文件名称：Challenges in Complex Systems Science
文件大小：361KB
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更新时间：2016-02-12 03:20:58
Complex Systems Science
FuturICT foundations are social science, complex systems science, and ICT. The main concerns and challenges in the science of complex systems in the context of FuturICT are laid out in this pa- per with special emphasis on the Complex Systems route to Social Sci- ences. This include complex systems having: many heterogeneous inter- acting parts; multiple scales; complicated transition laws; unexpected or unpredicted emergence; sensitive dependence on initial conditions; path-dependent dynamics; networked hierarchical connectivities; in- teraction of autonomous agents; self-organisation; non-equilibrium dy- namics; combinatorial explosion; adaptivity to changing environments; co-evolving subsystems; ill-defined boundaries; and multilevel dynam- ics. In this context, science is seen as the process of abstracting the dynamics of systems from data. This presents many challenges includ- ing: data gathering by large-scale experiment, participatory sensing and social computation, managing huge distributed dynamic and het- erogeneous databases; moving from data to dynamical models, going beyond correlations to cause-effect relationships, understanding the re- lationship between simple and comprehensive models with appropriate choices of variables, ensemble modeling and data assimilation, mod- eling systems of systems of systems with many levels between micro and macro; and formulating new approaches to prediction, forecasting, and risk, especially in systems that can reflect on and change their behaviour in response to predictions, and systems whose apparently predictable behaviour is disrupted by apparently unpredictable rare or extreme events. These challenges are part of the FuturICT agenda.