Java多线程操作同一份资源

时间:2021-09-21 17:34:17

现在两个线程,可以操作初始值为零的一个变量,实现一个线程对该变量加1,一个线程对该变量减1,实现交替,来10轮,变量初始值为零。

package com.yangyuanyuan.juc1205;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; class Aircondition
{
private int number = 0;
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private Condition condition = lock.newCondition(); public void increment()throws Exception
{
lock.lock();
try
{
//1 判断
while (number != 0)
{
condition.await();//this.wait();
}
//2 干活
number++;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+number);
//3 通知
condition.signalAll();//this.notifyAll();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void decrement()throws Exception
{
lock.lock();
try
{
//1 判断
while (number == 0)
{
condition.await();//this.wait();
}
//2 干活
number--;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+number);
//3 通知
condition.signalAll();//this.notifyAll();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
/*public synchronized void increment()throws Exception
{
//1 判断
while (number != 0)
{
//AAA CCC
this.wait();
}
//2 干活
number++;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+number);
//3 通知
this.notifyAll();
}
public synchronized void decrement()throws Exception
{
//1 判断
while(number == 0)
{
this.wait();
}
//2 干活
number--;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+number);
//3 通知
this.notifyAll();
}*/ } /**
1 高聚低合前提下,线程操作资源类
2 判断/干活/通知
3 防止虚假唤醒 不能使用if判断,会出现2 知识小总结 = 多线程编程套路+while判断+新版写法
*/
public class ProdConsumerDemo04
{
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception
{
Aircondition aircondition = new Aircondition(); new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 1; i <=10; i++)
{
try
{
Thread.sleep(200);
aircondition.increment();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
},"A").start();
new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 1; i <=10; i++)
{
try
{
Thread.sleep(300);
aircondition.decrement();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
},"B").start(); new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 1; i <=10; i++)
{
try
{
Thread.sleep(400);
aircondition.increment();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
},"C").start();
new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 1; i <=10; i++)
{
try
{
Thread.sleep(500);
aircondition.decrement();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
},"D").start(); }
}

使用if判断存在虚假唤醒情况,变量可能会变成2

Java多线程操作同一份资源

如图所示,如果只有两个线程,一个线程加,一个线程减,不会存在虚假唤醒情况(选无可选)。

当变成四个线程时,两个线程加,两个线程减,使用if就会存在虚假唤醒情况。如变量初始为0(0!=0为false),执行完+’变量变成1,此时+线程进来发现值为1等待(this.wait()处等待,未出if判断),然后+‘线程又进来发现值为1它也等待(this.wait()处等待,未出if判断),此时-线程进来(1==0为false)发现变量值为1将变量做减法变成0。由于此时+和+‘仍在等待,cpu为了降低消耗量和负担,会先满足等待时间长的线程(线程优先级会高)

由于使用的是if,不会再拉回来重新判断一次(两个线程this.wait()处等待),+和+’线程都会做加法,变量值就变成了2。