如何从Unix命令行删除XML标记?

I am grepping an XML File, which gives me output like this:

我正在加载一个XML文件，它会给我这样的输出:

<tag>data</tag>
<tag>more data</tag>
...

Note, this is a flat file, not an XML tree. I want to remove the XML tags and just display the data in between. I'm doing all this from the command line and was wondering if there is a better way than piping it into awk twice...

注意，这是一个平面文件，不是XML树。我想删除XML标记，只显示中间的数据。我在命令行中完成所有这些工作，我想知道是否有更好的方法可以将它导入两次awk……

cat file.xml | awk -F'>' '{print $2}' | awk -F'<' '{print $1}'

Ideally, I would like to do this in one command

理想情况下，我希望在一个命令中完成此操作

5 个解决方案

#1

If your file looks just like that, then sed can help you:

如果您的文件是这样的，那么sed可以帮助您:

sed -e 's/<[^>]*>//g' file.xml

Of course you should not use regular expressions for parsing XML because it's hard.

当然，您不应该使用正则表达式来解析XML，因为这很难。

#2

Using awk:

使用awk:

awk '{gsub(/<[^>]*>/,"")};1' file.xml

#3

Give this a try:

给这一个尝试:

grep -Po '<.*?>\K.*?(?=<.*?>)' inputfile

Explanation:

解释:

Using Perl Compatible Regular Expressions (-P) and outputting only the specified matches (-o):

使用Perl兼容的正则表达式(-P)并输出仅指定的匹配(-o):

<.*?> - Non-greedy match of any characters within angle brackets
< . * ?> -尖括号内任何字符的非贪婪匹配
\K - Don't include the preceding match in the output (reset match start - similar to positive look-behind, but it works with variable-length matches)
\K -不要在输出中包含前面的匹配项(重置匹配开始——类似于正的查找延迟，但它适用于可变长度的匹配项)
.*? - Non-greedy match stopping at the next match (this part will be output)
. * ?-下一个匹配停止非贪心匹配(此部分为输出)
(?=<.*?>) - Non-greedy match of any characters within angle brackets and don't include the match in the output (positive look-ahead - works with variable-length matches)
(?=<.*?>) -尖括号内任何字符的非贪婪匹配，且不包括输出中的匹配(正向前查找-适用于变长匹配)

#4

Use html2text command-line tool, which converts html into plain text.

使用html2text命令行工具，它将html转换为纯文本。

Alternatively you may try ex-way:

你也可以尝试前路:

ex -s +'%s/<[^>].\{-}>//ge' +%p +q! file.txt

or:

或者:

cat file.txt | ex -s +'%s/<[^>].\{-}>//ge' +%p +q! /dev/stdin

#5

I know this is not a "perlgolf contest", but I used to use this trick.

我知道这不是一场“高尔夫比赛”，但我曾经用过这个技巧。

Set Record Separator for < or >, then print only odd lines:

为 <或> 设置记录分隔符，然后只打印奇数行:

awk -vRS='<|>' NR%2 file.xml

#1