MTD块设备---mtd_blkdevs.c

（1）mtd块设备结构定义

static struct block_device_operations mtd_blktrans_ops = {
	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
	.open		= blktrans_open,
	.release	= blktrans_release,
	.locked_ioctl	= blktrans_ioctl,
	.getgeo		= blktrans_getgeo,
};

(2)调用register_mtd_blktrans实现初始化操作：

int register_mtd_blktrans(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr)
{
	int ret, i;

	/* Register the notifier if/when the first device type is
	   registered, to prevent the link/init ordering from fucking
	   us over. */
	if (!blktrans_notifier.list.next)
		register_mtd_user(&blktrans_notifier); //为每个设备注册注册notifier

	tr->blkcore_priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*tr->blkcore_priv), GFP_KERNEL); //分配内存
	if (!tr->blkcore_priv)
		return -ENOMEM;

	mutex_lock(&mtd_table_mutex);

	ret = register_blkdev(tr->major, tr->name);   //注册mtd块设备
	if (ret) {
		printk(KERN_WARNING "Unable to register %s block device on major %d: %d\n",
		       tr->name, tr->major, ret);
		kfree(tr->blkcore_priv);
		mutex_unlock(&mtd_table_mutex);
		return ret;
	}
	spin_lock_init(&tr->blkcore_priv->queue_lock);//初始化访问请求队列的自旋锁

	tr->blkcore_priv->rq = blk_init_queue(mtd_blktrans_request, &tr->blkcore_priv->queue_lock);//初始化请求队列
	if (!tr->blkcore_priv->rq) {
		unregister_blkdev(tr->major, tr->name);
		kfree(tr->blkcore_priv);
		mutex_unlock(&mtd_table_mutex);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	tr->blkcore_priv->rq->queuedata = tr;
	blk_queue_hardsect_size(tr->blkcore_priv->rq, tr->blksize); //设置MTD块设备硬盘扇区的大小
	if (tr->discard)
		blk_queue_set_discard(tr->blkcore_priv->rq,
				      blktrans_discard_request);

	tr->blkshift = ffs(tr->blksize) - 1;

	tr->blkcore_priv->thread = kthread_run(mtd_blktrans_thread, tr, //初始化处理请求队列的的线程，后面再讲
			"%sd", tr->name);
	if (IS_ERR(tr->blkcore_priv->thread)) {
		int ret = PTR_ERR(tr->blkcore_priv->thread);
		blk_cleanup_queue(tr->blkcore_priv->rq);
		unregister_blkdev(tr->major, tr->name);
		kfree(tr->blkcore_priv);
		mutex_unlock(&mtd_table_mutex);
		return ret;
	}

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tr->devs);
	list_add(&tr->list, &blktrans_majors);

	for (i=0; i<MAX_MTD_DEVICES; i++) {
		if (mtd_table[i] && mtd_table[i]->type != MTD_ABSENT)
			tr->add_mtd(tr, mtd_table[i]);
	}

	mutex_unlock(&mtd_table_mutex);

	return 0;
}

（3）请求队列的操作

上面代码中，调用blk_init_queue(mtd_blktrans_request, ...设置请求队列的处理全程为为mtd_blktrans_request，它的代码如下：

static void mtd_blktrans_request(struct request_queue *rq)
{
	struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr = rq->queuedata;
	wake_up_process(tr->blkcore_priv->thread);
}

它的工作仅仅是唤醒了先前创建的内核进程，实际的工作还是在mtd_blktrans_thread做：

static int mtd_blktrans_thread(void *arg)
{
	struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr = arg;
	struct request_queue *rq = tr->blkcore_priv->rq;

	/* we might get involved when memory gets low, so use PF_MEMALLOC */
	current->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC;

	spin_lock_irq(rq->queue_lock);
	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
		struct request *req;
		struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev;
		int res = 0;

		req = elv_next_request(rq);

		if (!req) {
			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
			spin_unlock_irq(rq->queue_lock);
			schedule();
			spin_lock_irq(rq->queue_lock);
			continue;
		}

		dev = req->rq_disk->private_data;
		tr = dev->tr;

		spin_unlock_irq(rq->queue_lock);

		mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
		res = do_blktrans_request(tr, dev, req);
		mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);

		spin_lock_irq(rq->queue_lock);

		end_request(req, res);
	}
	spin_unlock_irq(rq->queue_lock);

	return 0;
}

这个进程把所有的请求处理完后又将自己休眠，直到被上面的mtd_blktrans_thread唤醒。

（4）其它几个例程实现比较简单

static int blktrans_open(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode)
{
	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev = bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
	struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr = dev->tr;
	int ret = -ENODEV;

	if (!try_module_get(dev->mtd->owner))
		goto out;

	if (!try_module_get(tr->owner))
		goto out_tr;

	/* FIXME: Locking. A hot pluggable device can go away
	   (del_mtd_device can be called for it) without its module
	   being unloaded. */
	dev->mtd->usecount++; //mtd使用计数

	ret = 0;
	if (tr->open && (ret = tr->open(dev))) {
		dev->mtd->usecount--;
		module_put(dev->mtd->owner);
	out_tr:
		module_put(tr->owner);
	}
 out:
	return ret;
}

static int blktrans_release(struct gendisk *disk, fmode_t mode)
{
	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev = disk->private_data;
	struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr = dev->tr;
	int ret = 0;

	if (tr->release)
		ret = tr->release(dev);

	if (!ret) {
		dev->mtd->usecount--; //mtd使用计数递减，如果计数为0，则释放mtd模块。
		module_put(dev->mtd->owner);
		module_put(tr->owner);
	}

	return ret;
}

static int blktrans_getgeo(struct block_device *bdev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
{
	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev = bdev->bd_disk->private_data;

	if (dev->tr->getgeo)
		return dev->tr->getgeo(dev, geo);
	return -ENOTTY;
}

static int blktrans_ioctl(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode,
			      unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev = bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
	struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr = dev->tr;

	switch (cmd) {
	case BLKFLSBUF:  //同步操作，将缓冲区的数据写入
		if (tr->flush)
			return tr->flush(dev);
		/* The core code did the work, we had nothing to do. */
		return 0;
	default:
		return -ENOTTY;
	}
}