文件名称：EISA System Architecture
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EISA
About This Book The MindShare Architecture Series.....................................................................................1 Organization of This Book.....................................................................................................2 Part One – The EISA Specification..................................................................................2 EISA Overview...........................................................................................................2 EISA Bus Structure Overview...................................................................................2 EISA Bus Arbitration..................................................................................................2 Interrupt Handling.....................................................................................................2 Detailed Description of EISA Bus.............................................................................3 ISA Bus Cycles............................................................................................................3 EISA CPU and Bus Master Bus Cycles....................................................................3 EISA DMA...................................................................................................................3 EISA System Configuration......................................................................................3 Part Two – The Intel 82350DT EISA Chipset.................................................................3 EISA System Buses.....................................................................................................3 Bridge, Translator, Pathfinder, Toolbox..................................................................3 Intel 82350DT EISA Chip Set....................................................................................4 Who This Book Is For..............................................................................................................4 Prerequisite Knowledge.........................................................................................................4 Documentation Conventions.................................................................................................4 Hex Notation......................................................................................................................5 Binary Notation..................................................................................................................5 Decimal Notation...............................................................................................................5 Signal Name Representation............................................................................................5 Bit Field Identification (logical bit or signal groups)....................................................5 We Want Your Feedback........................................................................................................6 Bulletin Board.....................................................................................................................6 Mailing Address................................................................................................................6 Part One – EISA Specification Chapter 1: EISA Overview Introduction..............................................................................................................................9 Compatibility With ISA.........................................................................................................10 Memory Capacity.....................................................................................................................10 v EISA System Architecture Synchronous Data Transfer Protocol...................................................................................10 Enhanced DMA Functions.....................................................................................................10 Bus Master Capabilities.........................................................................................................11 Data Bus Steering....................................................................................................................12 Bus Arbitration.........................................................................................................................12 Edge and Level-Sensitive Interrupt Requests....................................................................12 Automatic System Configuration.........................................................................................12 EISA Feature/Benefit Summary............................................................................................13 Chapter 2: EISA Bus Structure Overview Community of Processors.......................................................................................................15 Limitations of ISA Bus Master Support..........................................................................16 EISA Bus Master Support.................................................................................................17 EISA System Bus Master Types............................................................................................20 Types of Slaves in EISA System...........................................................................................21 Chapter 3: EISA Bus Arbitration EISA Bus Arbitration Scheme...............................................................................................23 Preemption................................................................................................................................28 Example Arbitration Between Two Bus Masters...............................................................29 Memory Refresh......................................................................................................................30 Chapter 4: Interrupt Handling ISA Interrupt Handling Review...........................................................................................33 ISA Interrupt Handling Shortcomings................................................................................34 Phantom Interrupts...........................................................................................................34 Limited Number of IRQ Lines.........................................................................................35 EISA Interrupt Handling........................................................................................................35 Shareable IRQ Lines..........................................................................................................35 Phantom Interrupt Elimination.......................................................................................40 Chapter 5: Detailed Description of EISA Bus Introduction..............................................................................................................................41 Address Bus Extension...........................................................................................................43 Data Bus Extension..................................................................................................................45 Bus Arbitration Signal Group...............................................................................................45 Burst Handshake Signal Group............................................................................................48 Bus Cycle Definition Signal Group.....................................................................................48 Bus Cycle Timing Signal Group...........................................................................................49 Lock Signal...............................................................................................................................49 Slave Size Signal Group.........................................................................................................50 AEN Signal...............................................................................................................................50 vi Contents EISA Connector Pinouts.........................................................................................................50 Chapter 6: ISA Bus Cycles Introduction..............................................................................................................................53 8-bit ISA Slave Device............................................................................................................53 16-bit ISA Slave Device..........................................................................................................54 Transfers With 8-bit Devices.................................................................................................54 Transfers With 16-bit Devices...............................................................................................57 Standard 16-bit Memory ISA bus Cycle.........................................................................58 Standard 16-bit I/O ISA bus Cycle.................................................................................61 Zero Wait State ISA bus Cycle Accessing 16-bit Device...............................................64 ISA DMA Bus Cycles..............................................................................................................67 ISA DMA Introduction.....................................................................................................67 8237 DMAC Bus Cycle......................................................................................................68 Chapter 7: EISA CPU and Bus Master Bus Cycles Intro to EISA CPU and Bus Master Bus Cycles..................................................................71 Standard EISA Bus Cycle.......................................................................................................72 General................................................................................................................................72 Analysis of EISA Standard Bus Cycle.............................................................................73 Performance Using EISA Standard Bus Cycle...............................................................75 Compressed Bus Cycle............................................................................................................75 General................................................................................................................................75 Performance Using Compressed Bus Cycle...................................................................76 Burst Bus Cycle........................................................................................................................77 General................................................................................................................................77 Analysis of EISA Burst Transfer......................................................................................77 Performance Using Burst Transfers................................................................................82 DRAM Memory Burst Transfers.....................................................................................82 Downshift Burst Bus Master............................................................................................82 Chapter 8: EISA DMA DMA Bus Cycle Types............................................................................................................83 Introduction........................................................................................................................83 Compatible DMA Bus Cycle............................................................................................84 Description..................................................................................................................84 Performance and Compatibility...............................................................................84 Type A DMA Bus Cycle....................................................................................................85 Description..................................................................................................................85 Performance and Compatibility...............................................................................85 Type B DMA Bus Cycle....................................................................................................86 Description..................................................................................................................86 vii EISA System Architecture Performance and Compatibility...............................................................................87 Type C DMA Bus Cycle....................................................................................................87 Description..................................................................................................................87 Performance and Compatibility...............................................................................87 EISA DMA Transfer Rate Summary...............................................................................88 Other DMA Enhancements....................................................................................................88 Addressing Capability......................................................................................................88 Preemption.........................................................................................................................89 Buffer Chaining..................................................................................................................89 Ring Buffers........................................................................................................................90 Transfer Size.......................................................................................................................90 Chapter 9: EISA System Configuration ISA I/O Address Space Problem...........................................................................................91 EISA Slot-Specific I/O Address Space.................................................................................94 EISA Product Identifier..........................................................................................................98 EISA Configuration Registers...............................................................................................100 Configuration Bits Defined by EISA Spec.........................................................................101 EISA Configuration Process..................................................................................................101 General................................................................................................................................101 Configuration File Naming..............................................................................................102 Configuration Procedure..................................................................................................103 Configuration File Macro Language...............................................................................104 Example Configuration File.............................................................................................104 Example File Explanation.................................................................................................110 Part Two – Intel 82350DT EISA Chipset Chapter 10: EISA System Buses Introduction..............................................................................................................................117 Host Bus.....................................................................................................................................118 EISA/ISA Bus...........................................................................................................................119 X-Bus..........................................................................................................................................119 Chapter 11: Bridge, Translator, Pathfinder, Toolbox Bus Cycle Initiation.................................................................................................................123 Bridge.........................................................................................................................................124 Translator..................................................................................................................................128 Address Translation..........................................................................................................128 Command Line Translation.............................................................................................128 Pathfinder..................................................................................................................................129 Toolbox......................................................................................................................................132 viii Contents Chapter 12: Intel 82350DT EISA Chipset Introduction..............................................................................................................................133 EISA Bus Controller (EBC) and EISA Bus Buffers (EBBs)...............................................134 General................................................................................................................................134 CPU Selection.....................................................................................................................135 Data Buffer Control and EISA Bus Buffer (EBB)...........................................................137 General.........................................................................................................................137 Transfer Between 32-bit EISA Bus Master and 8-bit ISA Slave............................139 Transfer Between 32-bit EISA Bus Master and 16-bit ISA Slave..........................145 Transfer Between 32-bit EISA Bus Master and 16-bit EISA Slave.......................150 Transfer Between 32-bit EISA Bus Master and 32-bit EISA Slave.......................153 Transfer Between 32-bit EISA Bus Master and 32-bit Host Slave........................155 Transfer Between 16-bit EISA Bus Master and 8-bit ISA Slave............................156 Transfer Between 16-bit EISA Bus Master and 16-bit ISA Slave..........................158 Transfer Between 16-bit EISA Bus Master and 16-bit EISA Slave.......................160 Transfer Between 16-bit EISA Bus Master and 32-bit EISA Slave.......................160 Transfer Between 16-bit ISA Bus Master and 8-bit ISA Slave..............................162 Transfer Between 16-bit ISA Bus Master and 16-bit ISA Slave............................162 Transfer Between 16-bit ISA Bus Master and 16-bit EISA Slave..........................163 Transfer Between 16-bit ISA Bus Master and 32-bit EISA Slave..........................164 Transfer Between 32-bit Host CPU and 32-bit Host Slave....................................165 Transfer Between 32-bit Host CPU and 8-bit ISA Slave........................................165 Transfer Between 32-bit Host CPU and 16-bit ISA Slave......................................166 Transfer Between 32-bit Host CPU and 16-bit EISA Slave...................................167 Transfer Between 32-bit Host CPU and 32-bit EISA Slave...................................167 Address Buffer Control and EBB.....................................................................................168 Host CPU Bus Master................................................................................................170 EISA Bus Master.........................................................................................................170 ISA Bus Master...........................................................................................................170 Refresh Bus Master.....................................................................................................171 DMA Bus Master........................................................................................................171 Host Bus Interface Unit.....................................................................................................172 ISA Bus Interface Unit.......................................................................................................176 EISA Bus Interface Unit....................................................................................................179 Cache Support....................................................................................................................180 Reset Control......................................................................................................................181 Slot-Specific I/O Support.................................................................................................181 Clock Generator Unit........................................................................................................181 I/O Recovery......................................................................................................................182 Testing.................................................................................................................................182 ISP interface unit................................................................................................................183 82357 Integrated System Peripheral (ISP)...........................................................................183 ix EISA System Architecture Introduction........................................................................................................................183 NMI Logic...........................................................................................................................185 Interrupt Controllers.........................................................................................................185 DMA Controllers...............................................................................................................186 System Timers....................................................................................................................187 Central Arbitration Control..............................................................................................188 Refresh Logic......................................................................................................................188 Miscellaneous Interface Signals.......................................................................................188 Glossary.....................................................................................................................................193 Index...........................................................................................................................................201