要想实现一个能够发送带有文本、图片、附件的python程序，首先要熟悉两大模块：
email以及smtplib
然后对于MIME（邮件扩展）要有一定认知，因为有了扩展才能发送附件以及图片这些媒体或者非文本信息
最后一个比较细节的方法就是MIMEMultipart，要理解其用法以及对应参数所实现的功能区别
发送邮件三部曲：
创建协议对象
连接邮件服务器
登陆并发送邮件
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from email.header import Header
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import mimetypes
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import os
import smtplib
from email import Encoders as email_encoders
class Message(object):
def __init__(self, from_addr, to_addr, subject="", html="", text=None, cc_addr=[], attachment=[]):
self.from_addr = from_addr
self.subject = subject
if to_addr:
if isinstance(to_addr, list):
self.to_addr = to_addr
else:
self.to_addr = [d for d in to_addr.split(',')]
else:
self.to_addr = []
if cc_addr:
if isinstance(cc_addr, list):
self.cc_addr = cc_addr
else:
self.cc_addr = [d for d in cc_addr.split(',')]
else:
self.cc_addr = []
if html is not None:
self.body = html
self.body_type = "html"
else:
self.body = text
self.body_type = "plain"
self.parts = []
if isinstance(attachment, list):
for file in attachment:
self.add_attachment(file)
def add_attachment(self, file_path, mimetype=None):
"""
If *mimetype* is not specified an attempt to guess it is made. If nothing
is guessed then `application/octet-stream` is used.
"""
if not mimetype:
mimetype, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(file_path)
if mimetype is None:
mimetype = 'application/octet-stream'
type_maj, type_min = mimetype.split('/')
with open(file_path, 'rb') as fh:
part_data = fh.read()
part = MIMEBase(type_maj, type_min)
part.set_payload(part_data)
email_encoders.encode_base64(part)
part_filename = os.path.basename(file_path)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"'
% part_filename)
part.add_header('Content-ID', part_filename)
self.parts.append(part)
def __to_mime_message(self):
"""Returns the message as
:py:class:`email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart`."""
## To get the message work in iOS, you need use multipart/related, not the multipart/alternative
msg = MIMEMultipart('related')
msg['Subject'] = self.subject
msg['From'] = self.from_addr
msg['To'] = ','.join(self.to_addr)
if len(self.cc_addr) > 0:
msg['CC'] = ','.join(self.cc_addr)
body = MIMEText(self.body, self.body_type)
msg.attach(body)
# Add Attachment
for part in self.parts:
msg.attach(part)
return msg
def send(self, smtp_server='localhost'):
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(smtp_server)
smtp.sendmail(from_addr=self.from_addr, to_addrs=self.to_addr + self.cc_addr, msg=self.__to_mime_message().as_string())
smtp.close()
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对于实际发送程序，要注意个参数的类型，比如from_addr是字符串，to_addr和cc_addr以及attachment都是列表
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from mail_base import Message
import datetime
from_addr = 'xxx'
mail_to = 'xxx'
def send_go():
time_now = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
attach_files = ['testcsv.xlsm','test1.jpg','test2.jpg','test3.jpg']
mail_msg = """
<p>Hi Lockey:</p>
<p><img src="cid:test1.jpg"></p>####要特别注意这里，正文插入图片的特殊格式！！！
<hr/>
<p style="text-indent:16px">Here is the latest paper link from The Economist, you can click <a href="https://lockeycheng.github.io/iooi/index.html" rel="external nofollow" >Go</a> for a full view!</p>
<hr/>
<p>Best Regards</p>
<p>
Any question please mail to <a href='mailto:iooiooi23@163.com'>Lockey23</a>.
</p>
<p>Sent at {} PST</p>
""".format(time_now)
subject = '[Halo] - ' + 'A new paper published!'
msg = Message(from_addr=from_addr,
to_addr=[mail_to],
cc_addr=[mail_to],
subject=subject,
attachment=attach_files,
html=mail_msg
)
msg.send()
if __name__ == '__main__':
send_go()
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对于测试程序我们命名为sendGo.py，运行测试程序
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~$ python sendGo.py
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以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Lockey23/article/details/80570782