如何正确迭代一个大的json文件

Dear * community,

亲爱的*社区，

I have a 34 GB json file that has many data inside. I tried to import into my mongodb by using mongoimport --file file.json - but it failed ofcourse the file is too big and threw a memory system throw error you know it. Is it possible to use php code to iterate through the file with a cursor? I have zero experience on this, someone told me that would be possible. I want to know how the file is build, but I do not know how to view an example array of it. From the source I could get an example array:

我有一个34 GB的json文件，里面有很多数据。我试图通过使用mongoimport --file file.json导入到我的mongodb中 - 但它失败了，因为文件太大而扔了一个你知道的内存系统抛出错误。是否可以使用PHP代码使用游标迭代文件？我对此没有经验，有人告诉我这是可能的。我想知道文件是如何构建的，但我不知道如何查看它的示例数组。从源代码我可以得到一个示例数组：

{
     "_id": ObjectId("53b29644aafd413977b23b7e"),
     "summonerId": NumberLong(24570940),
     "region": "euw",
     "updatedAt": NumberLong(1404212804),
     "season": NumberLong(4),
     "stats": {
         "110": {
             "totalSessionsPlayed": NumberLong(3),
             "totalSessionsLost": NumberLong(2),
             "totalSessionsWon": NumberLong(1),
             "totalChampionKills": NumberLong(34),
             "totalDamageDealt": NumberLong(415051),
             "totalDamageTaken": NumberLong(63237),
             "mostChampionKillsPerSession": NumberLong(12),
             "totalMinionKills": NumberLong(538),
             "totalDoubleKills": NumberLong(5),
             "totalTripleKills": NumberLong(1),
             "totalDeathsPerSession": NumberLong(18),
             "totalGoldEarned": NumberLong(40977),
             "totalTurretsKilled": NumberLong(6),
             "totalPhysicalDamageDealt": NumberLong(381668),
             "totalMagicDamageDealt": NumberLong(31340),
             "totalAssists": NumberLong(25),
             "maxChampionsKilled": NumberLong(12),
             "maxNumDeaths": NumberLong(10)
         }
     }
 }

The field stats contains more arrays, 110 is just an example. How can I iterate through this big sized file or how can I import it into my mongodb? For example; I want to echo summonerid,championid (which is 110 in this case),totalSessionsPlayed. It has to reloop as much as it needs until theres no championid left for this particular summonerid.

字段统计包含更多数组，110只是一个示例。如何迭代这个大文件或如何将其导入我的mongodb？例如;我想回应summonerid，championid（在这种情况下是110），totalSessionsPlayed。它必须尽可能多地重新循环，直到没有为这个特殊的召唤者留下任何冠军。

Again... A summonerID has a list of champions that it has been playing in his playing career. Champions are referring to (in this example) 110. Every single summonerid can contain multiple champions and I want to have all champions, how many times the champion has been played (totalsessionplayed) by summonerid.

再一次......召唤者ID有一个在他的职业生涯中一直在玩的冠军名单。冠军指的是（在这个例子中）110。每个召唤者都可以包含多个冠军，我希望拥有所有冠军，召唤冠军的次数（totalsessionplay）。

1 个解决方案

#1

You'll want to use a streaming parser. These only pull small portions of your file into memory at a time.

您将需要使用流式解析器。这些只能一次将文件的一小部分拉入内存。

They come in a couple different flavors: SAX-like push parsers, and pull parsers. XML reader models: SAX versus XML pull parser gives an overview of the difference.

它们有几种不同的风格：类似SAX的推送解析器和拉解析器。 XML阅读器模型：SAX与XML pull解析器概述了差异。

---

Push Parser

This is a quick example using salsify/json-streaming-parser.

这是使用salsify / json-streaming-parser的快速示例。

As it rolls through the file we'll keep track of the summonerId, championId, and state. It's all event-based - you don't get random access with a sequential parser so you have to keep track of things yourself. Every time a totalSessionsPlayed comes up it'll echo out the summonerId, championId, and totalSessionsPlayed.

当它浏览文件时，我们将跟踪summonerId，championId和state。它都是基于事件的 - 您不会通过顺序解析器获得随机访问权限，因此您必须自己跟踪事物。每当totalSessionsPlayed出现时，它都会回显summonerId，championId和totalSessionsPlayed。

---

data.json

This is a paired-down json file for demonstration purposes.

这是一个用于演示目的的配对json文件。

[
    {
        "_id": "53b29644aafd413977b23b7e",
        "summonerId": 24570940,
        "region": "euw",
        "stats": {
            "110": {
                "totalSessionsPlayed": 3,
                "totalSessionsLost": 2,
                "totalSessionsWon": 1
            },
            "112": {
                "totalSessionsPlayed": 45,
                "totalSessionsLost": 2,
                "totalSessionsWon": 1
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "_id": "asdfasdfasdf",
        "summonerId": 555555,
        "region": "euw",
        "stats": {
            "42": {
                "totalSessionsPlayed": 65,
                "totalSessionsLost": 2,
                "totalSessionsWon": 1
            },
            "88": {
                "totalSessionsPlayed": 99,
                "totalSessionsLost": 2,
                "totalSessionsWon": 1
            }
        }
    }
]

Example:

class ListMatchUps extends JsonStreamingParser\Listener\IdleListener
{

    private $key;
    private $summonerId;
    private $championId;
    private $inStats;

    public function start_document()
    {
        $this->key        = null;
        $this->summonerId = null;
        $this->championId = null;
        $this->inStats    = false;
    }

    public function start_object()
    {
        if ($this->key === 'stats') {
            $this->inStats = true;
        } else if ($this->inStats) {
            $this->championId = $this->key;
        }
    }

    public function end_object()
    {
        if ($this->championId !== null) {
            $this->championId = null;
        } else if ($this->inStats) {
            $this->inStats = false;
        } else {
            $this->summonerId = null;
        }
    }

    public function key($key)
    {
        $this->key = $key;
    }

    public function value($value)
    {
        switch ($this->key) {
            case 'summonerId':
                $this->summonerId = $value;
                break;
            case 'totalSessionsPlayed':
                echo "{$this->summonerId},{$this->championId},$value\n";
                break;
        }
    }
}

$stream = fopen('data.json', 'r');
$listener = new ListMatchUps();
try {
    $parser = new JsonStreamingParser_Parser($stream, $listener);
    $parser->parse();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    fclose($stream);
    throw $e;
}

Output:

24570940,110,3
24570940,112,45
555555,42,65
555555,88,99

---

Pull Parser

This is using a parser I recently wrote, pcrov/jsonreader (requires PHP 7.)

这是使用我最近编写的解析器，pcrov / jsonreader（需要PHP 7.）

Same data.json as above.

与上面相同的data.json。

Example:

use pcrov\JsonReader\JsonReader;

$reader = new JsonReader();
$reader->open("data.json");

while($reader->read("summonerId")) {
    $summonerId = $reader->value();
    $reader->next("stats");
    foreach($reader->value() as $championId => $stats) {
        echo "$summonerId, $championId, {$stats['totalSessionsPlayed']}\n";
    }
}
$reader->close();

Output:

24570940, 110, 3
24570940, 112, 45
555555, 42, 65
555555, 88, 99