iOS原生地图与高德地图的使用

时间：2021-12-28 08:11:03

原生地图

1、什么是LBS

LBS: 基于位置的服务 Location Based Service

实际应用:大众点评，陌陌，微信，美团等需要用到地图或定位的App

2、定位方式

1.GPS定位 2.基站定位 3.WIFI定位

3、框架

MapKit:地图框架，显示地图

CoreLocation:定位框架，没有地图时也可以使用定位.

4、如何使用原生地图 和定位

MapKit：

  1. 初始化MapView

    _mapView = [[MKMapView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];

    [self.view addSubview:_mapView];

  2. 设置代理

_mapView.delegate = self;

  1. 设置地图类型

    _mapView.mapType = MKMapTypeStandard;

  2. 允许显示自己的位置

    _mapView.showsUserLocation = YES;

  3. 设置地图中心坐标点

    CLLocationCoordinate2D centerCoordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(22.540396,113.951832);

    _mapView.centerCoordinate = centerCoordinate;

  4. 设置地图显示区域

a) 设置缩放

 MKCoordinateSpan span = MKCoordinateSpanMake(0.1, 0.1);

b) 设置区域

MKCoordinateRegion region = MKCoordinateRegionMake(centerCoordinate, span);

c) 显示区域

_mapView.region = region;

CoreLocation：

  1. 初始化定位管理器

_manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];

_manager.delegate = self;

  1. iOS8定位

  1. 在info.plist中添加 Privacy - Location Usage Description , NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription

  2. 在代码中加入

    if ( [UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.floatValue >= 8.0 ) {

       [_manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];

    }

  1. 开启定位

    [_manager startUpdatingLocation];

  2. 定位成功代理

  • (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations

{

  NSLog(@"定位成功");

  //获取定位的坐标

  CLLocation *location = [locations firstObject];

  //获取坐标

  CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = location.coordinate;

  NSLog(@"定位的坐标：%f,%f", coordinate.longitude, coordinate.latitude);

  //停止定位

  //[_manager stopUpdatingLocation];

}

  1. 定位失败代理
  • (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error

{

  NSLog(@"定位失败”);

}

  1. 屏幕坐标转经纬度坐标

    CLLocationCoordinate2D cl2d = [_mapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_mapView];

  2. 反地理编码

    CLGeocoder *geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];

    [geocoder reverseGeocodeLocation:location completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {

//获取地标对象

      CLPlacemark *mark = [placemarks firstObject];

 }];

大头针（标注）：

  1. 添加大头针

    //创建大头针

    MKPointAnnotation *pointAnn = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init];

    //设置坐标

    pointAnn.coordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.181297, 113.346877);

    //设置标题

    pointAnn.title = @"我的第一个大头针";

    //设置副标题

    pointAnn.subtitle = @"副标题";

    //显示大头针，把大头针加入到地图上

    [_mapView addAnnotation:pointAnn];

  2. 大头针的复用及定制

pragma mark - mapView 代理方法

//大头针View

-(MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id)annotation

{

//如果是自己当前位置的大头针，则不定制

if ( [annotation isKindOfClass:[MKUserLocation class]]) {

    return  nil;

}

if 1

// 1、自带的大头针视图

MKPinAnnotationView *pinAnnView = (MKPinAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID"];

if ( !pinAnnView ) {

    pinAnnView = [[MKPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID"];

}

//设置大头针的颜色

pinAnnView.pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorPurple;

//设置掉落动画

pinAnnView.animatesDrop = YES;

//是否弹出气泡

pinAnnView.canShowCallout = YES;

//设置左视图

UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];

leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];

pinAnnView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;

//设置右视图

UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];

pinAnnView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;

return  pinAnnView;

else

//2、自定义大头针视图

/*

   * 区别于MKPinAnnotationView

   * 1、可以设置大头针图片

   * 2、不可以设置大头针颜色和掉落动画

   */

MKAnnotationView *customView = [mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID2"];

if ( !customView ) {

    customView = [[MKAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID2"];

}

//设置点击大头针可以显示气泡

customView.canShowCallout = YES;

//设置大头针图片

customView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"marker"];

//设置左视图

UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];

leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];

customView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;

//设置右视图

UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];

customView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;

return  customView;

endif

}

  1. 移除大头针

    [_mapView removeAnnotations:_mapView.annotations];

  2. 添加长按手势，实现在地图的长按点添加一个大头针

//4、长按地图显示大头针

UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPress:)];

[_mapView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];

pragma mark - 长按手势

-(void)longPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)gesture

{

//避免多次调用 只允许开始长按状态才添加大头针

if (gesture.state != UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {

    return;

}

//获取长按地图上的某个点

CGPoint point = [gesture locationInView:_mapView];

//把point转换成在地图上的坐标经纬度

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = [_mapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_mapView];

//添加长按的大头针

MKPointAnnotation *annotation = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init];

annotation.coordinate = coordinate;

annotation.title = @"长按的大头针";

annotation.subtitle = @"副标题";

[_mapView addAnnotation:annotation];

}

高德地图

1、高德地图申请Appkey流程：

a) 在浏览器中打开网址：http://lbs.amap.com/api/ios-sdk/guide/verify/

b) 访问：http://lbs.amap.com/console/key/，使用高德开发者账号登陆

c) 2.在“KEY管理”页面点击上方的“获取key”按钮，依次输入应用名，选择绑定的服务为“iOS平台SDK”，输入Bundle Identifier（Bundle Identifier获取方式为Xcode->General->Identity）

2、高德地图配置工程流程：

a)下载高德地图iOS SDK

b)添加高德地图的库文件MAMapKit.framework

c)添加8个关联库QuartzCore, CoreLocation, SystemConfiguration, CoreTelephony, libz, OpenGLES, libstdc++6.09, Security（MAMapView）

d)添加AMap.bundle（MAMapKit.framework->Resources）

e) TARGETS-Build Settings-Other Linker Flags 中添加内容： -ObjC；

f)在代码中添加用户Key: [MAMapServices sharedServices].apiKey =@"您的key";

3、单独使用搜索服务包:

a)添加搜索库文件AMapSearchKit.framework

b)添加关联库SystemConfiguration, CoreTelephony, libz, libstdc++6.09

c)在代码中添加AMapSearchAPI *search = [[AMapSearchAPI alloc] initWithSearchKey: @"您的key" Delegate:self];

4、如何使用高德地图 和 搜索

MAMapKit：

  1. 配置高德地图API

define APIKEY @"e848d391f9c4b98db0935052777f99d2"

 [MAMapServices sharedServices].apiKey = APIKEY;
  1. 初始化MAMapView

_maMapView = [[MAMapView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];

 [self.view addSubview:_maMapView];

  1. 设置代理

    _maMapView.delegate = self;

  2. 设置地图类型

    _maMapView.mapType = MAMapTypeStandard;

  3. 允许显示自己的位置（如使用定位功能，则必须设置为YES）

    _maMapView.showsUserLocation = YES;

  4. 设置logo位置

    _maMapView.logoCenter = CGPointMake(100, 100);

  5. 显示罗盘

    _maMapView.showsCompass = YES;

  6. 显示交通

    _maMapView.showTraffic = YES;

  7. 是否支持旋转

    _maMapView.rotateEnabled = YES;

  8. 是否支持拖动

    _maMapView.scrollEnabled = YES;

  9. 是否支持缩放

_maMapView.zoomEnabled = NO;
  1. 设置地图显示区域

a) 设置坐标

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(23.181297, 113.346877);

b) 设置缩放

MACoordinateSpan span = MACoordinateSpanMake(0.1, 0.1);

c) 设置区域

MACoordinateRegion region = MACoordinateRegionMake(coordinate, span);

d) 显示区域

_maMapView.region = region;
  1. 定位

pragma mark - 定位 回调方法

-(void)mapView:(MAMapView *)mapView didUpdateUserLocation:(MAUserLocation *)userLocation updatingLocation:(BOOL)updatingLocation

{

  NSLog(@"定位成功");

  CLLocation *location = userLocation.location;

  CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = location.coordinate;

  NSLog(@"我的坐标位置：%f, %f", coordinate.longitude, coordinate.latitude);

  // 定位后，可设置停止定位

  // _maMapView.showsUserLocation = NO;

}

  1. 添加标注（大头针）
//添加标注

  MAPointAnnotation *annotation = [[MAPointAnnotation alloc] init];

  annotation.coordinate = coordinate; //设置标注的坐标

  annotation.title = @"高德地图标题"; //设置标题

  annotation.subtitle = @"副标题"; //设置副标题

  [_maMapView addAnnotation:annotation]; //将标注添加在地图上
  1. 标注的复用及定制

pragma mark - 定制标注视图（和原生地图定制方式类似）

  • (MAAnnotationView *)mapView:(MAMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id)annotation

{

  //不定制自己位置的标注视图

  if ( [annotation isKindOfClass:[MAUserLocation class]]) {

      return nil;

  }

if 1

  // 1、自带的标注视图

  MAPinAnnotationView *pinAnnView = (MAPinAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID"];

  if ( !pinAnnView ) {

      pinAnnView = [[MAPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID"];

  }

  // 是否可弹出视图

  pinAnnView.canShowCallout = YES;

  // 设置掉落动画

  pinAnnView.animatesDrop = YES;

  // 设置标注颜色

  pinAnnView.pinColor = MAPinAnnotationColorGreen;

  // 设置左视图

  UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];

  leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];

  pinAnnView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;

  //设置右视图

  UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];

  pinAnnView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;

  return pinAnnView;

else

  //2、自定义标注视图

  MAAnnotationView *customView = [mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:@"ID2"];

  if ( !customView ) {

      customView = [[MAAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"ID2"];

  }

  //设置点击大头针可以显示气泡

  customView.canShowCallout = YES;

  //设置大头针图片

  customView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"marker"];

  //设置左视图

  UIView *leftView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 50, 50)];

  leftView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];

  customView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = leftView;

  //设置右视图

  UIButton *rightBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeDetailDisclosure];

  customView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = rightBtn;

  return  customView;

endif

}

  1. 添加长按手势

    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPress:)];

    [_maMapView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];

pragma mark -- 长按手势Action

-(void)longPress:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)longPress

{

  if (longPress.state != UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {

      return;

  }

  //获取点位置

  CGPoint point = [longPress locationInView:_maMapView];

  //将点位置转换成经纬度坐标

  CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = [_maMapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_maMapView];

  //在该点添加一个大头针(标注)

  MAPointAnnotation *pointAnn = [[MAPointAnnotation alloc] init];

  pointAnn.coordinate = coordinate;

  pointAnn.title = @"长按的大头针";

  pointAnn.subtitle = @"副标题";

  [_maMapView addAnnotation:pointAnn];

}

AMapSearchKit：

  1. 搜索周边

  2. 创建AMapSearchAPI对象，配置APPKEY，同时设置代理对象为self

    searchAPI = [[AMapSearchAPI alloc] initWithSearchKey:APIKEY Delegate:self];

a) 创建搜索周边请求类

AMapPlaceSearchRequest *searchRequest = [[AMapPlaceSearchRequest alloc] init];

b) 设置搜索类型（按关键字搜索）

searchRequest.searchType = AMapSearchType_PlaceKeyword;

c) 设置关键字

searchRequest.keywords = keywordsTextField.text;

d) 设置搜索城市

searchRequest.city = @[@"广州"];

e) 开始搜索

[searchAPI AMapPlaceSearch:searchRequest];
  1. 搜索周边回调方法

a) 搜索失败

  • (void)searchRequest:(id)request didFailWithError:(NSError *)error

{

NSLog(@"搜索失败");

}

b) 搜索成功

-(void)onPlaceSearchDone:(AMapPlaceSearchRequest *)request response:(AMapPlaceSearchResponse *)response

{

//清空原来的标注（大头针）

[_maMapView removeAnnotations:_maMapView.annotations];

//判断是否为空

if (response) {

    //取出搜索到的POI（POI：Point Of Interest）

    for (AMapPOI *poi in response.pois) {

        //poi的坐标

        CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate =

CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(poi.location.latitude, poi.location.longitude);

        //地名

        NSString *name = poi.name;

        //地址

        NSString *address = poi.address;

        //用标注显示

        MAPointAnnotation *pointAnn = [[MAPointAnnotation alloc] init];

        pointAnn.coordinate = coordinate;

        pointAnn.title = name;

        pointAnn.subtitle = address;

        [_maMapView addAnnotation:pointAnn];

    }

}

}

  1. 添加折线

pragma mark - 画折线

-(void)drawPolyLine

{

//初始化点

NSArray *latitudePoints =[NSArray arrayWithObjects:

                          @"23.172223",

                          @"23.163385",

                          @"23.155411",

                          @"23.148765",

                          @"23.136935", nil];

NSArray *longitudePoints = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:

                            @"113.348665",

                            @"113.366056",

                            @"113.366128",

                            @"113.362391",

                            @"113.356785", nil];

// 创建数组

CLLocationCoordinate2D polyLineCoords[5];

for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {

    polyLineCoords[i].latitude = [latitudePoints[i] floatValue];

    polyLineCoords[i].longitude = [longitudePoints[i] floatValue];

}

// 创建折线对象

MAPolyline *polyLine = [MAPolyline polylineWithCoordinates:polyLineCoords count:5];

// 在地图上显示折线

[_maMapView addOverlay:polyLine];

}

pragma mark - 定制折线视图

-(MAOverlayView *)mapView:(MAMapView *)mapView viewForOverlay:(id)overlay

{

if ([overlay isKindOfClass:[MAPolyline class]]) {

    MAPolylineView *polyLineView = [[MAPolylineView alloc] initWithPolyline:overlay];

    polyLineView.lineWidth = 2; //折线宽度

    polyLineView.strokeColor = [UIColor blueColor]; //折线颜色

    polyLineView.lineJoinType = kMALineJoinRound; //折线连接类型

    return polyLineView;

}

return nil;

}

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