hibernate Annotation 以及注解版的数据关联 4.4

时间：2024-06-22 12:33:32

目的是不写xxx.hbm.xml映射文件,使用注解

主配置文件还是要有hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>

        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate</property>

        <property name="connection.username">root</property>

        <property name="connection.password">root</property>

        <!-- 方言 -->

        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

        <!-- c3p0数据源 -->

        <property name="c3p0.max_size">10</property>

        <property name="c3p0.min_size">2</property>

        <property name="c3p0.timeout">5000</property>

        <property name="c3p0.max_statements">100</property>

        <property name="c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property>

        <property name="c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>

        <property name="c3p0.validate">false</property>

        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <!-- 开启二级缓存 使用EhCache实现-->

        <property name="cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</property>

        <!-- 不同的是这里,不写映射文件,而是完全限定名 -->

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.User"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Address"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Teacher"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Student"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Employee"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Dept"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Person"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Card"/>

        <mapping class="com.kaishengit.pojo.Account"/>

        <!--

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/User.hbm.xml"/>

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/Address.hbm.xml"/>

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/Person.hbm.xml"/>

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/Card.hbm.xml"/>

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/Employee.hbm.xml"/>

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/Dept.hbm.xml"/>

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/Student.hbm.xml"/>

        <mapping resource="com/kaishengit/pojo/Teacher.hbm.xml"/>

         -->

    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

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一对多,多对一 记得添加到主配置文件中去

取而代之的是在类上注解

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.GenerationType;

import javax.persistence.Id;

import javax.persistence.OneToMany;

import javax.persistence.OrderBy;

import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;

import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;

@Entity// 表示这是一个pojo类

@Table(name="user")// 与数据库中表对应,表名和类名相同的可以不写

@Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)/*加入缓存  */

public class User {

    @Id/*放在这个属性上,表示这个属性在数据库中是主键,如果属性的名字和数据库中的

        主键不一样,要加注解@column(name="id")*/

    //@column(name="id")

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)/* 主键生成策略*/

    private Integer id;

    /*普通属性不用管,自动映射,但是如果列名和属性名不一样要加column */

    //@Column(name="username")

    private String username;

    private String password;

    /* 多的一方维护关系,user不用管,mappedBy="user"(user是自己在对方类中属性的名字)相当于inverse,放弃关系维护 */

    @OneToMany(mappedBy="user")

    @Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)// 加入缓存

    @OrderBy("id desc")//排序

    private Set<Address> addressSet;

}
@Entity

@Table

@Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)/* 加入缓存 */

public class Address {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private Integer id;

    private String address;

    @ManyToOne//多对一

    @JoinColumn(name="userid")//指定外键

    private User user;

}

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多对多 ,记得添加到主配置文件中去

@Entity

@Table

@Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)

public class Student {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToMany                            /*自己在关系表中的外键*/        /* 对方在关系表中的外键*/

    @JoinTable(name="student_teacher",joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="sid")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="tid")})

    private Set<Teacher> teachers;

}
@Entity

@Table

@Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)

public class Teacher {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="teachers")//放弃维护

    @OrderBy("id desc")

    @Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)

    private Set<Student> students;

}

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一对一

第一种一对一

person和card,card的id即作为主键,又作为外键

@Entity

@Table

public class Person {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    @OneToOne

    @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn/*告诉card,主键是靠着我(person) 产生的 */

    private Card card;
@Entity

@Table

public class Card {

/* JPA中的主键生成策略只有四种,不支持外键生成器 所以写一个生成器GenericGenerator,名字叫FK

    生成策略叫foreign,

        这个person是属性,指明用card这个类的person属性对应的表的主键作外键*/

    @Id

    @GenericGenerator(name="FK",strategy="foreign",parameters={@Parameter(name="property",value="person")})

    @GeneratedValue(generator="FK")// 指定多用的生成器

    private Integer id;

    private String cardnum;

    @OneToOne(mappedBy="card")

    @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn

    private Person person;

第二种一对一,是一对多或者多对一的特殊情况

dept和Employee,dept中有eid,Employee中有deptid

@Entity

@Table

public class Employee {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToOne

    @JoinColumn(name="deptid")

    private Dept dept;

}
@Entity

@Table

public class Dept {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToOne

    @JoinColumn(name="eid")

    private Employee employee;

}

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id不想用自动增长型,想用UUID怎么设置主键生成策略?

@Entity

@Table

public class Account {

    private String id;

    private String name;

    @Id

    @GenericGenerator(name="myuuid",strategy="uuid")

    @GeneratedValue(generator="myuuid")

    public String getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(String id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    // 排除不进行持久化操作的属性

    @Transient

    public String getNickName() {

        return "Hello,Jack";

    }

}

程序执行.不用生成UUID,只需要保存

session.beginTransaction();

        Account account = new Account();

        account.setName("hello");

        session.save(account);

        session.getTransaction().commit();

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