在__init__外定义的实例属性attribute_name

I split up my class constructor by letting it call multiple functions, like this:

我通过让它调用多个函数来拆分我的类构造函数，如下所示：

class Wizard:
    def __init__(self, argv):
        self.parse_arguments(argv)
        self.wave_wand() # declaration omitted

    def parse_arguments(self, argv):
        if self.has_correct_argument_count(argv):
            self.name = argv[0]
            self.magic_ability = argv[1]
        else:
            raise InvalidArgumentsException() # declaration omitted

# ... irrelevant functions omitted

While my interpreter happily runs my code, Pylint has a complaint:

当我的口译员愉快地运行我的代码时，Pylint抱怨：

Instance attribute attribute_name defined outside __init__

在__init__外定义的实例属性attribute_name

A cursory Google search is currently fruitless. Keeping all constructor logic in __init__ seems unorganized, and turning off the Pylint warning also seems hack-ish.

粗略的Google搜索目前毫无结果。保持__init__中的所有构造函数逻辑似乎没有组织，并且关闭Pylint警告似乎也是黑客攻击。

What is a/the Pythonic way to resolve this problem?

什么是/ Pythonic解决这个问题的方法？

2 个解决方案

#1

The idea behind this message is for the sake of readability. We expect to find all the attributes an instance may have by reading its __init__ method.

这条消息背后的想法是为了便于阅读。我们希望通过读取__init__方法找到实例可能具有的所有属性。

You may still want to split initialization into other methods though. In such case, you can simply assign attributes to None (with a bit of documentation) in the __init__ then call the sub-initialization methods.

您可能仍希望将初始化拆分为其他方法。在这种情况下，您可以简单地在__init__中将属性分配给None（带有一些文档），然后调用子初始化方法。

#2

Just return a tuple from parse_arguments() and unpack into attributes inside __init__ as needed.

只需从parse_arguments（）返回一个元组，并根据需要解压缩到__init__中的属性。

Also, I would recommend that you use Exceptions in lieu of using exit(1). You get tracebacks, your code is reusable, etc.

另外，我建议您使用Exceptions代替使用exit（1）。你得到追溯，你的代码是可重用的，等等。

class Wizard:
    def __init__(self, argv):
        self.name,self.magic_ability = self.parse_arguments(argv)

    def parse_arguments(self, argv):
        assert len(argv) == 2
        return argv[0],argv[1]

#1