Android 命令行手动编译打包过程图
【详细步骤】：
Step1：使用aapt生成R.java类文件。
例：
F:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/tools>f:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/platforms/android-3/tools/aapt.exe package -f -m -J F:/explorer/AndroidByread/gen -S res -I f:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/platforms/android-3/android.jar -M AndroidManifest.xml
其中 -f -m -J F:/explorer/AndroidByread/gen 代表按覆盖的形式在gen目录下生成带包路径的R.java，-S res指定资源文件 ，-I f:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/platforms/android-3/android.jar 指定使用的android类，-M AndroidManifest.xml指定程序的配置文件
aapt Usage：
Step2：使用android SDK提供的aidl.exe把.aidl转成.java文件：
usage: aidl OPTIONS INPUT [OUTPUT]
aidl --preprocess OUTPUT INPUT...
OPTIONS:
-I<DIR> search path for import statements.
-d<FILE> generate dependency file.
-p<FILE> file created by --preprocess to import.
-o<FOLDER> base output folder for generated files.
-b fail when trying to compile a parcelable.
INPUT:
An aidl interface file.
OUTPUT:
The generated interface files.
Step3：编译.java类文件生成class文件。
例：F:/explorer/AndroidByread>javac -encoding GB18030 -target 1.5 -bootclasspath F:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/platforms/android-3/android.jar -d bin src/com/byread/reader/*.java gen/com/byread/reader/R.java
Step4：使用android SDK提供的dx.bat命令行脚本生成classes.dex文件。
例：
F:/explorer/AndroidByread>F:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/platforms/android-3/tools/dx.bat --dex --output=F:/explorer/AndroidByread/bin/classes.dex f:/explorer/AndroidByread/bin/classes
其中classes.dex为生成的目标文件，f:/explorer/AndroidByread/bin/classes为class文件所在目录
Step5：使用Android SDK提供的aapt.exe生成资源包文件（包括res、assets、androidmanifest.xml等）。
F:/explorer/AndroidByread>F:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/platforms/android-3/tools/aapt.exe package -f -M AndroidManifest.xml -S res -A assets -I F:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/platforms/android-3/android.jar -F bin/byreadreader
将AndroidManifest.xml，res和assets文件夹中的资源文件打包生成byreadreader，用法参见1
Step6：生成未签名的apk安装文件：
apkbuilder ${output.apk.file} -u -z ${packagedresource.file} -f ${dex.file} -rf ${source.dir} -rj ${libraries.dir}
例：
F:/explorer/AndroidByread>f:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/tools/apkbuilder.bat f:/explorer/byreadreader.apk –v -u -z f:/explorer/AndroidByread/bin/byreadreader -f f:/explorer/AndroidByread/bin/class.dex -rf F:/explorer/AndroidByread/src
其中f:/explorer/byreadreader.apk为生成的apk ，-z f:/explorer/AndroidByread/bin/byreadreader为资源包，f:/explorer/AndroidByread/bin/class.dex为类文件包
Step7：使用jdk的jarsigner对未签名的包进行apk签名：
use jarsigner
jarsigner -keystore ${keystore} -storepass ${keystore.password} -keypass ${keypass} -signedjar ${signed.apkfile} ${unsigned.apkfile} ${keyalias}
例如：
F:/explorer/android-sdk-windows2.2/tools>jarsigner –keystore f:/explorer/eclipse3.5/bbyread.keystore -storepass byread002 -keypass byread002 -signedjar f:/explorer/byread.apk f:/explorer/byreadreader.apk byread
其中–keystore f:/explorer/eclipse3.5/bbyread.keystore 为密钥文件 -storepass byread002为密钥文件密码 byread 为密钥别名 -keypass byread002为密钥别名密码，-signedjar f:/explorer/byread.apk为签名后生成的apk文件 f:/explorer/byreadreader.apk为未签名的文件。
转自：http://jojol-zhou.iteye.com/blog/729254