如何去掉重音并将字母转换成“普通”的ASCII字符?(复制)

This question already has an answer here:

这个问题已经有了答案:

PHP: Replace umlauts with closest 7-bit ASCII equivalent in an UTF-8 string 7 answers
PHP:在UTF-8字符串7中使用最接近的7位ASCII等效值替换umlauts

What is the most efficient way to remove accents from a string e.g. ÈâuÑ becomes Eaun?

从字符串中去掉重音最有效的方法是什么?

Is there a simple, built in way that I'm missing or a regular expression?

是否有一个简单的，构建的方式，我正在丢失或一个正则表达式?

5 个解决方案

#1

If you have iconv installed, try this (the example assumes your input string is in UTF-8):

如果安装了iconv，请尝试一下(本例假设输入字符串为UTF-8):

echo iconv('UTF-8', 'ASCII//TRANSLIT', $string);

(iconv is a library to convert between all kinds of encodings; it's efficient and included with many PHP distributions by default. Most of all, it's definitely easier and more error-proof than trying to roll your own solution (did you know that there's a "Latin letter N with a curl"? Me neither.))

(iconv是一个在各种编码之间进行转换的库;它是高效的，默认情况下包含了许多PHP发行版。最重要的是，它肯定比尝试自己的解决方案更容易、更容易出错(你知道有一个“带卷的拉丁字母N”吗?)我也不知道)。

#2

I found a solution, that worked in all my test-cases (copied from http://php.net/manual/en/transliterator.transliterate.php):

我找到了一个适用于所有测试用例的解决方案(从http://php.net/manual/en/transliterator.transliterate.php复制):

var_dump(transliterator_transliterate('Any-Latin; Latin-ASCII; [\u0080-\u7fff] remove',
    "A æ Übérmensch på høyeste nivå! И я люблю PHP! есть. ﬁ ¦"));
// string(50) "A ae Ubermensch pa hoyeste niva! I a lublu PHP! est. fi "

see: http://www.php.net/normalizer

参见:http://www.php.net/normalizer

EDIT: This solution is independent of the locale set using setlocale(). Another benefit over iconv() is, that even non-latin characters are not ignored.

编辑:这个解决方案独立于使用setlocale()的语言环境集。iconv()的另一个好处是，即使是非拉丁字符也不会被忽略。

EDIT2: I discovered, that there are some characters, that are not covered by the transliteration I posted originally. Any-Latin translates the cyrillic character ь to a character, that doesn't fit into a latin character-set: ʹ (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_%28symbol%29). I've added [\u0100-\u7fff] remove to remove all these non-latin characters. I also added a test to the text ;)

EDIT2:我发现，有一些字符没有被我最初发布的音译所覆盖。有拉丁文翻译斯拉夫字母字符ь性格,这并不符合一个拉丁字符集:ʹ(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_%28symbol%29)。我添加了[\u0100-\u7fff]删除所有这些非拉丁字符。我还在文本中添加了一个测试;)

I suggest, that they mean the latin alphabet and not one of the latin character-sets by Latin here. But anyways - in my opinion, they should transliterate it to something ASCII then in Latin-ASCII ...

我的意思是，他们指的是拉丁字母，而不是这里的拉丁字母。但是无论如何——在我看来，他们应该把它转换成某种ASCII码然后用拉丁语-ASCII…

EDIT3: Sorry for another change here. I had to take the characters down to u0080 instead of u0100, to get only ASCII characters as output. The test above is updated.

不好意思，这里又有变化。我必须把字符改为u0080，而不是u0100，只能得到ASCII字符作为输出。上面的测试被更新。

#3

Reposting this on request of @palantir ...

应@palantir的请求重新发布此消息…

I find iconv completely unreliable, and I dislike preg_replace solutions and big arrays ... so my favorite way (and the only reliable method I've found) is ...

我发现iconv完全不可靠，我讨厌preg_replace解决方案和大数组……所以我最喜欢的方法(也是我发现的唯一可靠的方法)是……

function toASCII( $str )
{
    return strtr(utf8_decode($str), 
        utf8_decode(
        'ŠŒŽšœžŸ¥µÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüýÿ'),
        'SOZsozYYuAAAAAAACEEEEIIIIDNOOOOOOUUUUYsaaaaaaaceeeeiiiionoooooouuuuyy');
}

#4

You can use iconv to transliterate the characters to plain US-ASCII and then use a regular expression to remove non-alphabetic characters:

您可以使用iconv将字符转换为普通的US-ASCII，然后使用正则表达式删除非字母字符:

preg_replace('/[^a-z]/i', '', iconv("UTF-8", "US-ASCII//TRANSLIT", $text))

Another way would be using the Normalizer to normalize to the Normalization Form KD (NFKD) and then remove the mark characters:

另一种方法是使用归一化器对KD (NFKD)进行归一化，然后删除标记字符:

preg_replace('/\p{Mn}/u', '', Normalizer::normalize($text, Normalizer::FORM_KD))

#5

Note: I'm reposting this from another similar question in the hope that it's helpful to others.

注意:我将这篇文章从另一个类似的问题中重新发布，希望它对其他人有所帮助。

I ended up writing a PHP library based on URLify.js from the Django project, since I found iconv() to be too incomplete. You can find it here:

最后我编写了一个基于URLify的PHP库。来自Django项目的js，因为我发现iconv()太不完整。你可以在这里找到它:

https://github.com/jbroadway/urlify

Handles Latin characters as well as Greek, Turkish, Russian, Ukrainian, Czech, Polish, and Latvian.

处理拉丁字符以及希腊、土耳其、俄罗斯、乌克兰、捷克、波兰和拉脱维亚。

#1