如何在SQL Server 2008中重建视图

There is a view in my DB that someone defined with a * from one table. I just added a new column to that table and I want the view to reflect the new column. Besides re-executing the view creation script, is there another way to rebuild the view? I am looking for something similar to how sp_recompile will recompile a stored procedure (or more accurately flag it to be compiled next time it is called).

在我的数据库中有一个视图，有人用一个表定义了*。我刚刚在该表中添加了一个新列，我希望该视图能够反映新列。除了重新执行视图创建脚本之外，还有另一种重建视图的方法吗？我正在寻找类似于sp_recompile将如何重新编译存储过程（或更准确地标记它下次被调用时编译）的东西。

Update: On a long shot I tried calling sp_recompile on the view and while the call worked, it didn't rebuild the view.

更新：在远景中，我尝试在视图上调用sp_recompile，并且在调用工作时，它没有重建视图。

Update 2: I would like to be able to do this from a script. So the script that adds the columns to the table could also update the view. So like I said, something similar to sp_recompile.

更新2：我希望能够从脚本中执行此操作。因此，将列添加到表中的脚本也可以更新视图。就像我说的那样，类似于sp_recompile。

8 个解决方案

#1

I believe what you're looking for is

我相信你所寻找的是

sp_refreshview [ @viewname = ] 'viewname'

Updates the metadata for the specified non-schema-bound view. Persistent metadata for a view can become outdated because of changes to the underlying objects upon which the view depends.

更新指定的非架构绑定视图的元数据。由于视图所依赖的基础对象的更改，视图的持久元数据可能会过时。

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187821.aspx

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187821.aspx

#2

In order to rebuild all views of a SQL Server database, you could use the following script:

要重建SQL Server数据库的所有视图，可以使用以下脚本：

DECLARE @view_name AS NVARCHAR(500);

DECLARE views_cursor CURSOR FOR 
    SELECT TABLE_SCHEMA + '.' +TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES 
    WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'VIEW' 
    AND OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(TABLE_NAME), 'IsMsShipped') = 0 
    ORDER BY TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME 

OPEN views_cursor 

FETCH NEXT FROM views_cursor 
INTO @view_name 

WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1) 
BEGIN
    BEGIN TRY
        EXEC sp_refreshview @view_name;
        PRINT @view_name;
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH
        PRINT 'Error during refreshing view "' + @view_name + '".';
    END CATCH;

    FETCH NEXT FROM views_cursor 
    INTO @view_name 
END 

CLOSE views_cursor; 
DEALLOCATE views_cursor;

This is a slightly modified version from this blog posting. It uses the sp_refreshview stored procedure, too.

这是此博客文章的略微修改版本。它也使用sp_refreshview存储过程。

#3

As well as Cory's answer, you could define it properly using schemabinding and the full column list.

除了Cory的答案，您可以使用schemabinding和完整列列表正确定义它。

CREATE VIEW MyView
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
SELECT
    col1, col2, col3, ..., coln
FROM
    MyTable
GO

#4

Slightly modified script that refreshes all views, calls sp_recompile, sp_refresh and gets list from sys.views:

稍微修改过的脚本，刷新所有视图，调用sp_recompile，sp_refresh并从sys.views获取列表：

DECLARE @view_name AS NVARCHAR(500);
DECLARE views_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT DISTINCT name from sys.views
OPEN views_cursor 

FETCH NEXT FROM views_cursor 
INTO @view_name 

WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1) 
BEGIN
    BEGIN TRY
        EXEC sp_recompile @view_name;
        EXEC sp_refreshview @view_name;
        PRINT @view_name;
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH
        PRINT 'Error during refreshing view "' + @view_name + '".';
    END CATCH;

    FETCH NEXT FROM views_cursor 
    INTO @view_name 
END 

CLOSE views_cursor; 
DEALLOCATE views_cursor;

#5

sp_refreshview does not seem to be relyable! When I used the code from Uwe Keim/BogdanRB I got many errors even if the view has no invalid references! The following code did the trick for me (to determine which view is invalid after schema changes):

sp_refreshview似乎不可靠！当我使用Uwe Keim / BogdanRB的代码时，即使视图没有无效引用，我也会遇到很多错误！以下代码为我做了诀窍（确定架构更改后哪个视图无效）：

DECLARE @view_name AS NVARCHAR(500);
DECLARE @Query AS NVARCHAR(600);
SET @Query = '';
DECLARE views_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT DISTINCT ('[' + SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) + '].[' + name + ']') AS Name FROM sys.views
OPEN views_cursor 

FETCH NEXT FROM views_cursor 
INTO @view_name 

WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1) 
BEGIN
        EXEC sp_recompile @view_name;
        SELECT @Query = 'SELECT ''' + @view_name + ''' AS Name, COUNT(*) FROM ' + @view_name + ' AS Count; ';
        EXEC (@Query);
        -- PRINT @view_name;

    FETCH NEXT FROM views_cursor 
    INTO @view_name 
END 

CLOSE views_cursor; 
DEALLOCATE views_cursor;

#6

Here is my favorite script for this (I modified an old sp_exec checking script I had), it uses EXEC sp_refreshsqlmodule @name

这是我最喜欢的脚本（我修改了一个旧的sp_exec检查脚本），它使用EXEC sp_refreshsqlmodule @name

SET NOCOUNT ON;

-- Set ViewOnly to 1 to view missing EXECUTES. Set to 0 to correct missing EXECUTEs
DECLARE
      @ViewOnly INT; SET @ViewOnly = 0;

-- Role to set execute permission on.
DECLARE 
      @ROLE  sysname ; set @ROLE = QUOTENAME('spexec');

DECLARE 
      @ID      INT,
    @LAST_ID INT,
      @NAME NVARCHAR(2000),
      @SQL  NVARCHAR(2000);

DECLARE @Permission TABLE (
      id INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
      spName  NVARCHAR(2000),
      object_type NVARCHAR(2000),
      roleName  NVARCHAR(2000),
      permission  NVARCHAR(2000),
      state  NVARCHAR(2000)
)

--Initialise the loop variable
SET @LAST_ID = 0
--Get all the stored procs into a temp table. 
WHILE @LAST_ID IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    -- Get next lowest value
    SELECT @ID = MIN(object_id)
    FROM sys.objects 
    WHERE object_id > @LAST_ID  
      -- Looking for Stored Procs, Scalar, Table and Inline Functions
            AND type IN ('P','FN','IF','TF','AF','FS','FT','PC', 'V')

    SET @LAST_ID = @ID

    IF @ID IS NOT NULL
    BEGIN
            INSERT INTO @Permission
            SELECT o.name,
                  o.type_desc, 
                  r.name,  
                  p.permission_name,  
                  p.state_desc 
            FROM sys.objects AS o
            LEFT outer JOIN sys.database_permissions AS p
                  ON p.major_id = o.object_id
            LEFT OUTER join sys.database_principals r 
                  ON p.grantee_principal_id = r.principal_id
            WHERE o.object_id = @ID 
                  AND o.type IN ('P','FN','IF','TF','AF','FS','FT','PC', 'V')  
                  --Exclude special stored procs, which start with dt_...
                  AND NOT o.name LIKE 'dt_%'
                  AND NOT o.name LIKE 'sp_%'
                  AND NOT o.name LIKE 'fn_%'
      END   
END

--GRANT the Permissions, only if the viewonly is off.
IF ISNULL(@ViewOnly,0) = 0 
BEGIN
      --Initialise the loop variable
      SET @LAST_ID = 0
      WHILE @LAST_ID IS NOT NULL
      BEGIN
            -- Get next lowest value
            SELECT @ID = MIN(id)
            FROM @Permission 
            WHERE roleName IS NULL
                  AND id > @LAST_ID

            SET @LAST_ID = @ID

            IF @ID IS NOT NULL
            BEGIN
                  SELECT @NAME = spName
                  FROM @Permission 
                  WHERE id = @ID

                  PRINT 'EXEC sp_refreshsqlmodule ' + @NAME
                  -- Build the DCL to do the GRANT
                  SET @SQL = 'sp_refreshsqlmodule [' + @NAME + ']'

                  -- Run the SQL Statement you just generated
                  EXEC (@SQL)
            END
      END

      --Reselect the now changed permissions
      SELECT o.name,
            o.type_desc, 
            r.name,  
            p.permission_name,  
            p.state_desc 
      FROM sys.objects AS o
      LEFT outer JOIN sys.database_permissions AS p
            ON p.major_id = o.object_id
      LEFT OUTER join sys.database_principals r 
            ON p.grantee_principal_id = r.principal_id
      WHERE o.type IN ('P','FN','IF','TF','AF','FS','FT','PC', 'V') 
            AND NOT o.name LIKE 'dt_%'
            AND NOT o.name LIKE 'sp_%'
            AND NOT o.name LIKE 'fn_%'
      ORDER BY o.name
END
ELSE
BEGIN
      --ViewOnly: select the stored procs which need EXECUTE permission.
      SELECT *
      FROM @Permission 
      WHERE roleName IS NULL
END

#7

Right-click on the view and choose Refresh from the popup menu?

右键单击视图，然后从弹出菜单中选择“刷新”？

#8

You can use this sp:

你可以使用这个sp：

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.RefreshViews 
    @dbName nvarchar(100) = null 
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    DECLARE @p nvarchar(250) = '@sql nvarchar(max) out'
    DECLARE @q nvarchar(1000)
    DECLARE @sql nvarchar(max)

    if @dbName is null
        select @dbName = DB_NAME()

    SELECT @q = 'SELECT @sql = COALESCE(@sql + '' '', '''') + ''EXEC sp_refreshview ''''[' + @dbName + '].['' + TABLE_SCHEMA + ''].['' + TABLE_NAME + '']'''';'' 
                FROM [' + @dbName + '].INFORMATION_SCHEMA.Views  '

    EXEC sp_executesql @q , @p ,@sql out

    EXEC sp_executesql @sql     


END
GO