发送Https请求(Java)

时间:2021-06-19 21:10:52

可以用来发送Https 的Get 请求 与 Post请求的一个Java类

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManager;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;


public class HttpsRequest {


/** * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求,默认编码UTF-8 * * @param url * 发送请求的URL * @param param * 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果 */
public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
return sendGet(url, param, "utf-8");
}

/** * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求 * * @param url * 发送请求的URL * @param param * 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 * @param charset * 网页编码 * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果 */
public static String sendGet(String url, String param,String charSet) {
String result = "";
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
ctx.init(new KeyManager[0],
new TrustManager[] { new DefaultTrustManager() },
new SecureRandom());
SSLContext.setDefault(ctx);

String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
HttpsURLConnection connection = (HttpsURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

connection.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {

@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
});
// 建立实际的连接
connection.connect();
// 获取所有响应头字段
Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
// 遍历所有的响应头字段
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
//System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
}
// 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
connection.getInputStream(),charSet));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常!" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 使用finally块来关闭输入流
finally {
try {
if (in != null) {
in.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}


/** * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求,默认编码UTF-8 * * @param url * 发送请求的 URL * @param param * 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果 */
public static String sendPost(String url, String param){
return sendPost(url, param, "utf-8");
}

/** * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求 * * @param url * 发送请求的 URL * @param param * 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 * @param charSet * 网页编码 * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果 */
public static String sendPost(String url, String param , String charSet) {
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
ctx.init(new KeyManager[0],
new TrustManager[] { new DefaultTrustManager() },
new SecureRandom());
SSLContext.setDefault(ctx);


URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);

conn.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {

@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
});

// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
// 发送请求参数
out.print(param);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(),charSet));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常!"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}



private static class DefaultTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1)
throws CertificateException {
}

@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1)
throws CertificateException {
}

@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}

}

}

调用方式 
发送post请求,不指定编码,默认使用UTF-8

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
System.out.println(HttpsRequest.sendPost("https://www.baidu.com/", ""));
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

也可以指定编码

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
System.out.println(HttpsRequest.sendPost("https://www.baidu.com/", "","gbk"));
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

发送get请求类似