Fault:
可能导致系统或功能失效的异常条件(Abnormal condition that can cause an element or an item to fail.),可译为“故障”。
Error:
计算、观察或测量值或条件,与真实、规定或理论上正确的值或条件之间的差异(Discrepancy between a computed, observed or measured value or condition and the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition.),可译为“错误”。Error是能够导致系统出现Failure的系统内部状态。
Failure:
当一个系统不能执行所要求的功能时,即为Failure,可译为“失效”。(Termination of the ability of an element or an item to perform a function as required.)
函数findLast:
1. Identify the fault.
i>0则跳过了下标为0的数组元素。for循环中的条件判断应为:(int i=x.length-1; i > =0; i--)。
2. If possible, identify a test case that does not execute the fault. (Reachability)
test: x=[]。
直接抛出空指针异常而不执行以后的代码,所以没有执行fault。
3. If possible, identify a test case that executes the fault, but does not result in an error state.
test: x=[1, 2, 3]; y = 2
Expected= 1
执行了含有fault的代码但没有产生错误。
4. If possible identify a test case that results in an error, but not a failure.
test: x=[3, 4, 5]; y = 1
Expected = -1
没有遍历到x[0],直接返回了-1,因此执行了error但是没有产生 failure。
函数lastZero:
1、 Identify the fault.
应该从后往前遍历,for循环中的条件判断应为:(int i=x.length-1; i > =0; i--);
2、 If possible, identify a test case that does not execute the fault. (Reachability)
test: x=[]。
3、 If possible, identify a test case that executes the fault, but does not result in an error state.
test: x=[1, 2, 0]
Expected = 2
4、 If possible identify a test case that results in an error, but not a failure.
test: x=[3, 2, 1];
Expected = -1
执行了error没有执行failure,但是代码逻辑错误。