33.scrapy采集网站表单数据

时间：2023-03-08 16:25:52
这几天一直都再用scrapy写网站数据采集的爬虫，这里我就选一个写过的爬虫来记录一下。

杭州造价网：http://183.129.219.195:8081/bs/hzzjb/web/list

这里出现的主要问题就是：

1.
这里我的代码会出现一些问题，内存溢出，由于程序一直在运行，内存一直在增加（未释放内存，有待改进），就会导致爬虫程序假死等待。

2.
yield scrapy.FormRequest(url='http://183.129.219.195:8081/bs/hzzjb/web/list', callback=self.parse, formdata=data, method="POST", dont_filter=True)

dont_filter 默认设置False 导致 去重过滤，未能获取下一页链接。

3.
还有一个问题就是最后一页的数据我没解决，我拿了5032页，这个翻页还是没完善好。

网站主要信息：

33.scrapy采集网站表单数据







hzzjb.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import scrapy

import json

import re

from hzzjb_web.items import HzzjbWebItem

class HzzjbSpider(scrapy.Spider):

    name = 'hzzjb'

    allowed_domains = ['183.129.219.195:8081/bs']

    start_urls = ['http://183.129.219.195:8081/bs/hzzjb/web/list']

    custom_settings = {

        "DOWNLOAD_DELAY": 1,

        "ITEM_PIPELINES": {

            'hzzjb_web.pipelines.MysqlPipeline': 320,

        },

        "DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES": {

            'hzzjb_web.middlewares.HzzjbWebDownloaderMiddleware': 500

        },

    }

    def parse(self, response):

        _response=response.text

        # print(_response)

        try :

            #获取信息表

            tag_list=response.xpath("//table[@class='table1']//tr/td").extract()

            # print(tag_list)

            # for i in tag_list:

            #     print(i)

            tag1=tag_list[:9]

            tag2=tag_list[9:18]

            tag3=tag_list[18:27]

            tag4=tag_list[27:36]

            tag5=tag_list[36:45]

            tag6=tag_list[45:54]

            tag7=tag_list[54:63]

            tag8=tag_list[63:72]

            tag9=tag_list[72:81]

            tag10=tag_list[81:90]

            tag11=tag_list[90:99]

            tag12=tag_list[99:108]

            tag13=tag_list[108:117]

            tag14=tag_list[117:126]

            tag15=tag_list[126:135]

            tag16=tag_list[135:144]

            tag17=tag_list[144:153]

            tag18=tag_list[153:162]

            tag19=tag_list[162:171]

            tag20=tag_list[171:180]

            list=[]

            list.append(tag1)

            list.append(tag2)

            list.append(tag3)

            list.append(tag4)

            list.append(tag5)

            list.append(tag6)

            list.append(tag7)

            list.append(tag8)

            list.append(tag9)

            list.append(tag10)

            list.append(tag11)

            list.append(tag12)

            list.append(tag13)

            list.append(tag14)

            list.append(tag15)

            list.append(tag16)

            list.append(tag17)

            list.append(tag18)

            list.append(tag19)

            list.append(tag20)

            # print(list)

        except:

            print('————————————————网站编码有异常！————————————————————')

        for index,tag in enumerate(list):

            # print('*'*100)

            # print(index+1,TAG(i))

            item = HzzjbWebItem()

            # 地区

            district = tag[0].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(district)

            item['district'] = district

            # 类别

            category = tag[1].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(category)

            item['category'] = category

            # 材料名称

            material_name = tag[2].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(material_name)

            item['material_name'] = material_name

            # 规格及型号

            version = tag[3].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(version)

            item['version'] = version

            # 单位

            unit = tag[4].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(unit)

            item['unit'] = unit

            # 含税信息价

            tax_information_price = tag[5].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(tax_information_price)

            item['tax_information_price'] = tax_information_price

            # 除税信息价

            except_tax_information_price = tag[6].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(except_tax_information_price)

            item['except_tax_information_price'] = except_tax_information_price

            # 年/月

            year_month = tag[7].replace('<td>','').replace('</td>','')

            # print(year_month)

            item['y_m'] = year_month

            # print('*'*100)

            yield item

        for i in range(2, 5032):

            # 翻页

            data={

                'mtype': '',

                '_query.nfStart':'',

                '_query.yfStart':'',

                '_query.nfEnd':'',

                '_query.yfEnd':'',

                '_query.dqstr':'',

                '_query.dq':'',

                '_query.lbtype':'',

                '_query.clmc':'',

                '_query.ggjxh':'',

                'pageNumber': '{}'.format(i),

                'pageSize':'',

                'orderColunm':'',

                'orderMode':'',

            }

            yield scrapy.FormRequest(url='http://183.129.219.195:8081/bs/hzzjb/web/list', callback=self.parse, formdata=data, method="POST", dont_filter=True)






items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items

#

# See documentation in:

# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy

class HzzjbWebItem(scrapy.Item):

    # define the fields for your item here like:

    # name = scrapy.Field()

    district=scrapy.Field()

    category=scrapy.Field()

    material_name=scrapy.Field()

    version=scrapy.Field()

    unit=scrapy.Field()

    tax_information_price=scrapy.Field()

    except_tax_information_price=scrapy.Field()

    y_m=scrapy.Field()






middlewares.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your spider middleware

#

# See documentation in:

# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

from scrapy import signals

class HzzjbWebSpiderMiddleware(object):

    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,

    # scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the

    # passed objects.

    @classmethod

    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):

        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.

        s = cls()

        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)

        return s

    def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):

        # Called for each response that goes through the spider

        # middleware and into the spider.

        # Should return None or raise an exception.

        return None

    def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):

        # Called with the results returned from the Spider, after

        # it has processed the response.

        # Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.

        for i in result:

            yield i

    def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):

        # Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method

        # (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.

        # Should return either None or an iterable of Response, dict

        # or Item objects.

        pass

    def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):

        # Called with the start requests of the spider, and works

        # similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except

        # that it doesn’t have a response associated.

        # Must return only requests (not items).

        for r in start_requests:

            yield r

    def spider_opened(self, spider):

        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)

class HzzjbWebDownloaderMiddleware(object):

    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,

    # scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the

    # passed objects.

    @classmethod

    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):

        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.

        s = cls()

        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)

        return s

    def process_request(self, request, spider):

        # Called for each request that goes through the downloader

        # middleware.

        # Must either:

        # - return None: continue processing this request

        # - or return a Response object

        # - or return a Request object

        # - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of

        #   installed downloader middleware will be called

        return None

    def process_response(self, request, response, spider):

        # Called with the response returned from the downloader.

        # Must either;

        # - return a Response object

        # - return a Request object

        # - or raise IgnoreRequest

        return response

    def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):

        # Called when a download handler or a process_request()

        # (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.

        # Must either:

        # - return None: continue processing this exception

        # - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain

        # - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain

        pass

    def spider_opened(self, spider):

        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)






piplines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here

#

# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting

# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

from scrapy.conf import settings

import pymysql

class HzzjbWebPipeline(object):

    def process_item(self, item, spider):

        return item

# 数据保存mysql

class MysqlPipeline(object):

    def open_spider(self, spider):

        self.host = settings.get('MYSQL_HOST')

        self.port = settings.get('MYSQL_PORT')

        self.user = settings.get('MYSQL_USER')

        self.password = settings.get('MYSQL_PASSWORD')

        self.db = settings.get(('MYSQL_DB'))

        self.table = settings.get('TABLE')

        self.client = pymysql.connect(host=self.host, user=self.user, password=self.password, port=self.port, db=self.db, charset='utf8')

    def process_item(self, item, spider):

        item_dict = dict(item)

        cursor = self.client.cursor()

        values = ','.join(['%s'] * len(item_dict))

        keys = ','.join(item_dict.keys())

        sql = 'INSERT INTO {table}({keys}) VALUES ({values})'.format(table=self.table, keys=keys, values=values)

        try:

            if cursor.execute(sql, tuple(item_dict.values())):  # 第一个值为sql语句第二个为 值 为一个元组

                print('数据入库成功!')

                self.client.commit()

        except Exception as e:

            print(e)

            print('数据已存在!')

            self.client.rollback()

        return item

    def close_spider(self, spider):

        self.client.close()






setting.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for hzzjb_web project

#

# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or

# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:

#

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'hzzjb_web'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['hzzjb_web.spiders']

NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'hzzjb_web.spiders'

# mysql配置参数

MYSQL_HOST = "172.16.10.197"

MYSQL_PORT = 3306

MYSQL_USER = "root"

MYSQL_PASSWORD = ""

MYSQL_DB = 'web_datas'

TABLE = "web_hzzjb"

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent

#USER_AGENT = 'hzzjb_web (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay

# See also autothrottle settings and docs

#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3

# The download delay setting will honor only one of:

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)

#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)

#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:

#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {

#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',

#   'Accept-Language': 'en',

#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {

#    'hzzjb_web.middlewares.HzzjbWebSpiderMiddleware': 543,

#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {

   'hzzjb_web.middlewares.HzzjbWebDownloaderMiddleware': 500,

}

# Enable or disable extensions

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html

#EXTENSIONS = {

#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,

#}

# Configure item pipelines

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

   'hzzjb_web.pipelines.HzzjbWebPipeline': 300,

}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html

#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True

# The initial download delay

#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5

# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies

#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60

# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to

# each remote server

#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0

# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:

#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings

#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True

#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0

#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'

#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []

#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'






执行文件  ：scrapy crawl hzzjb -s JOBDIR=myspider 设置持久化

就会生成如下文件：


33.scrapy采集网站表单数据



数据入库如图：


33.scrapy采集网站表单数据




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