解压多个压缩包
对于解压多个.gz文件的，用此命令：
for gz in *.gz; do gunzip $gz; done对于解压多个.tar.gz文件的，用下面命令：
for tar in *.tar.gz; do tar xvf $tar; done扩展：tar命令
tar [-] A --catenate --concatenate | c --create | d --diff --compare | --delete | r --append | t --list |
--test-label | u --update | x --extract --get [options] [pathname ...]
-A, --catenate, --concatenate
append tar files to an archive
-c, --create
create a new archive
-d, --diff, --compare
find differences between archive and file system
--delete
delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!)
-r, --append
append files to the end of an archive
-t, --list
list the contents of an archive
--test-label
test the archive volume label and exit
-u, --update
only append files newer than copy in archive
-x, --extract, --get
extract files from an archive
-a, --auto-compress
use archive suffix to determine the compression program
--add-file=FILE
add given FILE to the archive (useful if its name starts with a dash)
--anchored
patterns match file name start
--no-anchored
patterns match after any `/' (default for exclusion)
--atime-preserve
preserve access times on dumped files, either by restoring the times
--no-auto-compress
do not use archive suffix to determine the compression program
-b, --blocking-factor BLOCKS
BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record
-B, --read-full-records
reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipes)
--backup
backup before removal, choose version CONTROL
-C, --directory DIR
change to directory DIR
--check-device
check device numbers when creating incremental archives (default)
--no-check-device
do not check device numbers when creating incremental archives
--checkpoint
display progress messages every NUMBERth record (default 10)
--checkpoint-action=ACTION
execute ACTION on each checkpoint
--delay-directory-restore
delay setting modification times and permissions of extracted
--no-delay-directory-restore
cancel the effect of --delay-directory-restore option
--exclude=PATTERN
exclude files, given as a PATTERN
--exclude-backups
exclude backup and lock files
--exclude-caches
exclude contents of directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG,
--exclude-caches-all
exclude directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG
--exclude-caches-under
exclude everything under directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG
--exclude-tag=FILE
exclude contents of directories containing FILE, except
--exclude-tag-all=FILE
exclude directories containing FILE
--exclude-tag-under=FILE
exclude everything under directories containing FILE
--exclude-vcs
exclude version control system directories
-f, --file ARCHIVE
use archive file or device ARCHIVE
-F, --info-script, --new-volume-script NAME
run script at end of each tape (implies -M)
--force-local
archive file is local even if it has a colon
--full-time
print file time to its full resolution
-g, --listed-incremental FILE
handle new GNU-format incremental backup
-G, --incremental
handle old GNU-format incremental backup
--group=NAME
force NAME as group for added files
-h, --dereference
follow symlinks; archive and dump the files they point to
-H, --format FORMAT
create archive of the given formatFORMAT is one of the following:
--format=gnu
GNU tar 1.13.x format
--format=oldgnu
GNU format as per tar <= 1.12
--format=pax
POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax) format
--format=posix
same as pax
--format=ustar
POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar) format
--format=v7
old V7 tar format
--hard-dereference
follow hard links; archive and dump the files they refer to
-i, --ignore-zeros
ignore zeroed blocks in archive (means EOF)
-I, --use-compress-program PROG
filter through PROG (must accept -d)
--ignore-case
ignore case
--no-ignore-case
case sensitive matching (default)
--ignore-command-error
ignore exit codes of children
--no-ignore-command-error
treat non-zero exit codes of children as error
--ignore-failed-read
do not exit with nonzero on unreadable files
--index-file=FILE
send verbose output to FILE
-j, --bzip2
-J, --xz
-k, --keep-old-files
don't replace existing files when extracting
-K, --starting-file MEMBER-NAME
begin at member MEMBER-NAME in the archive
--keep-newer-files
don't replace existing files that are newer than their archive copies
-l, --check-links
print a message if not all links are dumped
-L, --tape-length NUMBER
change tape after writing NUMBER x 1024 bytes
--level=NUMBER
dump level for created listed-incremental archive
--lzip
--lzma
--lzop
-m, --touch
don't extract file modified time
-M, --multi-volume
create/list/extract multi-volume archive
--mode=CHANGES
force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for added files
--mtime=DATE-OR-FILE
set mtime for added files from DATE-OR-FILE
-n, --seek
archive is seekable
-N, --newer, --after-date DATE-OR-FILE
only store files newer than DATE-OR-FILE
--newer-mtime=DATE
compare date and time when data changed only
--null
-T reads null-terminated names, disable -C
--no-null
disable the effect of the previous --null option
--numeric-owner
always use numbers for user/group names
-O, --to-stdout
extract files to standard output
--occurrence
process only the NUMBERth occurrence of each file in the archive;
--old-archive, --portability
same as --format=v7
--one-file-system
stay in local file system when creating archive
--overwrite
overwrite existing files when extracting
--overwrite-dir
overwrite metadata of existing directories when extracting (default)
--no-overwrite-dir
preserve metadata of existing directories
--owner=NAME
force NAME as owner for added files
-p, --preserve-permissions, --same-permissions
extract information about file permissions (default for superuser)
-P, --absolute-names
don't strip leading `/'s from file names
--pax-option=keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value]]...
control pax keywords
--posix
same as --format=posix
--preserve
same as both -p and -s
--quote-chars=STRING
additionally quote characters from STRING
--no-quote-chars=STRING
disable quoting for characters from STRING
--quoting-style=STYLE
set name quoting style; see below for valid STYLE values
-R, --block-number
show block number within archive with each message
--record-size=NUMBER
NUMBER of bytes per record, multiple of 512
--recursion
recurse into directories (default)
--no-recursion
avoid descending automatically in directories
--recursive-unlink
empty hierarchies prior to extracting directory
--remove-files
remove files after adding them to the archive
--restrict
disable use of some potentially harmful options
--rmt-command=COMMAND
use given rmt COMMAND instead of rmt
--rsh-command=COMMAND
use remote COMMAND instead of rsh
-s, --preserve-order, --same-order
sort names to extract to match archive
-S, --sparse
handle sparse files efficiently
--same-owner
try extracting files with the same ownership as exists in the archive (default for superuser)
--no-same-owner
extract files as yourself (default for ordinary users)
--no-same-permissions
apply the user's umask when extracting permissions from the archive (default for ordinary users)
--no-seek
archive is not seekable
--show-defaults
show tar defaults
--show-omitted-dirs
when listing or extracting, list each directory that does not match search criteria
--show-transformed-names, --show-stored-names
show file or archive names after transformation
--sparse-version=MAJOR[.MINOR]
set version of the sparse format to use (implies --sparse)
--strip-components=NUMBER
strip NUMBER leading components from file names on extraction
--suffix=STRING
backup before removal, override usual suffix ('~' unless overridden by environment variable
SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX)
-T, --files-from FILE
get names to extract or create from FILE
--to-command=COMMAND
pipe extracted files to another program
--totals
print total bytes after processing the archive;
--transform, --xform EXPRESSION
use sed replace EXPRESSION to transform file names
-U, --unlink-first
remove each file prior to extracting over it
--unquote
unquote filenames read with -T (default)
--no-unquote
do not unquote filenames read with -T
--utc
print file modification times in UTC
-v, --verbose
verbosely list files processed
-V, --label TEXT
create archive with volume name TEXT; at list/extract time, use TEXT as a globbing pattern for volume
name
--volno-file=FILE
use/update the volume number in FILE
-w, --interactive, --confirmation
ask for confirmation for every action
-W, --verify
attempt to verify the archive after writing it
--warning=KEYWORD
warning control
--wildcards
use wildcards (default for exclusion)
--wildcards-match-slash
wildcards match `/' (default for exclusion)
--no-wildcards-match-slash
wildcards do not match `/'
--no-wildcards
verbatim string matching
-X, --exclude-from FILE
exclude patterns listed in FILE
-z, --gzip, --gunzip --ungzip
-Z, --compress, --uncompress