从WeUI学习到的知识点

WeUI是微信Web服务开发的UI套件, 目前包含12个模块 (Button, Cell, Toast, Dialog, Progress, Msg, Article, ActionSheet, Icons, Panel, Tab, SearchBar).

Demo页面: https://weui.io

Github页面: https://github.com/weui/weui

下面讲一讲我从WeUI中学到的CSS技巧.

Button

从这里我开始注意到, WeUI的实现中, 很多边框都是用:before, :after绘制的.

.weui_btn:after {

    content: " ";

    width: 200%;

    height: 200%;

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);

    -webkit-transform: scale(0.5);

    transform: scale(0.5);

    -webkit-transform-origin: 0 0;

    transform-origin: 0 0;

    box-sizing: border-box;

    border-radius: 10px;

}

这么做是为了在Retina屏(视网膜屏)上确保1px真的是1pixel. 详见Retina屏的移动设备如何实现真正1px的线？

Cell

weui_cell

.weui_cell {

    padding: 10px 15px;

    position: relative;

    display: -webkit-box;

    display: -webkit-flex;

    display: -ms-flexbox;

    display: flex;

    -webkit-box-align: center;

    -webkit-align-items: center;

    -ms-flex-align: center;

    align-items: center;

}

看到这里发现WeUI大量使用了flex布局方式. 对这个布局方式我整理了另一篇文章, 见这里.

Cell (列表项)

WeUI

之前一直比较困惑如何实现列表项之间的, 左边有些空缺的边框. border属性又不支持只显示一条边上的一部分, 难道要插入<hr>?

WeUI的实现方式是: 利用.weui_cells:before.

.weui_cell:before {

    content: " ";

    position: absolute;

    left: 15px;

    top: 0;

    width: 100%;

    height: 1px;

    border-top: 1px solid #D9D9D9;

    color: #D9D9D9;

    -webkit-transform-origin: 0 0;

    transform-origin: 0 0;

    -webkit-transform: scaleY(0.5);

    transform: scaleY(0.5);

}

left: 15px(左边的空缺)配合上.weui_cells_title的overflow: hidden(隐藏右边超出的部分)就可以显示有空缺的边框了.

列表项末尾的右箭头的实现方式竟然是weui_cell_ft::after的旋转了45度的border. 我本以为会用iconfont.

.weui_cells_access .weui_cell_ft:after {

    content: " ";

    display: inline-block;

    -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);

    transform: rotate(45deg);

    height: 6px;

    width: 6px;

    border-width: 2px 2px 0 0;

    border-color: #C8C8CD;

    border-style: solid;

    position: relative;

    top: -2px;

    top: -1px;

    margin-left: .3em;

}

Radio (单选列表项)

WeUI

在每个行内部嵌入了一个隐藏的

<input type="radio" class="weui_check" name="radio1">

隐藏的方式是:

.weui_check {

    position: absolute;

    left: -9999em;

}

在每个input.weui_check的后面放置了一个用于显示对勾的span. input.weui_check和.weui_icon_checked是兄弟关系.

<span class="weui_icon_checked"></span>

.weui_cells_radio .weui_check:checked + .weui_icon_checked:before {

    display: block;

    content: '\EA08';

    color: #09BB07;

    font-size: 16px;

}

Checkbox (复选列表项)

WeUI

复选框如上面的单选框一样被隐藏了.

<input type="checkbox" class="weui_check" name="checkbox1">

比较出乎我意料的是选中和未被选中的效果都是用iconfont实现的. 本以为未被选中的效果是用border实现, 选中效果用一个check的iconfont配合水平竖直居中定位.

/* 选中效果 */

.weui_cells_checkbox .weui_check:checked + .weui_icon_checked:before {

    content: '\EA06';

    color: #09BB07;

}

/* 未选中效果 */

.weui_cells_checkbox .weui_icon_checked:before {

    content: '\EA01';

    color: #C9C9C9;

    font-size: 23px;

    display: block;

}

Switch (开关)

WeUI

<input class="weui_switch" type="checkbox">

之前觉得这个效果很难做啊, 看了weui的实现竟然只用css就行了!

.weui_switch {

  -webkit-appearance: none;

  -moz-appearance: none;

  appearance: none;

  position: relative;

  width: 52px;

  height: 32px;

  border: 1px solid #DFDFDF;

  outline: 0;

  border-radius: 16px;

  box-sizing: border-box;

  background: #DFDFDF;

}

.weui_switch:checked {

  border-color: #04BE02;

  background-color: #04BE02;

}

.weui_switch:before {

  content: " ";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: 0;

  width: 50px;

  height: 30px;

  border-radius: 15px;

  border-top-left-radius: 15px;

  border-top-right-radius: 15px;

  border-bottom-right-radius: 15px;

  border-bottom-left-radius: 15px;

  background-color: #FDFDFD;

  -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform .3s;

  transition: -webkit-transform .3s;

  transition: transform .3s;

  transition: transform .3s, -webkit-transform .3s;

}

.weui_switch:checked:before {

  -webkit-transform: scale(0);

  transform: scale(0);

}

.weui_switch:after {

  content: " ";

  position: absolute;

  top: 0;

  left: 0;

  width: 30px;

  height: 30px;

  border-radius: 15px;

  background-color: #FFFFFF;

  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);

  -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform .3s;

  transition: -webkit-transform .3s;

  transition: transform .3s;

  transition: transform .3s, -webkit-transform .3s;

}

.weui_switch:checked:after {

  -webkit-transform: translateX(20px);

  transform: translateX(20px);

}

其中, .weui_switch提供了边框, 未选中时背景色#DFDFDF(深灰), 选中时#04BE02(绿色).

.weui_switch:before提供了边框内部的浅灰色#FDFDFD. 被选中时scale(0)缩小消失.

.weui_switch:after提供了圆形按键. 被选中时向右边移动20px.

效果如下:

Form (表单)

WeUI

<input class="weui_input" type="number" pattern="[0-9]*" placeholder="请输入qq号">

input的pattern="[0-9]*限制了输入只能是0-9的数字(pattern的值是正则表达式).

input[type="number"]在Chrome上默认会在最右边显示上下箭头. WeUI通过下面的代码禁用了箭头, 这段代码在Chrome的Dev Tool里面是看不到的, 只能从CSS里面看, 害我找了半天.

.weui_input::-webkit-outer-spin-button,

.weui_input::-webkit-inner-spin-button {

  -webkit-appearance: none;

  margin: 0;

}

相关: 如何隐藏数字输入框的上下箭头?

点选input[type="number"]在iOS上会自动打开数字键盘.

Upload (上传)

WeUI

WeUI用下面这个简单的方法实现了图片前面的灰层. absolute定位加上top:0; right:0; bottom:0; left:0;就会让元素被抻开到父元素的边界.

.weui_uploader_status:before {

    content: " ";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    right: 0;

    bottom: 0;

    left: 0;

    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);

}

图片上传状态用了一个经典的(水平+垂直)居中方式, 利用top: 50%(让元素的上边界定位到父元素的50%位置)和transform: translateY(-50%)(让元素往上移动元素自身高度的50%).

.weui_uploader_status .weui_uploader_status_content {

    position: absolute;

    top: 50%;

    left: 50%;

    -webkit-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);

    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);

    color: #FFFFFF;

}

我平时常用的垂直居中方式如下. 水平居中类似.

.vertical-center {

  position: relative;

  top: 50%;

  transform: translateY(-50%);

}

最后的上传按钮:

<div class="weui_uploader_input_wrp">

    <input class="weui_uploader_input" type="file" accept="image/jpg,image/jpeg,image/png,image/gif" multiple="">

</div>

input[type="file"]在iOS上会自动触发选择"拍照"还是"照片"的菜单.

方框是用.weui_uploader_input_wrp画出来的, 而加号是用.weui_uploader_input_wrp:before和:after.

真正的input利用opacity:0隐藏起来了.

.weui_uploader_input_wrp:before {

    width: 2px;

    height: 39.5px;

}

.weui_uploader_input_wrp:after {

    width: 39.5px;

    height: 2px;

}

.weui_uploader_input_wrp:before,

.weui_uploader_input_wrp:after {

    content: " ";

    position: absolute;

    top: 50%;

    left: 50%;

    -webkit-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);

    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);

    background-color: #D9D9D9;

}

.weui_uploader_input {

    position: absolute;

    z-index: 1;

    top: 0;

    left: 0;

    width: 100%;

    height: 100%;

    opacity: 0;

    -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);

}

Form Error (表单报错)

WeUI

<input class="weui_input" type="date" value="">

<input class="weui_input" type="datetime-local" value="" placeholder="">

在iOS上, 点选input[type="date"]会出现"年-月-日"的选择框, 点选input[type="datetime-local"]会出现"月-日-上午/下午-时-分"的选择框.

Select (选择)

WeUI

电话号码+86位置的右箭头和分割线是用:before和:after绘制的.

Toast

WeUI

<div id="toast" style="display:none">

    <div class="weui_mask_transparent"></div>

    <div class="weui_toast">

        <i class="weui_icon_toast"></i>

        <p class="weui_toast_content">已完成</p>

    </div>

</div>

.weui_mask_transparent就是一个position:fixed占满全屏的透明幕布, 让用户无法操作界面.

.weui_toast才是页面中间的黑块.

WeUI

竟然是纯用HTML+CSS(animation+transition)实现的.

<div id="loadingToast" class="weui_loading_toast" style="/* display: none; */">

    <div class="weui_mask_transparent"></div>

    <div class="weui_toast">

        <div class="weui_loading">

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_0"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_1"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_2"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_3"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_4"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_5"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_6"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_7"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_8"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_9"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_10"></div>

            <div class="weui_loading_leaf weui_loading_leaf_11"></div>

        </div>

        <p class="weui_toast_content">数据加载中</p>

    </div>

</div>

.weui_loading_leaf {

  position: absolute;

  top: -1px;

  opacity: 0.25;

}

.weui_loading_leaf:before {

  content: " ";

  position: absolute;

  width: 8.14px;

  height: 3.08px;

  background: #d1d1d5;

  box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0980392) 0px 0px 1px;

  border-radius: 1px;

  -webkit-transform-origin: left 50% 0px;

          transform-origin: left 50% 0px;

}

.weui_loading_leaf_0 {

  -webkit-animation: opacity-60-25-0-12 1.25s linear infinite;

          animation: opacity-60-25-0-12 1.25s linear infinite;

}

.weui_loading_leaf_0:before {

  -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);

          transform: rotate(0deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);

}

/* ... */

.weui_loading_leaf_11 {

  -webkit-animation: opacity-60-25-11-12 1.25s linear infinite;

          animation: opacity-60-25-11-12 1.25s linear infinite;

}

.weui_loading_leaf_11:before {

  -webkit-transform: rotate(330deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);

          transform: rotate(330deg) translate(7.92px, 0px);

}

@-webkit-keyframes opacity-60-25-0-12 {

  0% {

    opacity: 0.25;

  }

  0.01% {

    opacity: 0.25;

  }

  0.02% {

    opacity: 1;

  }

  60.01% {

    opacity: 0.25;

  }

  100% {

    opacity: 0.25;

  }

}

/* ... */

@-webkit-keyframes opacity-60-25-11-12 {

  0% {

    opacity: 0.895958333333333;

  }

  91.6767% {

    opacity: 0.25;

  }

  91.6867% {

    opacity: 1;

  }

  51.6767% {

    opacity: 0.25;

  }

  100% {

    opacity: 0.895958333333333;

  }

}

4. Dialog

WeUI

<div class="weui_dialog_confirm" id="dialog1">

    <div class="weui_mask"></div>

    <div class="weui_dialog">

        <div class="weui_dialog_hd"><strong class="weui_dialog_title">弹窗标题</strong></div>

        <div class="weui_dialog_bd">自定义弹窗内容，居左对齐显示，告知需要确认的信息等</div>

        <div class="weui_dialog_ft">

            <a href="javascript:;" class="weui_btn_dialog default">取消</a>

            <a href="javascript:;" class="weui_btn_dialog primary">确定</a>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

你能看到的边框都是用:after实现的.

5. Progress

WeUI

略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

6. Msg

WeUI

略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

7. Article

WeUI

略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

8. ActionSheet

WeUI

<div id="actionSheet_wrap">

    <div class="weui_mask_transition" id="mask" style="display: none;"></div>

    <div class="weui_actionsheet" id="weui_actionsheet">

        <div class="weui_actionsheet_menu">

            <div class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</div>

            <div class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</div>

            <div class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</div>

            <div class="weui_actionsheet_cell">示例菜单</div>

        </div>

        <div class="weui_actionsheet_action">

            <div class="weui_actionsheet_cell" id="actionsheet_cancel">取消</div>

        </div>

    </div>

</div>

值得一提的是, 页面下方的ActionSheet始终是显示的, 只不过平时通过transform: translateY(100%)隐藏了起来, 显示时用translateY(0). 这方法无需JS就可以自适应任意高度的ActionSheet.

.weui_actionsheet {

    position: fixed;

    left: 0;

    bottom: 0;

    -webkit-transform: translate(0, 100%);

    transform: translate(0, 100%);

    -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;

    backface-visibility: hidden;

    z-index: 2;

    width: 100%;

    background-color: #EFEFF4;

    -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform .3s;

    transition: -webkit-transform .3s;

    transition: transform .3s;

    transition: transform .3s, -webkit-transform .3s;

}

.weui_actionsheet_toggle {

    -webkit-transform: translate(0, 0);

    transform: translate(0, 0);

}

9. Icons

WeUI

一堆iconfont. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

10. Panel

WeUI

略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

11. Tab

Navbar:

WeUI

TabBar:

WeUI

略. ( *・ω・)✄╰ひ╯

12. SearchBar

无焦点状态:

WeUI

有焦点状态:

WeUI

<div class="weui_search_bar weui_search_focusing" id="search_bar">

    <form class="weui_search_outer">

        <!-- 搜索框有焦点时的搜索图标, 搜索框和清空按钮 -->

        <div class="weui_search_inner">

            <i class="weui_icon_search"></i>

            <input type="search" class="weui_search_input" id="search_input" placeholder="搜索" required="">

            <a href="javascript:" class="weui_icon_clear" id="search_clear"></a>

        </div>

        <!-- 搜索框没有焦点时的显示 -->

        <label for="search_input" class="weui_search_text" id="search_text">

            <i class="weui_icon_search"></i>

            <span>搜索</span>

        </label>

    </form>

    <!-- 搜索框有焦点时的取消键 -->

    <a href="javascript:" class="weui_search_cancel" id="search_cancel">取消</a>

</div>

这里我最好奇的是, 当用户点击搜索框时, 弹出的键盘上右下角的按键是"搜索"而不是"换行".

我测试的效果是, 在微信中点击搜索框时键盘显示"搜索"按键, 在Safari中打开时则显示"换行".

这就很诡异了, 说明微信做了什么手脚. 难道与JS有关?

但是我在网上搜索了下, 发现只要确保input[type="search"]被form包围, 且form有action属性即可. 示例:

<form action="">

  <input type="search" name="search" placeholder="search">

</form>

但是WeUI的实现中, form并没有action属性, 所以暂时不知道WeUI是如何做的.

相关: 如何让搜索框的键盘显示搜索按键?

参考

H5项目常见问题汇总及解决方案
 html5手机常见问题与工具分享
 A very simple router for the demo of WeUI

秒客网

WeUI

从WeUI学习到的知识点

Button

Cell

weui_cell

Cell (列表项)

Radio (单选列表项)

Checkbox (复选列表项)

Switch (开关)

Form (表单)

Upload (上传)

Form Error (表单报错)

Select (选择)

Toast

4. Dialog

5. Progress

6. Msg

7. Article

8. ActionSheet

9. Icons

10. Panel

11. Tab

12. SearchBar

参考

相关文章