文件名称：Geometric Optics_ Theory and Design of Astronomical Optical Systems Using mma
文件大小：11.06MB
文件格式：PDF
更新时间：2022-05-02 05:03:21
mma
A very wide selection of excellent books are available to the reader interested in geometric optics. Roughly speaking, these texts can be divided into three main classes. In the first class (see, for instance, [1–14]), we find books that present the theoretical aspects of the subject, usually starting from the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of geometric optics. These texts analyze the relations between geometric optics, mechanics, partial differential equations, and the wave theory of optics. The second class comprises books that focus on the applications of this theory to optical instruments. In these books some essential formulae, which are reported without proofs, are used to propose exact or approximate solutions to real-world problems (an excellent example of this class is represented by [26]). The third class contains books that approach the subject in a manner that is intermediate between the first two classes (see, for instance, [15–21]). The aim of this book, which could be placed in the third class, is to provide the reader with the mathematical background needed to design many optical combinations that are used in astronomical telescopes and cameras.1 The results presented here were obtained by using a different approach to third-order aberration theory as well as the extensive use of the software package Mathematica®. The third-order approach to third-order aberration theory adopted in this book is based on Fermat’s principle and on the use of particular optical paths (not rays) termed stigmatic paths. This approach makes it easy to derive the third-order aberration formulae. In this way, the reader is able to understand and handle the formulae required to design optical combinations without resorting to the much more complex Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms and Seidel’s relations. On the other hand, the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms have unquestionable theoretical utility considering their important applications in optics, mechanics, and the theory of partial differential equations. For this reason the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian optics are widely discussed in Chapters 10–12.