loadrunner提高篇 - 关联技术的经典使用

时间：2022-03-14 15:45:09

　　关联函数是一个查找函数，即是从HTML文件内容中查找需要的值，并将其保存在一个变量或数组中。换一个角度看，关联函数不单单可以匹配一些变化的值，同样可以匹配一些固定的内容，并将其保存到一个数据组，供后续业务使用，也即对关联函数进行扩展使用，在处理事务中这种方式经常用到。

　　实例：以订票为例，假设要实现这样的事务，选择好出发城市和到达城市后，在选择航班时，需要选择票价最便宜的航班

　　实现思路：首先使用关联函数读取HTML代码中票价和航班号，分别将两部分的数据保存在不同的数组中；接着比较票价，选择找到票价最低的是数组中的第几个元素，即最便宜机票所在数据的下标；最后将该下标的值对应地读出航班号，就是最便宜的航班。

　　完整代码如下：

【注：还没运行成功，主要是不懂代码函数的运用】

Action()

{

//录制订票脚本，为了练习关联技术的经典使用

    web_url("WebTours",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=",

        "Snapshot=t2.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_url("header.html",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",

        "Snapshot=t4.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_start(NULL);

    web_url("hp_logo.png",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/hp_logo.png",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/png",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",

        "Snapshot=t5.inf",

        LAST);

    web_url("webtours.png",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/webtours.png",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/header.html",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_end(NULL);

    web_url("welcome.pl",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",

        "Snapshot=t6.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_start(NULL);

    web_url("nav.pl",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",

        "Snapshot=t7.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_url("home.html",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/home.html",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=true",

        "Snapshot=t8.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_end(NULL);

    web_url("mer_login.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/mer_login.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",

        "Snapshot=t9.inf",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_start(NULL);

    web_url("8afc2fe48db9060fe1bdda2089e1d950.png",

        "URL=http://act.cmcmcdn.com/upload/201507/8afc2fe48db9060fe1bdda2089e1d950.png",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/png",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",

        "Snapshot=t10.inf",

        LAST);

    web_url("3b491068507d8f85ea7b35d756da7215.png",

        "URL=http://act.cmcmcdn.com/upload/201507/3b491068507d8f85ea7b35d756da7215.png",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/png",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/",

        "Snapshot=t11.inf",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_end(NULL);

    lr_start_transaction("登录");

    lr_think_time();

    web_submit_data("login.pl",

        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",

        "Method=POST",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home",

        "Snapshot=t12.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        ITEMDATA,

        "Name=userSession", "Value=120844.899311462zcVfQfQpfAiDDDDDDHcQfpHfHAf", ENDITEM,

        "Name=username", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=password", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM,

        "Name=login.x", "Value=36", ENDITEM,

        "Name=login.y", "Value=15", ENDITEM,

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_start(NULL);

    web_url("nav.pl_2",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",

        "Snapshot=t13.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_url("login.pl_2",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl?intro=true",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl",

        "Snapshot=t18.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_end(NULL);

    web_concurrent_start(NULL);

    web_url("flights.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/flights.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",

        "Snapshot=t14.inf",

        LAST);

    web_url("in_home.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/in_home.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",

        "Snapshot=t15.inf",

        LAST);

    web_url("signoff.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/signoff.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",

        "Snapshot=t16.inf",

        LAST);

    web_url("itinerary.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/itinerary.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",

        "Snapshot=t17.inf",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_end(NULL);

    lr_end_transaction("登录", LR_AUTO);

    lr_start_transaction("订票");

    lr_think_time();

    web_url("Search Flights Button",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home",

        "Snapshot=t19.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_start(NULL);

    web_url("reservations.pl",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",

        "Snapshot=t20.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_url("nav.pl_3",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",

        "Resource=0",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search",

        "Snapshot=t21.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_end(NULL);

    web_url("button_next.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/button_next.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",

        "Snapshot=t22.inf",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_start(NULL);

    web_url("in_flights.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/in_flights.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",

        "Snapshot=t23.inf",

        LAST);

    web_url("home.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/home.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights",

        "Snapshot=t24.inf",

        LAST);

    web_concurrent_end(NULL);

    lr_think_time();

/*分析票价和航班号的左右边界值后（可通过航班信息的HTML源代码分析），在这里插入关联函数，进行关联时Ordinal的属性必须设置为all，这样才可以将所有的值匹配到，并将其保存在一个数组中。*/

    //这是航班的关联函数

    web_reg_save_param_ex(

        "ParamName=fligthno",

        "LB=outboundFlight value=",

        "RB=;",

        "Ordinal=all",

        SEARCH_FILTERS,

        LAST);

    //这是票价的关联函数

    web_reg_save_param_ex(

        "ParamName=fligthcost",

        "LB=center>$",

        "RB=</TD>",

        "Ordinal=all",

        SEARCH_FILTERS,

        LAST);

/*设置一个标记flag来保存票价*/

    //初始化最贵机票，将第一个航班的机票设置为初始化的最贵的机票

    max = atoi(lr_eval_string ("{wcsparam_text1_1}"));

    //初始化标识位，默认设置为1

    flagno=;

    //for循环所有机票

    for (i=;i<=atoi(lr_eval_string ("{wcsparam_text1_count}"));i++) {

        sprintf(cost,"{wcsparam_text1_%d}",i);

    //比较最前航班的机票是否大于max的值，如果大于max的值，即重新对max赋值

            if(atoi(lr_eval_string (cost))>max){

                max=atoi(lr_eval_string (cost));

                flagno=i;

            }

    }

/*找到最便宜的机票后，可以得到该数组的下标，那这个数组的下标所对应的航班就是票价最便宜的航班，获取航班号的代码如下：*/

    //通过标识位来确定航班

    sprintf(flightelem,

            "{wcsparam_text2_%d}",

            flagno);

    lr_save_string (lr_eval_string (flightelem),

                    "fligthno");

    web_submit_data("reservations.pl_2",

        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",

        "Method=POST",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome",

        "Snapshot=t25.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        ITEMDATA,

        "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,

        "Name=depart", "Value=Denver", ENDITEM,

        "Name=departDate", "Value=04/11/2017", ENDITEM,

        "Name=arrive", "Value=London", ENDITEM,

        "Name=returnDate", "Value=04/12/2017", ENDITEM,

        "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,

        "Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,

        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=roundtrip", ENDITEM,

        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatType", ENDITEM,

        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatPref", ENDITEM,

        "Name=findFlights.x", "Value=48", ENDITEM,

        "Name=findFlights.y", "Value=10", ENDITEM,

        LAST);

    lr_think_time();

/*获得最便宜的票价和航班后，即将这两部分的信息放入到提交的信息中，作为客户端的请求进行提交即可，具体代码如下*/

    web_submit_data("reservations.pl_3",

        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",

        "Method=POST",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",

        "Snapshot=t26.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        ITEMDATA,

        //"Name=outboundFlight", "Value=023;519;04/11/2017", ENDITEM,

        "Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};04/11/2017", ENDITEM,

        "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,

        "Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,

        "Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,

        "Name=reserveFlights.x", "Value=43", ENDITEM,

        "Name=reserveFlights.y", "Value=6", ENDITEM,

        LAST);

    web_submit_data("reservations.pl_4",

        "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",

        "Method=POST",

        "RecContentType=text/html",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",

        "Snapshot=t27.inf",

        "Mode=HTTP",

        ITEMDATA,

        "Name=firstName", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=lastName", "Value=test1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=address1", "Value=", ENDITEM,

        "Name=address2", "Value=", ENDITEM,

        "Name=pass1", "Value=test1 test1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=creditCard", "Value=", ENDITEM,

        "Name=expDate", "Value=", ENDITEM,

        "Name=oldCCOption", "Value=", ENDITEM,

        "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM,

        "Name=seatType", "Value=First", ENDITEM,

        "Name=seatPref", "Value=Window", ENDITEM,

        //"Name=outboundFlight", "Value=023;519;04/11/2017", ENDITEM,

        "Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};04/11/2017", ENDITEM,

        "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM,

        "Name=returnFlight", "Value=", ENDITEM,

        "Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM,

        "Name=.cgifields", "Value=saveCC", ENDITEM,

        "Name=buyFlights.x", "Value=48", ENDITEM,

        "Name=buyFlights.y", "Value=6", ENDITEM,

        LAST);

    web_url("bookanother.gif",

        "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/bookanother.gif",

        "Resource=1",

        "RecContentType=image/gif",

        "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl",

        "Snapshot=t28.inf",

        LAST);

    lr_end_transaction("订票", LR_AUTO);

return ;

}

附上航班信息源码：

<!DOCTYPE html

    PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">

<head>

<title>Flight Selections</title>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />

</head>

<body bgcolor="#E0E7F1">

<style>blockquote {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt}H1 {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 22pt; color: #}small {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 8pt}H3 {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt; color: black}TD {font-family: tahoma; font-size : 10pt; color: black}</style><BR><BR><h1><font color=#>&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>Find Flight</font></b></h1><blockquote>

<form method="post" action="reservations.pl" enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">

<center>

<!-- From Denver () To London () -->

<table cellspacing= border= width=%>

<blockquote>Flight departing from <B>Denver</B> to <B>London</B> on <B>//</B><BR><BR><tr bgcolor=#5E7884><td align=center><font color=white><B>Flight</B></font>

              <td align=center><font color=white><B>Departure time</B>

              <td align=center><font color=white><B>Cost</B>

//从下面可以看出航班（020、021...）的      左边界是 outboundFlight value=               右边界是  ;

//              票价（$ 635、$ 565...）的  左边界是 center>$                            右边界是  </TD>

<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>

    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;// checked >Blue Sky Air <td align=center>8am<td align=center>$ </TD>

</TR>

<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>

    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>1pm<td align=center>$ </TD>

</TR>

<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>

    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>5pm<td align=center>$ </TD>

</TR>

<tr bgcolor=#EFF2F7>

    <td align=center><input type = radio name=outboundFlight value=;;//>Blue Sky Air <td align=center>11pm<td align=center>$ </TD>

</TR>

</table>

<input type="hidden" name="numPassengers" value=""  /><input type="hidden" name="advanceDiscount" value=""  /><input type="hidden" name="seatType" value="First"  /><input type="hidden" name="seatPref" value="Window"  />

<P><center><table width=% cellspacing=><tr><td align=center>

<input type="image" name="reserveFlights" src="/WebTours/images/button_next.gif" border="" />

<td>&nbsp;<td align=center></table></center></form></center>

</blockquote>

</body>

</html>

航班信息

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