Spring事务Transaction配置的五种注入方式详解
前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究,在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过,但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清,还是比较好掌握的。
总结如下:
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图:
根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
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xsi:schemaLocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
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<bean id= "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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<property name= "configLocation" value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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<property name= "configurationClass" value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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<bean id= "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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<bean id= "userDaoTarget" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >
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<property name= "transactionManager" ref= "transactionManager" />
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<property name= "target" ref= "userDaoTarget" />
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<property name= "proxyInterfaces" value= "com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
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<property name= "transactionAttributes" >
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<prop key= "*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>
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第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
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xsi:schemaLocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
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<bean id= "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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<property name= "configLocation" value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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<property name= "configurationClass" value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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<bean id= "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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<bean id= "transactionBase"
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class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
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lazy-init= "true" abstract = "true" >
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<property name= "transactionManager" ref= "transactionManager" />
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<property name= "transactionAttributes" >
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<prop key= "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>
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<bean id= "userDaoTarget" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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<bean id= "userDao" parent= "transactionBase" >
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<property name= "target" ref= "userDaoTarget" />
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第三种方式:使用拦截器
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
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xsi:schemaLocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
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<bean id= "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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<property name= "configLocation" value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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<property name= "configurationClass" value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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<bean id= "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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<bean id= "transactionInterceptor"
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class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >
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<property name= "transactionManager" ref= "transactionManager" />
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<property name= "transactionAttributes" >
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<prop key= "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>
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<bean class = "org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >
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<property name= "beanNames" >
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<property name= "interceptorNames" >
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<value> transactionInterceptor </value>
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<bean id= "userDao" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
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xsi:schemaLocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
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<context:annotation-config />
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<context:component-scan base- package = "com.bluesky" />
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<bean id= "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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<property name= "configLocation" value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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<property name= "configurationClass" value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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<bean id= "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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<tx:advice id= "txAdvice" transaction-manager= "transactionManager" >
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<tx:method name= "*" propagation= "REQUIRED" />
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<aop:pointcut id= "interceptorPointCuts"
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expression= "execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
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<aop:advisor advice-ref= "txAdvice"
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pointcut-ref= "interceptorPointCuts" />
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第五种方式:全注解
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
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xsi:schemaLocation="http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http: //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
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<context:annotation-config />
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<context:component-scan base- package = "com.bluesky" />
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<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager= "transactionManager" />
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<bean id= "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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<property name= "configLocation" value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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<property name= "configurationClass" value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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<bean id= "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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<property name= "sessionFactory" ref= "sessionFactory" />
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此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
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package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
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import java.util.List;
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import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
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import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
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@Component ( " userDao " )
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public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
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public List <User> listUsers() {
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return this .getSession().createQuery( " from User " ).list();
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