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昨天写了有关事务日志的一些基本点(http://www.cnblogs.com/wingsless/p/5705314.html),今天结合我最近的学习成果继续总结事务日志的知识点。
三 日志结构
我们都知道InnoDB最小的存储单元叫做页(page)或者块(block),日志系统也是如此,它是一个512字节的块,被这个参数定义:OS_FILE_LOG_BLOCK_SIZE。
一个块肯定不会只有存储数据这么简单,肯定是有头部和尾部写一些信息进去的,而这在代码里很好找:
/* Offsets of a log block header */
#define LOG_BLOCK_HDR_NO 0 /* block number which must be > 0 and
is allowed to wrap around at 2G; the
highest bit is set to if this is the
first log block in a log flush write
segment */
#define LOG_BLOCK_FLUSH_BIT_MASK 0x80000000UL
/* mask used to get the highest bit in
the preceding field */
#define LOG_BLOCK_HDR_DATA_LEN 4 /* number of bytes of log written to
this block */
#define LOG_BLOCK_FIRST_REC_GROUP 6 /* offset of the first start of an
mtr log record group in this log block,
if none; if the value is the same
as LOG_BLOCK_HDR_DATA_LEN, it means
that the first rec group has not yet
been catenated to this log block, but
if it will, it will start at this
offset; an archive recovery can
start parsing the log records starting
from this offset in this log block,
if value not */
#define LOG_BLOCK_CHECKPOINT_NO 8 /* 4 lower bytes of the value of
log_sys->next_checkpoint_no when the
log block was last written to: if the
block has not yet been written full,
this value is only updated before a
log buffer flush */
#define LOG_BLOCK_HDR_SIZE 12 /* size of the log block header in
bytes */
/* Offsets of a log block trailer from the end of the block */
#define LOG_BLOCK_CHECKSUM 4 /* 4 byte checksum of the log block
contents; in InnoDB versions
< 3.23. this did not contain the
checksum but the same value as
.._HDR_NO */
#define LOG_BLOCK_TRL_SIZE 4 /* trailer size in bytes */
画张图:
头部长度是12字节,尾部长度是4字节,代码中标明了头尾的长度,其他的都是偏移量,因此每个部分的长度也就是下一个偏移量减去当前值。这么算下来,实际上能存储数据的部分只有496字节了,这部分网上很多资料里都叫做log data,我在这里也这么叫吧。
头部里我觉得有意思的一个地方是这个:LOG_BLOCK_FIRST_REC_GROUP,这是block里第一个日志的起始位置的偏移量。例如一个日志有500字节,那么写完了一个块之后,还有4个字节会被写在下一个块里,此时又有一个100字节的页写到了第二个block里(起个名字叫log2吧),于是第二个块里变成了这种情况:
第二个日志从16位置开始,到116位置结束,这个时候LOG_BLOCK_FIRST_REC_GROUP值会写什么呢?很显然是16,因为log2才是这个block里的第一个页。
知道了日志结构,其实只是了解redo log的第一步,因为redo log是InnoDB实现事务的重要手段,里面的水很深,我也会不断地把我的学习心得写在这里,并不断地补充写好的东西。
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