linux centos7 安装虚拟Python环境，pyenv安装文档

时间：2021-02-14 08:55:57

python多版本控制pyenv安装文档

1.在线安装：

[root@enofyw tools]# curl -L https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/raw/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash

  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current

                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed

100   148  100   148    0     0     20      0  0:00:07  0:00:07 --:--:--    32

100  2454  100  2454    0     0     30      0  0:01:21  0:01:21 --:--:--   709

正克隆到 '/root/.pyenv'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 647, done.

remote: Counting objects: 100% (647/647), done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (490/490), done.

remote: Total 647 (delta 318), reused 246 (delta 66), pack-reused 0

接收对象中: 100% (647/647), 372.99 KiB | 47.00 KiB/s, done.

处理 delta 中: 100% (318/318), done.

正克隆到 '/root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-doctor'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 11, done.

remote: Counting objects: 100% (11/11), done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (9/9), done.

remote: Total 11 (delta 1), reused 4 (delta 0), pack-reused 0

Unpacking objects: 100% (11/11), done.

正克隆到 '/root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-installer'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 16, done.

remote: Counting objects: 100% (16/16), done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (13/13), done.

remote: Total 16 (delta 1), reused 9 (delta 0), pack-reused 0

Unpacking objects: 100% (16/16), done.

正克隆到 '/root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-update'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 10, done.

remote: Counting objects: 100% (10/10), done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.

remote: Total 10 (delta 1), reused 6 (delta 0), pack-reused 0

Unpacking objects: 100% (10/10), done.

正克隆到 '/root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 57, done.

remote: Counting objects: 100% (57/57), done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (51/51), done.

remote: Total 57 (delta 11), reused 21 (delta 0), pack-reused 0

Unpacking objects: 100% (57/57), done.

正克隆到 '/root/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-which-ext'...

remote: Enumerating objects: 10, done.

remote: Counting objects: 100% (10/10), done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.

remote: Total 10 (delta 1), reused 6 (delta 0), pack-reused 0

Unpacking objects: 100% (10/10), done.

WARNING: seems you still have not added 'pyenv' to the load path.

Load pyenv automatically by adding

the following to ~/.bashrc:

export PATH="/root/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"

eval "$(pyenv init -)"

eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

[root@enofyw tools]#

  • 将最后提示的加入到环境变量中。

    vi /etc/profile 或者当前用户的 vi ~/.bashrc

    export PATH="/root/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
    
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
    
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

    source /etc/profile source ~/.bashrc

  • 输入 pyenv -v --查看pyenv版本

    [root@enofyw tools]# pyenv -v
    
pyenv 1.2.13

  • 查看当前python版本

    pyenv versions

  • 查看可以安装的python版本

    pyenv install --list

  • 查看当前使用的python版本

    pyenv version

  • 安装python版本

    pyenv install -v3.6.5

  • 离线安装python版本方法

    在.pyenv目录下创建cache文件件，

    正常安装时，会提示下载地址

    [root@devops ~]# pyenv install -v 3.7.2
    
/tmp/python-build.20190821171919.62788 ~
    
Downloading Python-3.7.2.tar.xz...
    
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

    进入cache文件夹下，先wget 下载到本地，在执行install安装

    wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

  • 卸载python

    pyenv uninstall 3.6.5

  • 切换python版本

    pyenv global 3.6.7

查看是否切换成功

python -V

python 3.6.7

如果切换不成功

这种情况一般是因为用pyenv指定了local版本。

解决方法：

取消设置local版本：pyenv local --unset

安装python3.7版本 需先安装系统依赖包

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel libffi-devel gcc make

创建虚拟python环境

  • 创建虚拟的python环境需要pyenv-virtualenv的插件，试着pyenv virtual补全一下，如果存在无需安装

    如果不存在，执行如下操作

    git clone https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv-virtualenv.git ~/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv
    
echo ‘eval “$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)”’ >> ~/.bash_profile
    
source ~/.bash_profile

  • 创建虚拟环境

    pyenv virtualenv 3.6.5 env365

    这是创建了一个名为env365的python虚拟环境，这个环境的目录位于：~/.pyenv/versions/

  • 查看

  • 使用虚拟环境

    • pyenv activate env365

    • python 看当前python版本

    • [root@enofyw ~]# pyenv activate venv365
      
pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure `export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.
      
(venv365) [root@enofyw ~]# python
      
Python 3.6.5 (default, Aug 19 2019, 14:39:19)
      
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-4)] on linux
      
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

  • 退出虚拟环境

    • pyenv deactivate

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