目录的上一级目录
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with open(path,"rb") as f:
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data=f.read()
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#方式二
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from PIL import Image #导入PIL模块
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img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="yellow") #创建画笔
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f=open("validCode.png","wb") #保存在本地
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img.save(f,"png")
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with open("validCode.png","rb") as f: #进行读取
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data=f.read()
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return HttpResponse(data) #然后返回给前端
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'''
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缺点：
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会在服务端的根目录下产生一个文件，我们不应该让它产生文件
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'''
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#方式三
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'''
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把文件读到内存中去
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'''
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from io import BytesIO
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from PIL import Image
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img=Image.new(mode="RGB",size=(120,40),color="blue")
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f=BytesIO()
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img.save(f,"png")
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data=f.getvalue()
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return HttpResponse(data)
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#方式四
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'''
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随机产生验证码
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'''
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# def text(self, xy, text, fill=None, font=None, anchor=None,*args, **kwargs):
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from io import BytesIO #把内容保存到内存中
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import random
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from PIL import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont #导入图画，画笔，字体
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img = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 40), color=(random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255)))
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draw=ImageDraw.Draw(img,"RGB")
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font=ImageFont.truetype("blog/static/font/kumo.ttf",25)
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def fandomColor():
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'''
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生成随机颜色
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:return:
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'''
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random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255)
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valid_list=[]
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for i in range(5):
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random_num=str(random.randint(0,9))
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random_lower_zimu=chr(random.randint(65,90))
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random_upper_zimu=chr(random.randint(97,122))
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random_char=random.choice([random_num,random_lower_zimu,random_upper_zimu])
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draw.text([5+i*24,10],random_char,(fandomColor()),font=font)
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valid_list.append(random_char)
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for i in range(100):
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draw.point([random.randint(0, 5+i*24), random.randint(0,5+i*24 )], fill=fandomColor())
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f=BytesIO()
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img.save(f,"png")
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data=f.getvalue()
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valid_str="".join(valid_list)
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print(valid_str)
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request.session["keepValidCode"]=valid_str
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return HttpResponse(data)
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验证码的局部刷新
当有时验证码看不太清时，需要进行验证码的刷新，可以在img中src的路径中加上1个>相当于对服务器发起一次请求
示例代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="/static/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script>
<script src="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form class="form-horizontal">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="username" class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" placeholder="用户名">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Password</label>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="Password">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="validCode" class="col-sm-2 control-label">验证码</label>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validCode" placeholder="验证码">
<img src="/get_verification_img/" alt="" class="valid_code_img" >
<a class="refresh">刷新</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default signlogin">Sign in</button>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
</div>
</div>
</form>
<script>
$(".refresh").click(function () {
$(".valid_code_img")[0].src+="?";
});
$("img").click(function () {
$(this)[0].src+="?";
});
</script>x
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<title>Title</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
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<script src="/static/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script>
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<script src="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
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</head>
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<body>
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<form class="form-horizontal">
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{% csrf_token %}
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<div class="form-group">
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<label for="username" class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
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<div class="col-sm-4">
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<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" placeholder="用户名">
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="form-group">
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<label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Password</label>
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<div class="col-sm-4">
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<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="Password">
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="form-group">
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<label for="validCode" class="col-sm-2 control-label">验证码</label>
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<div class="col-sm-4">
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<input type="text" class="form-control" id="validCode" placeholder="验证码">
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<img src="/get_verification_img/" alt="" class="valid_code_img" >
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<a class="refresh">刷新</a>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="form-group">
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<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
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<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default signlogin">Sign in</button>
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</div>
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<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
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</div>
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</div>
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</form>
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<script>
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$(".refresh").click(function () {
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$(".valid_code_img")[0].src+="?";
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});
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$("img").click(function () {
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$(this)[0].src+="?";
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});
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</script>