import types
type(x) is types.IntType # 判断是否int 类型
type(x) is types.StringType #是否string类型
.........
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超级恶心的模式,不用记住types.StringType
import types
type(x) == types(1) # 判断是否int 类型
type(x) == type('a') #是否string类型
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使用内嵌函数:
isinstance ( object, classinfo )
Return true if the object argument is an instance of the classinfo
argument, or of a (direct or indirect) subclass thereof. Also return
true if classinfo is a type object and object is an object of that type.
If object is not a class instance or an object of the given type, the
function always returns false. If classinfo is neither a class object
nor a type object, it may be a tuple of class or type objects, or may
recursively contain other such tuples (other sequence types are not
accepted). If classinfo is not a class, type, or tuple of classes,
types, and such tuples, a TypeError exception is raised. Changed in
version 2.2: Support for a tuple of type information was added.
Python可以得到一个对象的类型 ,利用type函数:
>>>lst = [1, 2, 3]
>>>type(lst)
<type 'list'>
不仅如此,还可以利用isinstance函数,来判断一个对象是否是一个已知的类型。
isinstance说明如下:
isinstance(object, class-or-type-or-tuple) -> bool
Return whether an object is an instance of a class or of a subclass thereof.
With a type as second argument, return whether that is the object's type.
The form using a tuple, isinstance(x, (A, B, ...)), is a shortcut for
isinstance(x, A) or isinstance(x, B) or ... (etc.).
其第一个参数为对象,第二个为类型名或类型名的一个列表。其返回值为布尔型。若对象的类型与参数二的类型相同则返回True。若参数二为一个元组,则若对象类型与元组中类型名之一相同即返回True。
>>>isinstance(lst, list)
Trueisinstance(lst, (int, str, list))
True
>>>isinstance(lst, (int, str, list))
True
python数据类型判断type与isinstance的区别
在项目中,我们会在每个接口验证客户端传过来的参数类型,如果验证不通过,返回给客户端“参数错误”错误码。
这样做不但便于调试,而且增加健壮性。因为客户端是可以作弊的,不要轻易相信客户端传过来的参数。
验证类型用type函数,非常好用,比如
>>type('foo') == str
True
>>type(2.3) in (int,float)
True
既然有了type()来判断类型,为什么还有isinstance()呢?
一个明显的区别是在判断子类。
type()不会认为子类是一种父类类型。
isinstance()会认为子类是一种父类类型。
千言不如一码。
class Foo( object ):
pass
class Bar(Foo):
pass
print type (Foo()) = = Foo
print type (Bar()) = = Foo
print isinstance (Bar(),Foo)
class Foo( object ):
pass
class Bar(Foo):
pass
print type (Foo()) = = Foo
print type (Bar()) = = Foo
print isinstance (Bar(),Foo)
输出 True False True |
需要注意的是,旧式类跟新式类的type()结果是不一样的。旧式类都是<type 'instance'>。
class A:
pass
class B:
pass
class C( object ):
pass
print 'old style class' , type (A())
print 'old style class' , type (B())
print 'new style class' , type (C())
print type (A()) = = type (B())
class A:
pass
class B:
pass
class C( object ):
pass
print 'old style class' , type (A())
print 'old style class' , type (B())
print 'new style class' , type (C())
print type (A()) = = type (B())
输出 old style class < type 'instance' >
old style class < type 'instance' >
True |
不存在说isinstance比type更好。只有哪个更适合需求。