deeplearning.ai - 深层神经网络(Deep Neural Networks)

神经网络和深度学习
吴恩达 Andrew Ng

深层神经网络(Deep Neural Networks)

Deep L-layer Neural Networks

• 有一个隐藏层的神经网络，就是一个两层神经网络
• 算神经网络的层数时，只算隐藏层和输出层，输入层看作第0层
• 有一些函数浅层的网络学习不了

Forward propagation in a deep network

Getting your matrix dimensions right

• W[l]:(n[l],n[l−])b[l]:(n[l],1) $W^{[l]}:(n^{[l]},n^{[l-]})b^{[l]}:(n^{[l]},1)$
• A[l]:(n[l],m)Z[l]:(n[l],m) $A^{[l]}:(n^{[l]},m)Z^{[l]}:(n^{[l]},m)$
• 确保前后矩阵一致

Why deep representations?

• 登堂入室
• 边缘探测器针对小区域
• put together simpler things that has detected in order to detect more complex things
• Circuit theory (电路理论)
• There are some functions that you can compute with a L-layer deep neural network while shallower networks require exponentially more hidden units to compute.
• 对于有些函数深层网络更合适

Forward and backward functions

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• backward propagation
  

• summary
  

• lots of complexity of your learning algorithm comes from the data rather than your code

Parameters and Hyper parameters

• parameters(参数): W, b
• hyper parameters(超参数) (determines the parameters)
  
  • learning rate
  • the number of iterations of gradient descent
  • the number of hidden layers
  • choice of activation function
• 不断实验，找到合适的超参数 cycle of (Idea, Code, Experiment)
• just try a few values for the hyper parameters and double check

Deep learning and the human brain

• Today even neuroscientists have almost no idea what even a single neuron is doing.
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