2014-12-06 wcdj
摘要：本文记录Docker在OS X Yosemite的安装方法，也可参考Docker的这篇文章Installing Docker on Mac OS X。
0 介绍
Docker is a platform for developers and sysadmins to develop, ship, and run applications. Docker lets you quickly assemble applications from components and eliminates the friction that can come when shipping code. Docker lets you get your code tested and deployed into productionas fast as possible.
Docker consists of:
- The Docker Engine - our lightweight and powerful open source container virtualization technology combined with a work flow for building and containerizing your applications.
- Docker Hub - our SaaS service for sharing and managing your application stacks.
1 安装
下载最新的安装包：Boot2Docker-1.3.2.pkg，安装完成后如下图所示：
docker的默认安装目录：
docker的相关用法：
gerryyang@mba:docker$docker
Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]
A self-sufficient runtime for linux containers.
Options:
--api-enable-cors=false Enable CORS headers in the remote API
-D, --debug=false Enable debug mode
-d, --daemon=false Enable daemon mode
-G, --group="docker" Group to assign the unix socket specified by -H when running in daemon mode
use '' (the empty string) to disable setting of a group
-H, --host=[] The socket(s) to bind to in daemon mode or connect to in client mode, specified using one or more tcp://host:port, unix:///path/to/socket, fd://* or fd://socketfd.
--tls=false Use TLS; implied by tls-verify flags
--tlscacert="/Users/gerryyang/.docker/ca.pem" Trust only remotes providing a certificate signed by the CA given here
--tlscert="/Users/gerryyang/.docker/cert.pem" Path to TLS certificate file
--tlskey="/Users/gerryyang/.docker/key.pem" Path to TLS key file
--tlsverify=false Use TLS and verify the remote (daemon: verify client, client: verify daemon)
-v, --version=false Print version information and quit
Commands:
attach Attach to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders from a container's filesystem to the host path
create Create a new container
diff Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
exec Run a command in an existing container
export Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
images List images
import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball
info Display system-wide information
inspect Return low-level information on a container
kill Kill a running container
load Load an image from a tar archive
login Register or log in to a Docker registry server
logout Log out from a Docker registry server
logs Fetch the logs of a container
port Lookup the public-facing port that is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT
pause Pause all processes within a container
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from a Docker registry server
push Push an image or a repository to a Docker registry server
restart Restart a running container
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save an image to a tar archive
search Search for an image on the Docker Hub
start Start a stopped container
stop Stop a running container
tag Tag an image into a repository
top Lookup the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause a paused container
version Show the Docker version information
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code
Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
gerryyang@mba:~$boot2docker
Usage: boot2docker [<options>] {help|init|up|ssh|save|down|poweroff|reset|restart|config|status|info|ip|shellinit|delete|download|upgrade|version} [<args>]
gerryyang@mba:~$boot2docker init
Latest release for boot2docker/boot2docker is v1.3.2
Downloading boot2docker ISO image...
Success: downloaded https://github.com/boot2docker/boot2docker/releases/download/v1.3.2/boot2docker.iso
to /Users/gerryyang/.boot2docker/boot2docker.iso
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /Users/gerryyang/.ssh/id_boot2docker.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/gerryyang/.ssh/id_boot2docker.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
3f:1d:a1:10:0e:db:68:1a:d1:8d:07:bd:c1:30:9d:f1 gerryyang@mba.local
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| ..=Ooo |
| .oBOo |
| . +.+oE . |
| + .. . . |
| . S . . |
| . . . |
| o . |
| . |
| |
+-----------------+
gerryyang@mba:~$boot2docker start
Waiting for VM and Docker daemon to start...
.........................oooooooooooooooooooooooo
Started.
Writing /Users/gerryyang/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/ca.pem
Writing /Users/gerryyang/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/cert.pem
Writing /Users/gerryyang/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/key.pem
To connect the Docker client to the Docker daemon, please set:
export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://192.168.59.103:2376
export DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/Users/gerryyang/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm
export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=1
gerryyang@mba:~$docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world' locally
hello-world:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified
511136ea3c5a: Pull complete
7fa0dcdc88de: Pull complete
ef872312fe1b: Pull complete
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
Hello from Docker.
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(Assuming it was not already locally available.)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
For more examples and ideas, visit:
http://docs.docker.com/userguide/
gerryyang@mba:~$docker version
Client version: 1.3.2
Client API version: 1.15
Go version (client): go1.3.3
Git commit (client): 39fa2fa
OS/Arch (client): darwin/amd64
Server version: 1.3.2
Server API version: 1.15
Go version (server): go1.3.3
Git commit (server): 39fa2fa
gerryyang@mba:~$
gerryyang@mba:~$docker search tutorial
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
learn/tutorial 5
clusterhq/elasticsearch Elasticsearch 1.3.x image for ClusterHQ's ... 3 [OK]
clusterhq/kibana Kibana 3.1.x image for ClusterHQ's flocker... 2 [OK]
caterpillar/python-tutorial 2
clusterhq/logstash Logstash 1.4.x image for ClusterHQ's flock... 2 [OK]
namin/io.livecode.ch interactive programming tutorials, powered... 1 [OK]
florentbenoit/docker-angularjs-tutorials 1 [OK]
caterpillar/java-tutorial 1
hyzhou/tutorial 0
bhim3003/tutorial 0
icesai/java-tutorial 0
pololin/java-tutorial 0
ray0410/java-tutorial 0
mzdaniel/buildbot-tutorial 0
ipush/java-tutorial 0
odewahn/jem-tutorial 0
vitojeng/java-tutorial 0
ryanking/kings-tutorial 0
sp013719/java-tutorial 0
odewahn/jem-tutorial-pyxie 0
johnstontrav/apache-do-tutorial 0
reproducible/scipy-tutorial-2014 0
barnybug/coreos-tutorial-nginx 0
akamatsu/tutorial2 0
akamatsu/tutorial1 0
jbarbier/tutorial1 0
rdhyee/commoncrawltutorials 0 [OK]
yyao/scidbtutorialdocker 0 [OK]
wush978/twdsc2014tutorial 0 [OK]
sylvainlasnier/echo This is a docker tutorial. This image run... 0 [OK]
c3h3/dsc2014tutorial 0 [OK]
johnsand/java-tutorial01 0
skrassiev/golang-docker-test-webbench tutorial sandbox 0 [OK]
padraigobrien/hanna Cause I am following a tutorial on automat... 0 [OK]
adamvduke/railstutorial First docker image. Contains a sample rai... 0
cazcade/weave-multicast-tutorial 0 [OK]
sfilipov/rails-tutorial 0 [OK]
neilellis/weave-multicast-tutorial 0 [OK]
kedarvaidya/rails-tutorial-v3-dev 0 [OK]
intrig/tutorial 0
richardqa/tutorial 0
zqhxuyuan/tutorial 0
asarcar/tutorial 0
其实在Mac上使用brew来安装docker更加方便。
brew update
brew install docker
brew link docker
brew link boot2docker
当用brew安装某个应用后，但没有成功创建brew link（比如，link的目录已经存在相同的老版本文件导致link创建失败），此时可以将老版本删除，然后再次执行brew link xxx就可以创建link了，后面就可以使用brew安装的新版本了。
例如：
gerryyang@mba:~$brew link boot2docker Linking /usr/local/Cellar/boot2docker/1.4.1... 1 symlinks created gerryyang@mba:~$ls -lh /usr/local/bin/boot2docker lrwxr-xr-x 1 gerryyang admin 43 12 22 20:50 /usr/local/bin/boot2docker -> ../Cellar/boot2docker/1.4.1/bin/boot2docker* gerryyang@mba:~$brew link boot2docker Warning: Already linked: /usr/local/Cellar/boot2docker/1.4.1 To relink: brew unlink boot2docker && brew link boot2docker gerryyang@mba:homebrew$boot2docker version Boot2Docker-cli version: v1.4.1 Git commit: 43241cb
2 常见问题
(1) 新版本会解决。
gerryyang@mba:~$docker pull learn/tutorial Pulling repository learn/tutorial 8dbd9e392a96: Error pulling image (latest) from learn/tutorial, endpoint: https://registry-1.docker.io/v1/, Untar exit status 1 [debug] archive.go:103 [tar autodetect] n: [253 55 122 88 90 0 0 4 230 28dbd9e392a96: Error pulling image (latest) from learn/tutorial, Untar exit status 1 [debug] archive.go:103 [tar autodetect] n: [253 55 122 88 90 0 0 4 230 214] 2014/12/07 22:50:52 exec: "xz": executable file not found in $PATH
https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/9327
(2) docker Error: client and server don't have same version
t looks like you need to upgrade the VM after installing boot2docker:
http://*.com/questions/24586573/docker-error-client-and-server-dont-have-same-versionif you are upgrading from boot2docker 0.12 or later, you can update your existing virtual machine (after upgrading using the installer) using boot2docker stop && boot2docker download && boot2docker up - and you will not lose your existing data.
http://kungpaocode.com/2014/11/docker-client-and-server-dont-have-same-version/
(3) 保存对容器的修改
gerryyang@mba:docker$docker ps -l CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 35445695c475 learn/ping:latest "ping google.com" 14 minutes ago Exited (0) 13 minutes ago serene_jang gerryyang@mba:docker$docker commit 354 gerryyang/ping ffd0f8dae3ae658ed69ec65d1d15ee95cda9d483ea51491a785497a7843a0396 gerryyang@mba:docker$docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES gerryyang@mba:docker$docker ps -l CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 35445695c475 learn/ping:latest "ping google.com" 14 minutes ago Exited (0) 14 minutes ago serene_jang gerryyang@mba:docker$docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE gerryyang/ping latest ffd0f8dae3ae 18 seconds ago 139.5 MB ubuntu latest 9bd07e480c5b 2 weeks ago 192.7 MB hello-world latest ef872312fe1b 11 weeks ago 910 B learn/ping latest a1dbb48ce764 17 months ago 139.5 MB learn/tutorial latest 8dbd9e392a96 20 months ago 128 MB
(4) 提交image
gerryyang@mba:docker$docker push learn/ping
The push refers to a repository [learn/ping] (len: 1)
Sending image list
Please login prior to push:
Username: gerryyang
Password:
Email: diggwcdj@gmail.com
Account created. Please use the confirmation link we sent to your e-mail to activate it.
The push refers to a repository [learn/ping] (len: 1)
Sending image list
FATA[0045] Error: Status 403 trying to push repository learn/ping: Account is not Active
gerryyang@mba:docker$docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
gerryyang/ping latest ffd0f8dae3ae 18 seconds ago 139.5 MB
ubuntu latest 9bd07e480c5b 2 weeks ago 192.7 MB
hello-world latest ef872312fe1b 11 weeks ago 910 B
learn/ping latest a1dbb48ce764 17 months ago 139.5 MB
learn/tutorial latest 8dbd9e392a96 20 months ago 128 MB
gerryyang@mba:docker$docker push gerryyang/ping
The push refers to a repository [gerryyang/ping] (len: 1)
Sending image list
Pushing repository gerryyang/ping (1 tags)
8dbd9e392a96: Image already pushed, skipping
a1dbb48ce764: Image already pushed, skipping
ffd0f8dae3ae: Image successfully pushed
Pushing tag for rev [ffd0f8dae3ae] on {https://cdn-registry-1.docker.io/v1/repositories/gerryyang/ping/tags/latest}
gerryyang@mba:docker$
需要注册自己的账户，若在push时账户不存在会提示你对新的账户进行激活。
查看repositories的信息：
参考
[2] http://docs.docker.com/installation/#installation
[3] https://www.docker.com/tryit/#