论坛里面有人询问如何使用powershell脚本查询文件修改的审计日志,豆子服务器没开这个功能,不过尝试写了个类似的脚本可以查询日志,并输出对应的xml内容。
基本方法是get-winevent, 可以指定对应的eventid,获取列表。如果想获取这个事件具体的内容,需要根据不同事件的xml内容进行变化。
比如
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$Events = Get -WinEvent -ComputerName syddc01 -FilterHashtable @{Logname= 'Security' ;Id=4771} -MaxEvents 1
$eventXML = [xml] $Event .ToXml()
$eventxml .event.event.data
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根据这个思路,我如果想获取最新的20个4771的事件日志,并输出结果
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$Events = Get -WinEvent -ComputerName syddc01 -FilterHashtable @{Logname= 'Security' ;Id=4771} -MaxEvents 20
# Parse out the event message data
ForEach ( $Event in $Events ) {
# Convert the event to XML
$eventXML = [xml] $Event .ToXml()
# Iterate through each one of the XML message properties
For ( $i =0; $i -lt $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data.Count; $i ++) {
# Append these as object properties
Add-Member -InputObject $Event -MemberType NoteProperty -Force -Name $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data[ $i ].name -Value $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data[ $i ]. '#text' }
}
$events | select Message, TargetUserName, ipaddress,timecreated | Out -GridView
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有的时候,事件的数目很多,我希望对这个时间进行一个限制。千万别用 where-object 的方式来过滤,不然等到地老天荒也未必出结果。
我们需要通过哈希表来过滤
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$endtime = get-date
$starttime = $endtime .addminutes(-1)
$eventcritea = @{logname= 'security' ;id=4740;starttime= $starttime ;endtime= $endtime }
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另外一种常见的方式是通过xmlfilter来过滤日志
首先,我们可以通过event viewer来自定义一个xpath
因为是不同的事件,他的eventdata结果是不一样的,因此我做了些变动。
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[xml] $xmlFilter = @"
<QueryList>
<Query Id= "0" Path= "Application" >
< Select Path= "Application" >*[System[(EventID=1002) and TimeCreated[timediff(@SystemTime) <= 604800000]]]</ Select >
</Query>
</QueryList>
“@
#Get-WinEvent -ComputerName $DC.DC -LogName Security -FilterXPath "*[System[(EventID=529 or EventID=644 or EventID=675 or EventID=676 or EventID=681 or EventID=4625) and TimeCreated[timediff(@SystemTime) <= 86400000]]]" #-MaxEvents 50
$Events = Get -WinEvent -ComputerName syddc01 -FilterXML $xmlFilter
ForEach ( $Event in $Events ) {
# Convert the event to XML
$eventXML = [xml] $Event .ToXml()
# Iterate through each one of the XML message properties
For ( $i =0; $i -lt $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data.Count; $i ++) {
# Append these as object properties
Add-Member -InputObject $Event -MemberType NoteProperty -Force -Name "App" -Value $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data[5]
}
}
$Events | select Message, App, providerName, timecreated | Out -GridView
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结果如下
最后再给一个例子,我希望获取lockout用户的信息以及他们是在哪里被锁住的,这个日志我们查看4771或者4740。4771的日志过多,查询太慢,所以这里我已4740为例。
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eventcritea = @{logname= 'security' ;id=4740}
$Events =get -winevent -ComputerName (Get -ADDomain ).pdcemulator -FilterHashtable $eventcritea
#$Events = Get-WinEvent -ComputerName syddc01 -Filterxml $xmlfilter
# Parse out the event message data
ForEach ( $Event in $Events ) {
# Convert the event to XML
$eventXML = [xml] $Event .ToXml()
# Iterate through each one of the XML message properties
For ( $i =0; $i -lt $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data.Count; $i ++) {
# Append these as object properties
Add-Member -InputObject $Event -MemberType NoteProperty -Force -Name $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data[ $i ].name -Value $eventXML .Event.EventData.Data[ $i ]. '#text' }
}
$events | select TargetUserName,timecreated, targetdomainname | Out -GridView -Title LockOutStatus
break;
Search -ADAccount -LockedOut | ForEach-Object {Unlock -ADAccount -Identity $_.distinguishedname }
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本文出自 “麻婆豆腐” 博客