和<%@include%>的区别

时间:2022-02-03 11:44:44

前天上了jsp的课,老师讲了一下<%@include%>和<jsp:include>的区别,由于演示的太快,我没有看太清,所以回来之后,自己又写了个例子,好好看看,还是发现了一些东西的。

<jsp:include> :动态包含

第一种情况(<jsp:include>包含的是html文件):

DynamicInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>动态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">

<jsp:include page="header.html"flush="true"/><!--动态包含-->

<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>


Header.html :

<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
动态包含的标题(HTML)
</h2>

运行之后,只生成一个servlet,和上面的代码对应如下:

     out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<html>\r\n");
out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<title>动态包含</title>\r\n");
out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\t\t");
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.html", out, true);
out.write("<!--动态包含-->\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
out.write("</html>");

第二种情况(<jsp:include>包含的是jsp文件):

DynamicInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>动态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">

<jsp:include page="header.jsp"flush="true"/><!--动态包含-->

<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

Header.jsp :

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<body>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
动态包含的标题(JSP)
</h2>
</body>
</html>

运行之后,生成了两个servlet:DynamicInclude_jsp.java和header_jsp.java,这也是为什么 Header.jsp中要写上<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>和完整的<html></html>和<body></body>,而Header.html不用写的原因。因为前者两个.jsp文件是两个相互独立的整体,它们之间的关系是通过request和reponse来发生的,而后者只是简单的嵌套。两个servlet对应的代码如下:


DynamicInclude_jsp.java:

     out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<html>\r\n");
out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<title>动态包含</title>\r\n");
out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\t\t");
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.jsp", out, true);
out.write("<!--动态包含-->\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
out.write("</html>");


header_jsp.java:    

     out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<html>\r\n");
out.write("\t<body>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<h2 style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t动态包含的标题(JSP)\r\n");
out.write("\t\t</h2>\r\n");
out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
out.write("</html>");


<%@include%>:静态包含

第一种情况:<%@include%>包含的是jsp文件。

StaticInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>静态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">

<%@include file="header.jsp"%><!--静态包含-->
<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

header.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
静态包含的标题(JSP)
</h2>

运行之后,只生成一个servlet,和上面的代码对应如下:

     out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<html>\r\n");
out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<title>静态包含</title>\r\n");
out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
out.write("\t<body style=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\t\t");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<h2style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
out.write("\t静态包含的标题(JSP)\r\n");
out.write("</h2>");

out.write("<!--静态包含-->\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
out.write("</html>");

第二种情况:<%@include%>包含的是html文件。

StaticInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>静态包含</title>
</head>
<bodystyle="background-color:lightblue">

<%@include file="header.html"%><!--静态包含-->
<tableborder="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

header.html:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>
<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center">
静态包含的标题(HTML)
</h2>


运行之后,也是只生成一个servlet,和上面的代码对应如下:

     out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<html>\r\n");
out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<title>静态包含</title>\r\n");
out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\t\t");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<h2style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
out.write("\t静态包含的标题(HTML)\r\n");
out.write("</h2>");

out.write("<!--静态包含-->\r\n");
out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性别</td><td>年龄</td><td>爱好</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
out.write("</html>");

由上可以总结出:

对于静态包含,<%@include%>,中包含的文件,只是简单的嵌入到主文件中,就是在jsp页面转化成Servlet时才嵌入到主文件中,因为运行的结果是只生成了一个Servlet。

而对于动态包含<jsp:incude>,如果被包含文件是动态的,那么就会生成两个Servlet,也就是被包含文件也要经过jsp引擎编译执行生成一个Servlet,两个Servlet通过request和reponse进行通信。如果被包含的文件是静态的,那么这种情况和<%@include>就很相似,只生成了一个Servlet,但是他们之间没有进行简单的嵌入,而依然是通过request和reponse进行的通信。