** 原创文章,请勿转载 **
在给spring boot 1.5.6 + thymeleaf 3进行国际化时,踩了一个坑(其实不止一个)。 现象:
看到了吧, 就是取值的key, 后面被加了_en_US 或 _zh_CN, 以及前后的问号。
先看下代码,首先两个资源文件:
messages_en_US.properties
page.content=this is a test string.
message_zh_CN.properties, 在eclipse里打开的,内容是: 这是一个测试字符串
page.content=\u8FD9\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u6D4B\u5B57\u7B26\u4E32\u3002
i18n.html:
<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "http://www.thymeleaf.org/dtd/xhtml1-strict-thymeleaf-4.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>spring boot, thymeleaf 3 国际化</h1>
<hr>
<a href="/i18n?lang=en_US">English</a> | <a href="/i18n?lang=zh_CN">中文</a> <br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
from thymeleaf engine: <span th:text="#{page.content}"></span>
<br>
<br>
from controller model: <span th:text="${content}"></span>
</body>
</html>
其中, #{page.content} 来源于thymeleaf 3, ${content} 则由controller的Model返回,代码是hardcode, 返回的都是中文
controller:
@Controller
public class I18nController {
@Autowired
private MessageSource messageSource; @GetMapping("/i18n")
public String i18n(Model model) {
String message = messageSource.getMessage("page.content", null, Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE);
System.out.println("message=" + message);
model.addAttribute("content", message);
return "/i18n";
}
}
从现象看, ${content}这个是没有问题的, 也就是controller里messageSource.getMessage() 是正常的,再也就是说,资源文件是成功加载的,可见,问题出在thymeleaf 3.
再看下thymeleaf 3的配置:
@Configuration
public class ThymeleafConfig implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static final String UTF8 = "UTF-8";
private ApplicationContext applicationContext; @Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
} private SpringResourceTemplateResolver htmlTemplateResolver() {
SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();
templateResolver.setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
templateResolver.setPrefix("classpath:/templates/");
templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
templateResolver.setCacheable(false);
templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
return templateResolver;
} @Autowired
private MessageSource messageSource; // 如果显示 ??x_zh_CN??, 缺少spring-context-support
private SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
templateEngine.setEnableSpringELCompiler(false); return templateEngine;
} @Bean
public ViewResolver htmlViewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
ThymeleafViewResolver resolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
resolver.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);
resolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine(htmlTemplateResolver()));
resolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
return resolver;
} }
** 临时补一句,国际化要spring-context-support包的支持。
web的配置:
@Configuration
public class MvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
SessionLocaleResolver slr = new SessionLocaleResolver();
// 默认语言
slr.setDefaultLocale(Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE);
return slr;
} @Bean
public LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor() {
LocaleChangeInterceptor lci = new LocaleChangeInterceptor();
// 参数名
lci.setParamName("lang");
return lci;
} @Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(localeChangeInterceptor());
} // 这个MessageSource可有可无,spring boot默认是有一个的。
// 如果没有自定义messageSource, 要有一个messages.properties文件。
// 如果有这个定义, 就不需要messages.properites
// @Bean
// public ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource() {
// ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
// messageSource.setBasename("messages");
// return messageSource;
// }
}
查找原因, 在thymeleaf.org上看到这样一段:(在线文档3.1: Using th:text and externalizing text)
thymeleaf叫外部文本,无论是在外部的文件里,或者是在数据库,当然国际化使用的是外部文件。
从这段信息看, thymeleaf使用IMessageResolver接口来加载外部文本的,而且有一个标准的实现:
org.thymeleaf.messageresolver.StandardMessageResolver,所以加载.properties文件应该是和这些信息相关。
但 thymeleaf-spring4 里是怎么用的呢,看下代码吧:
org.thymeleaf.spring4.messageresolver.SpringMessageResolver:
private final StandardMessageResolver standardMessageResolver;
private MessageSource messageSource; public SpringMessageResolver() {
super();
this.standardMessageResolver = new StandardMessageResolver();
}
它就是使用 org.thymeleaf.messageresolver.StandardMessageResolver, 这样看来,我只要在模板引擎的设置里加上这个IMessageResolver的实现即可,新的代码是这样:
private SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
SpringMessageResolver messageResolver = new SpringMessageResolver(); //
messageResolver.setMessageSource(messageSource); // 加入这三行,即为解决方案
templateEngine.setMessageResolver(messageResolver); //
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
templateEngine.setEnableSpringELCompiler(false);
return templateEngine;
}
最终呈现: