using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms; namespace AudioBaiduDemo
{ /// <summary>
/// DirectSound录音
/// http://blog.****.net/woaixiaozhe/article/details/7852824/
/// </summary>
public class SoundRecorder
{ #region 成员数据
private Capture mCapDev = null; // 音频捕捉设备
private CaptureBuffer mRecBuffer = null; // 缓冲区对象
private WaveFormat mWavFormat; // 录音的格式 private int mNextCaptureOffset = 0; // 该次录音缓冲区的起始点
private int mSampleCount = 0; // 录制的样本数目 private Notify mNotify = null; // 消息通知对象
public const int cNotifyNum = 16; // 通知的个数
private int mNotifySize = 0; // 每次通知大小
private int mBufferSize = 0; // 缓冲队列大小
private Thread mNotifyThread = null; // 处理缓冲区消息的线程
private AutoResetEvent mNotificationEvent = null; // 通知事件 private string mFileName = string.Empty; // 文件保存路径
private FileStream mWaveFile = null; // 文件流
private BinaryWriter mWriter = null; // 写文件
#endregion #region 对外操作函数
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数,设定录音设备,设定录音格式.
/// <summary>
public SoundRecorder()
{
// 初始化音频捕捉设备
InitCaptureDevice();
// 设定录音格式
mWavFormat = CreateWaveFormat();
} /// <summary>
/// 创建录音格式,此处使用16bit,16KHz,Mono的录音格式
/// <summary>
private WaveFormat CreateWaveFormat()
{
Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.WaveFormat format = new Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.WaveFormat();//.WaveFormat();
format.FormatTag = WaveFormatTag.Pcm; // PCM
format.SamplesPerSecond = 16000; // 采样率：16KHz
format.BitsPerSample = 16; // 采样位数：16Bit
format.Channels = 1; // 声道：Mono
format.BlockAlign = (short)(format.Channels * (format.BitsPerSample / 8)); // 单位采样点的字节数
format.AverageBytesPerSecond = format.BlockAlign * format.SamplesPerSecond;
return format;
// 按照以上采样规格，可知采样1秒钟的字节数为 16000*2=32000B 约为31K
} /// <summary>
/// 设定录音结束后保存的文件,包括路径
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filename">保存wav文件的路径名</param>
public void SetFileName(string filename)
{
mFileName = filename;
} /// <summary>
/// 开始录音
/// </summary>
public void RecStart()
{
// 创建录音文件
CreateSoundFile();
// 创建一个录音缓冲区，并开始录音
CreateCaptureBuffer();
// 建立通知消息,当缓冲区满的时候处理方法
InitNotifications();
mRecBuffer.Start(true);
} /// <summary>
/// 停止录音
/// </summary>
public void RecStop()
{
mRecBuffer.Stop(); // 调用缓冲区的停止方法，停止采集声音
if (null != mNotificationEvent)
mNotificationEvent.Set(); //关闭通知
mNotifyThread.Abort(); //结束线程
RecordCapturedData(); // 将缓冲区最后一部分数据写入到文件中 // 写WAV文件尾
mWriter.Seek(4, SeekOrigin.Begin);
mWriter.Write((int)(mSampleCount + 36)); // 写文件长度
mWriter.Seek(40, SeekOrigin.Begin);
mWriter.Write(mSampleCount); // 写数据长度 mWriter.Close();
mWaveFile.Close();
mWriter = null;
mWaveFile = null;
}
#endregion
#region 对内操作函数
/// <summary>
/// 初始化录音设备,此处使用主录音设备.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>调用成功返回true,否则返回false</returns>
private bool InitCaptureDevice()
{
// 获取默认音频捕捉设备
CaptureDevicesCollection devices = new CaptureDevicesCollection(); // 枚举音频捕捉设备
Guid deviceGuid = Guid.Empty; if (devices.Count > 0)
deviceGuid = devices[0].DriverGuid;
else
{
MessageBox.Show("系统中没有音频捕捉设备");
return false;
} // 用指定的捕捉设备创建Capture对象
try
{
mCapDev = new Capture(deviceGuid);
}
catch (DirectXException e)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
return false;
}
return true;
} /// <summary>
/// 创建录音使用的缓冲区
/// </summary>
private void CreateCaptureBuffer()
{
// 缓冲区的描述对象
Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.CaptureBufferDescription bufferdescription = new Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.CaptureBufferDescription();
if (null != mNotify)
{
mNotify.Dispose();
mNotify = null;
}
if (null != mRecBuffer)
{
mRecBuffer.Dispose();
mRecBuffer = null;
}
// 设定通知的大小,默认为1s钟
mNotifySize = (1024 > mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond / 8) ? 1024 : (mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond / 8);
mNotifySize -= mNotifySize % mWavFormat.BlockAlign;
// 设定缓冲区大小
mBufferSize = mNotifySize * cNotifyNum;
// 创建缓冲区描述
bufferdescription.BufferBytes = mBufferSize;
bufferdescription.Format = mWavFormat; // 录音格式
// 创建缓冲区
mRecBuffer = new CaptureBuffer(bufferdescription, mCapDev);
mNextCaptureOffset = 0;
} /// <summary>
/// 初始化通知事件,将原缓冲区分成16个缓冲队列,在每个缓冲队列的结束点设定通知点.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>是否成功</returns>
private bool InitNotifications()
{
if (null == mRecBuffer)
{
MessageBox.Show("未创建录音缓冲区");
return false;
}
// 创建一个通知事件,当缓冲队列满了就激发该事件.
mNotificationEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);
// 创建一个线程管理缓冲区事件
if (null == mNotifyThread)
{
mNotifyThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WaitThread));
mNotifyThread.Start();
}
// 设定通知的位置
BufferPositionNotify[] PositionNotify = new BufferPositionNotify[cNotifyNum + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < cNotifyNum; i++)
{
PositionNotify[i].Offset = (mNotifySize * i) + mNotifySize - 1;
PositionNotify[i].EventNotifyHandle = mNotificationEvent.SafeWaitHandle.DangerousGetHandle();
}
mNotify = new Notify(mRecBuffer);
mNotify.SetNotificationPositions(PositionNotify, cNotifyNum);
return true;
} /// <summary>
/// 接收缓冲区满消息的处理线程
/// </summary>
private void WaitThread()
{
while (true)
{
// 等待缓冲区的通知消息
mNotificationEvent.WaitOne(Timeout.Infinite, true);
// 录制数据
RecordCapturedData();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 将录制的数据写入wav文件
/// </summary>
private void RecordCapturedData()
{
byte[] CaptureData = null;
int ReadPos = 0, CapturePos = 0, LockSize = 0;
mRecBuffer.GetCurrentPosition(out CapturePos, out ReadPos);
LockSize = ReadPos - mNextCaptureOffset;
if (LockSize < 0) // 因为是循环的使用缓冲区，所以有一种情况下为负：当文以载读指针回到第一个通知点，而Ibuffeoffset还在最后一个通知处
LockSize += mBufferSize;
LockSize -= (LockSize % mNotifySize); // 对齐缓冲区边界,实际上由于开始设定完整,这个操作是多余的.
if (0 == LockSize)
return; // 读取缓冲区内的数据
CaptureData = (byte[])mRecBuffer.Read(mNextCaptureOffset, typeof(byte), LockFlag.None, LockSize);
// 写入Wav文件
mWriter.Write(CaptureData, 0, CaptureData.Length);
// 更新已经录制的数据长度.
mSampleCount += CaptureData.Length;
// 移动录制数据的起始点,通知消息只负责指示产生消息的位置,并不记录上次录制的位置
mNextCaptureOffset += CaptureData.Length;
mNextCaptureOffset %= mBufferSize; // Circular buffer
} /// <summary>
/// 创建保存的波形文件,并写入必要的文件头.
/// </summary>
private void CreateSoundFile()
{
// Open up the wave file for writing.
mWaveFile = new FileStream(mFileName, FileMode.Create);
mWriter = new BinaryWriter(mWaveFile);
/**************************************************************************
Here is where the file will be created. A
wave file is a RIFF file, which has chunks
of data that describe what the file contains.
A wave RIFF file is put together like this:
The 12 byte RIFF chunk is constructed like this:
Bytes 0 - 3 : 'R' 'I' 'F' 'F'
Bytes 4 - 7 : Length of file, minus the first 8 bytes of the RIFF description.
(4 bytes for "WAVE" + 24 bytes for format chunk length +
8 bytes for data chunk description + actual sample data size.)
Bytes 8 - 11: 'W' 'A' 'V' 'E'
The 24 byte FORMAT chunk is constructed like this:
Bytes 0 - 3 : 'f' 'm' 't' ' '
Bytes 4 - 7 : The format chunk length. This is always 16.
Bytes 8 - 9 : File padding. Always 1.
Bytes 10- 11: Number of channels. Either 1 for mono, or 2 for stereo.
Bytes 12- 15: Sample rate.
Bytes 16- 19: Number of bytes per second.
Bytes 20- 21: Bytes per sample. 1 for 8 bit mono, 2 for 8 bit stereo or
16 bit mono, 4 for 16 bit stereo.
Bytes 22- 23: Number of bits per sample.
The DATA chunk is constructed like this:
Bytes 0 - 3 : 'd' 'a' 't' 'a'
Bytes 4 - 7 : Length of data, in bytes.
Bytes 8 -: Actual sample data.
***************************************************************************/
// Set up file with RIFF chunk info.
char[] ChunkRiff = { 'R', 'I', 'F', 'F' };
char[] ChunkType = { 'W', 'A', 'V', 'E' };
char[] ChunkFmt = { 'f', 'm', 't', ' ' };
char[] ChunkData = { 'd', 'a', 't', 'a' }; short shPad = 1; // File padding
int nFormatChunkLength = 0x10; // Format chunk length.
int nLength = 0; // File length, minus first 8 bytes of RIFF description. This will be filled in later.
short shBytesPerSample = 0; // Bytes per sample. // 一个样本点的字节数目
if (8 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 1 == mWavFormat.Channels)
shBytesPerSample = 1;
else if ((8 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 2 == mWavFormat.Channels) || (16 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 1 == mWavFormat.Channels))
shBytesPerSample = 2;
else if (16 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 2 == mWavFormat.Channels)
shBytesPerSample = 4; // RIFF 块
mWriter.Write(ChunkRiff);
mWriter.Write(nLength);
mWriter.Write(ChunkType); // WAVE块
mWriter.Write(ChunkFmt);
mWriter.Write(nFormatChunkLength);
mWriter.Write(shPad);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.Channels);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.SamplesPerSecond);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond);
mWriter.Write(shBytesPerSample);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.BitsPerSample); // 数据块
mWriter.Write(ChunkData);
mWriter.Write((int)0); // The sample length will be written in later.
}
#endregion }
}
测试：
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public partial class Form4 : Form
{ private SoundRecorder recorder = null; // 录音
string wavfile = "";
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public Form4()
{
InitializeComponent();
recorder = new SoundRecorder();
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Form4_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ }
/// <summary>
/// 录音设置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ string wavfile = null;
wavfile = "test.wav";
recorder.SetFileName(wavfile);
recorder.RecStart(); }
/// <summary>
/// 停止
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ recorder.RecStop();
recorder = null; }