文件名称：VLSI Design and Test for Systems Dependability
文件大小：41.09MB
文件格式：PDF
更新时间：2022-03-01 11:55:55
Fault Tolera Security IOT
The technological progress, with its tremendous economic impact, of electronic systems stands out among other industrial products of modern times and has produced various innovations over the last 50 years or so. It has had two major enablers, computer programs and the very-large-scale integration (VLSI) of semiconductor circuits. The concept of programed computing first materialized in computers that crunched alphanumeric data. The computer program has gone through a remarkable transformation since the introduction of high-level programing languages, close in form to human languages, describing how information is to be processed in the system; translating the program into machine-executable codes became a part of the job of computers. Electronic systems hardware has likewise shown progress in performance at an unprecedented pace starting out from the vacuum tube to the transistor to VLSI. High-performance computers, consisting of thousands of VLSI processors, each one containing billions of transistors, are being used for scientific calculations and big-data analysis. More remarkably, VLSI is used today in a far greater variety of electronic systems. Public infrastructures, such as transportation, utilities, public safety, and telecommunications, are large-scale electronic systems. Consumer items such as cell phones and automobiles are other examples of advanced electronic systems. All these electronic systems, in contrast to computers used for general computing, are customarily called computer-embedded systems. Progress in the development of these systems has been driven by the evolution of computer software (programing) and electronic hardware (VLSI among others), considered as twin engines working in harmony.