符号 | 说明 | 示例 | 备注 |
. | 匹配除\n的任意单个字符 |
Regex.IsMatch("acb", "a.b");匹配成功 Regex.IsMatch("accb", "a.b");匹配失败 |
当.出现在中括号[]中的时候,本身就表示一个普通的.,已经不再是“元字符”了。 |
[] | 匹配括号内任意单个字符 | Regex.IsMatch(“a0b”,”a[0-9]b”)匹配成功 Regex.IsMatch(“a01b”,”a[0-9]b”)匹配失败(必须是单个字符) |
|
| | 或 | Regex.IsMatch("z", "z|food");匹配成功 Regex.IsMatch("d", "z|food");匹配失败 |
优先级低,最后才计算 |
() | 改变优先级,提取分组 | Regex.IsMatch("axb", "a(x|y)b");匹配成功 Regex.IsMatch("axxb", "a(x|y)b");匹配失败 |
|
{n} | 表示前面的表达式必须出现n次 | Regex.IsMatch("aaaa", "a{3}");匹配成功 | |
{n,} | 表示前面的表达式至少出现n次 | Regex.IsMatch("aaaa", "a{3,}");匹配成功 | |
{n,m} | 表示前面的表达式只是至少n次,最多出现m次 | Regex.IsMatch("aaaa", "a{5,6}");匹配失败 Regex.IsMatch("aaaaaaa", "a{5,6}");匹配失败 |
|
$ |
字符串的结尾 |
Regex.IsMatch("za", "^za");匹配成功 Regex.IsMatch("za", "^za");匹配失败 |
|
^ | 字符串的开头 | Regex.IsMatch("za", "^za");匹配成功 Regex.IsMatch("za", "^za");匹配失败 |
在中括号中表示非[^] |
* | 表示前面表达式出现多次 | ||
+ | 表示前面的表达式出现1或多次 | ||
? | 表示前面表达式出现0或1次 | ?可以用来终止贪婪模式 | |
\d | 表示[0-9] | 比[0-9]多的是,也可以匹配全角下的数字 | |
\D | 与\d相反,除数字外任意字符 | ||
\s | 表示空白符 | ||
\S | 与\s相反,非空白符 | 匹配所有字符可以用[\s\S] | |
\w | 表示[a-zA-Z0-9] | 比[a-zA-Z0-9]多的是,也可以匹配全角下的字母数字 | |
\W | 与\w相反 | ||
\b | 表示单词边界,即不是单词的字符,如逗号空格,但特殊符号如¥$#就不是单词边界 |
备注:
1、|的优先级最低,需要特别注意
正则:z|food表示字符串中出现z或food都可以匹配成功
2、^z|food$由于|优先级最低,所以只要以z开头或以food结尾即匹配
3、^(z|food)$,括号提高了|的优先级,表示必须以z开头并结尾或,以food开头并结尾。也就是只有z和food可以匹配成功
函数:
Regax.IsMatch() |
regex.IsMatch表示只要整个字符串有任何一部分可以匹配该正则表达式,返回ture
由于net默认采用unicode匹配方式,所以\d也匹配全角数字,解决办法:Regex.IsMatch("", @"\w",RegexOptions.ECMAScript);用欧洲计算机的标准
案例:匹配是否为>=10并且小于等于20的数组
Regex.IsMatch(msg, @"^(1[0-9]|20)$");记得不能写成^[1-2][0-9]$,这样表示必须以1或2开头,中间不能有字符,并以0-9结尾,而29也会被匹配。
#region 2、判断是否是合法的日期格式“2008-08-08”。四位数字-两位数字-两位数字。
while (true)
{
Console.WriteLine("请输入日期:");
string date = Console.ReadLine();
bool b = Regex.IsMatch(date, @"^\d{4}-\d{1,2}-\d{1,2}$", RegexOptions.ECMAScript);
Console.WriteLine(b);
}
#endregion
Regax.Replace() |
在指定的输入字符串内,使用指定的替换字符串替换与某个正则表达式模式匹配的字符串。
msdn介绍:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.text.regularexpressions.regex.replace.aspx
案例:去除重复字符,只保留一个
string msg = "杨杨杨杨杨中中中中科科科科科";
//\1、\2、\3、...这种写法就表示“反向引用”,在字符串替换中引用分组是使用$1方式,在正则表达式内部引用分组信息是使用\1这种方式。
msg = Regex.Replace(msg, @"(.)\1+", "$1");
Console.WriteLine(msg);
Console.ReadKey();
Regex.match() |
在输入字符串中搜索正则表达式的匹配项,并将精确结果作为单个 Match 对象返回。
一般字符串提取时不需要加^$,因为是在字符处找出一部分和该正则表达式匹配的元素,然后提取,所以不是完全匹配。
msdn里的介绍:http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.text.regularexpressions.regex.match(v=vs.90).aspx
案例:
从“June 26 , 1951 ”中提取出月份June、26、1951来。@"([a-zA-Z]+)\s+\d{1,2},\s*\d{4}"进行匹配。月份和日之间是必须要有空格分割的,
所以使用空白符号“\s”匹配所有的空白字符,此处的空格是必须有的,所以使用“+”标识为匹配1至多个空格。之后的“,”与年份之间的空格是可有可无的,所以使用“*”表示为匹配0至多个
string msg = "June 26 , 1951 ";
Match match = Regex.Match(msg, @"^([a-zA-Z]+)\s*(\d{1,2})\s*,\s*(\d{4})\s*$");
Console.WriteLine(match.Groups[1].Value);
Console.WriteLine(match.Groups[2].Value);
Console.WriteLine(match.Groups[3].Value);
Console.ReadKey();
Regex.Matches(): |
在输入字符串中搜索正则表达式的所有匹配项并返回所有匹配。
msdn里的介绍:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.text.regularexpressions.regex.matches.aspx
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<img src="./大家留下email交友吧_email_天涯社区_files/blue_face.gif">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/13316515" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">ktery</a><span value="13316515" name="userid_13316515" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2007-08-24 18:48:00 访问:8798 回复:132</font>
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<td align="right" style="width:35px;"><font color="#999999">楼主</font></td>
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<div id="content0" class="content">
女 true188@gmail.com 20岁
<div class="fs-newline"></div>
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<div class="content">
<p style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(238, 238, 238);" id="my_tomy_p">
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<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-03-18 10:09:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">1#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2589394907554643968" class="content"> enc.succeed@gmail.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2592635225314511790" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-04-04 21:17:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">2#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2592635225314511790" class="content"> shangdonglsk@126.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2594804024842131180" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-04-16 13:49:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">3#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2594804024842131180" class="content"> xxxwuxiaoyyy@126.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2598213229032941240" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-05-04 22:48:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">4#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2598213229032941240" class="content"> kyle.qiao@gmail.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2601138382351804551" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-05-20 17:10:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">5#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2601138382351804551" class="content"> erniu.zw@163.com
<div class="fs-newline"></div> <div class="fs-newline"></div>叫我二牛就成了,男,26岁了
<div class="fs-newline"></div>喜欢结交天南地北的朋友
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2601150278141395442" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/16787047" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">smakye</a><span value="16787047" name="userid_16787047" style="float: none; display: inline; "><a href="http://807.tianya.cn/count?t=EsHTQDHjb9uCrdbqZrng&backurl=http://passport.tianya.cn/portect?action=smsintro&from=successtiezitubiao" title="手机认证用户" target="_blank"><img border="0" align="absmiddle" src="./大家留下email交友吧_email_天涯社区_files/1291094730345.gif" width="16" height="16"></a></span> 提交日期:2008-05-20 18:43:00 </font>
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<td align="right">6#</td>
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</tbody></table>
<div id="content2601150278141395442" class="content"> 怎么全是匿名?
<div class="fs-newline"></div>我都有点不敢写了~
<div class="fs-newline"></div>gsh@w.cn
<div class="fs-newline"></div>(windows live 的邮箱,和hotmail一样)
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2603786782140802015" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-06-03 23:45:00 </font>
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<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">7#</td>
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<div id="content2603786782140802015" class="content"> 此男生猛,生人勿近(:)开玩笑)uprich@sohu.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2605037186691209042" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-06-10 17:29:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">8#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2605037186691209042" class="content"> ericluj@sina.com 男 22岁
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2613158912077871924" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-07-24 12:02:00 </font>
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<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">9#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2613158912077871924" class="content"> 你好:
<div class="fs-newline"></div> 我是刚毕业的大学生,很想交朋友,only普通朋友
<div class="fs-newline"></div> www.cinderlla@163.com .
<div class="fs-newline"></div> wodengnimen
<div class="fs-newline"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2615414444092651400" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-08-05 15:47:00 </font>
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<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">10#</td>
</tr>
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<div id="content2615414444092651400" class="content"> coolcliff01@yahoo.com.tw
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2615566797579444033" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/17052816" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">yanyufei0918</a><span value="17052816" name="userid_17052816" style="float: none; display: inline; "><a href="http://807.tianya.cn/count?t=EsHTQDHjb9uCrdbqZrng&backurl=http://passport.tianya.cn/portect?action=smsintro&from=successtiezitubiao" title="手机认证用户" target="_blank"><img border="0" align="absmiddle" src="./大家留下email交友吧_email_天涯社区_files/1291094730345.gif" width="16" height="16"></a></span> 提交日期:2008-08-06 11:30:00 </font>
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<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">11#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2615566797579444033" class="content"> 本人一哥哥 yanyufei0918@163.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2617277774718364958" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-08-15 16:48:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">12#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2617277774718364958" class="content"> wbxxny@gmail.com
<div class="fs-newline"></div> <div class="fs-newline"></div>年龄:26
<div class="fs-newline"></div>性别:男
<div class="fs-newline"></div>地区:甘肃
<div class="fs-newline"></div>qq太无趣,希望可以通过e_mail交流。有意者发!
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2619165612932635701" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-08-25 21:00:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">13#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2619165612932635701" class="content"> 对楼上的话深表赞同
<div class="fs-newline"></div>aprmch@gmail.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2620019554840699175" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-08-30 11:27:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">14#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2620019554840699175" class="content"> YLX857857857@163.COM 男 交朋友
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2621003016312279969" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-09-04 18:40:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">15#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2621003016312279969" class="content"> x4long@163.com
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2621003196703169702" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/39043556" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">来吧路人甲</a><span value="39043556" name="userid_39043556" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-09-04 18:42:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td>
<td align="right">16#</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div id="content2621003196703169702" class="content"> x4long@163.com
<div class="fs-newline"></div> <div class="fs-newline"></div>男 <div class="fs-newline"></div> <div class="fs-newline"></div>想找一个聊天的好朋友
<div class="fs-newline"></div> <div class="fs-newline"></div>不是搞对象 <div class="fs-newline"></div> <div class="fs-newline"></div>本人平时一贯很低调
</div>
</div>
<div id="ReContent2622355336988423044" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#F5F9FA" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td width="206" valign="bottom" align="right"></td>
<td width="500" align="center"><font size="-1" color="green">
<font color="green" size="-1">作者:<a href="http://my.tianya.cn/13939472" class="tz_auto" target="_blank">tony_ly</a><span value="13939472" name="userid_13939472" style="float: none; display: inline;"></span> 提交日期:2008-09-12 01:36:00 </font>
</font></td>
<td width="206" align="right" style="padding-right:10px;">
</td
#region 从大家留下email交友吧_email_天涯社区.htm文件中提取Email
string html = File.ReadAllText("大家留下email交友吧_email_天涯社区.htm");
//提取组:1.在正则表达式中添加()来分组。2.通过Match对象的Groups集合来获取分组信息,注意Groups的索引0表示本次匹配到的字符串,从1开始才表示组的信息。
MatchCollection matches = Regex.Matches(html, @"([-a-zA-Z0-9_.]+)@([-a-zA-Z0-9]+(\.[a-zA-Z]+){1,2})");
//正则表达式中的每个()都具有两重含义:1.改变优先级2.提取组。
foreach (Match item in matches)
{
if (item.Success)
{
//item.Value等同于item.Groups[0].Value,所以提取组的信息应该从Groups[1]开始
Console.WriteLine(item.Value + "\t" + item.Groups[1].Value + "\t" + item.Groups[2].Value);
}
}
Console.WriteLine(matches.Count);
Console.ReadKey();
#endregion
贪婪模式: |
贪婪模式:当出现限定符+、*、?、{n,}类似这样的限定符时,正则表达式默认会尽可能多的进行匹配,这种方式叫做:”贪婪模式“。 在”限定符“后加?就表是”终止贪婪模式“。”终止贪婪模式“意味着尽可能少的匹配。
#region 贪婪模式造成的问题
Console.WriteLine("默认贪婪模式下的结果");
string msg = "1111。11。111。111111。";
Match match = Regex.Match(msg, ".+");
Console.WriteLine(match.Value);
Console.WriteLine("禁止贪婪模式下的结果");
string msg1 = "1111。11。111。111111。";
Match match1 = Regex.Match(msg1, ".+?");
Console.WriteLine(match1.Value);
Console.ReadKey();
#endregion
多行模式:
反向引用:\1 \2 \3这种写法就表示反向引用,在字符串替换中引用分组是使用$,在正则表达式内部引用分组信息则用\1这种方
环视: |
?=肯定正向环视,?!否定正向环视,?<=肯定逆向环视,?<!否定逆向环视。
(?<!\d)\d{5}(?!\d)表示数字前后都没有数字,中间有五位数字,记得加括号
案例:通过“环视”来实现,提取5位电话号码
string msg = "苏坤:18999141265蒋坤:13111111111杨中科:13488888888电信:10000移动:10086联通:10010工行:95588传智播客010-82935100传智播客:010-82935150";
MatchCollection matches = Regex.Matches(msg, @"(?<!\d)\d{5}(?!\d)", RegexOptions.ECMAScript);
foreach (Match item in matches)
{
Console.WriteLine(item.Value);
//Console.WriteLine(item.Groups[1].Value);
}
Console.ReadKey();