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quartz_Cron表达式一分钟教程

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定时任务Quartz_之_cron表达式（时间表达式）

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Quartz-基础

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08-28
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Quartz_Cron表达式_每周、每月执行一次

09-04
得到quartz中Job的执行状态

11-09
quartz定时:修改时间及时生效的定时任务

08-16
Quartz任务调度的Cron表达式

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cron表达式（Quartz中的使用）

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quartz任务停止最佳实践方式

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Quartz_Cron表达式（定时任务）

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java时间操作

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TimeUtil工具类

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随机生成日期

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quartz2.x的动态管理类

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去除节假日，周末，获取当月的工作日

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逐页缓存查询（串行，避免OOM）导出Excel，zip压缩

07-31

原

Quartz动态添加，修改，删除任务(暂停，任务状态，恢复，最近触发时间)

2018年05月25日 11:16:07 loveLifeLoveCoding 阅读数：2192

本案例采用quartz-2.2.3.jar

入门案例，执行比较简单的任务

QuartzManager.java (任务的管理)

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.Trigger.TriggerState;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.TriggerKey;
import org.quartz.TriggerUtils;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.impl.triggers.CronTriggerImpl;
public class QuartzManager {
private static SchedulerFactory gSchedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
private static String JOB_GROUP_NAME = "MY_JOBGROUP_NAME";
private static String TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME = "MY_TRIGGERGROUP_NAME";
/**
* @Description: 添加一个定时任务，使用默认的任务组名，触发器名，触发器组名
* @param jobName
* 任务名
* @param cls
* 任务
* @param time
* 时间设置，参考quartz说明文档
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
public static void addJob(String jobName, Class cls, String cron) {
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(cls).withIdentity(jobName, JOB_GROUP_NAME).build();
// 表达式调度构建器
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron);
// 按新的cronExpression表达式构建一个新的trigger
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME)
.withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
// 交给scheduler去调度
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
// 启动
if (!sched.isShutdown()) {
sched.start();
System.err.println("添加任务:"+jobName);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description: 添加一个定时任务
* @param jobName
* 任务名
* @param jobGroupName
* 任务组名
* @param triggerName
* 触发器名
* @param triggerGroupName
* 触发器组名
* @param jobClass
* 任务
* @param time
* 时间设置，参考quartz说明文档
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
public static void addJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName, String triggerName, String triggerGroupName,
Class jobClass, String cron) {
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).build();
// 表达式调度构建器
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron);
// 按新的cronExpression表达式构建一个新的trigger
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(triggerName, triggerGroupName)
.withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
// 启动
if (!sched.isShutdown()) {
sched.start();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description: 修改一个任务的触发时间(使用默认的任务组名，触发器名，触发器组名)
* @param jobName
* @param time
*/
public static void modifyJobTime(String jobName, String cron) {
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) sched.getTrigger(triggerKey);
if (trigger == null) {
return;
}
String oldTime = trigger.getCronExpression();
if (!oldTime.equalsIgnoreCase(cron)) {
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron);
// 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建trigger
trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
// 按新的trigger重新设置job执行
sched.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description:修改任务，（可以修改任务名，任务类，触发时间）
* 原理：移除原来的任务，添加新的任务
* @param oldJobName ：原任务名
* @param jobName
* @param jobclass
* @param cron
* @date 2018年5月23日上午9:13:10
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
public static void modifyJob(String oldJobName, String jobName, Class jobclass, String cron) {
/*
* removeJob(oldJobName);
* addJob(jobName, jobclass, cron);
* System.err.println("修改任务"+oldJobName);
*/
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(oldJobName, TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME);
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(oldJobName, JOB_GROUP_NAME);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) sched.getTrigger(triggerKey);
if (trigger == null) {
return;
}
sched.pauseTrigger(triggerKey);// 停止触发器
sched.unscheduleJob(triggerKey);// 移除触发器
sched.deleteJob(jobKey);// 删除任务
System.err.println("移除任务:" + oldJobName);
JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(jobclass).withIdentity(jobName, JOB_GROUP_NAME).build();
// 表达式调度构建器
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron);
// 按新的cronExpression表达式构建一个新的trigger
Trigger newTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME)
.withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
// 交给scheduler去调度
sched.scheduleJob(job, newTrigger);
// 启动
if (!sched.isShutdown()) {
sched.start();
System.err.println("添加新任务:" + jobName);
}
System.err.println("修改任务【" + oldJobName + "】为:" + jobName);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description: 修改一个任务的触发时间
* @param triggerName
* @param triggerGroupName
* @param time
*/
public static void modifyJobTime(String triggerName, String triggerGroupName, String cron) {
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(triggerName, triggerGroupName);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) sched.getTrigger(triggerKey);
if (trigger == null) {
return;
}
String oldTime = trigger.getCronExpression();
if (!oldTime.equalsIgnoreCase(cron)) {
// trigger已存在，则更新相应的定时设置
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron);
// 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建trigger
trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
// 按新的trigger重新设置job执行
sched.resumeTrigger(triggerKey);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description 移除一个任务(使用默认的任务组名，触发器名，触发器组名)
* @param jobName
*/
public static void removeJob(String jobName) {
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME);
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, JOB_GROUP_NAME);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger) sched.getTrigger(triggerKey);
if (trigger == null) {
return;
}
sched.pauseTrigger(triggerKey);// 停止触发器
sched.unscheduleJob(triggerKey);// 移除触发器
sched.deleteJob(jobKey);// 删除任务
System.err.println("移除任务:"+jobName);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description: 移除一个任务
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
* @param triggerName
* @param triggerGroupName
*/
public static void removeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName, String triggerName, String triggerGroupName) {
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, triggerGroupName);
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.pauseTrigger(triggerKey);// 停止触发器
sched.unscheduleJob(triggerKey);// 移除触发器
sched.deleteJob(jobKey);// 删除任务
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description:暂停一个任务(使用默认组名)
* @param jobName
*/
public static void pauseJob(String jobName) {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, JOB_GROUP_NAME);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.pauseJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @Description:暂停一个任务
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
*/
public static void pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.pauseJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @Description:恢复一个任务(使用默认组名)
* @param jobName
*/
public static void resumeJob(String jobName) {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, JOB_GROUP_NAME);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.resumeJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @Description:恢复一个任务
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
* @date 2018年5月17日上午9:56:09
*/
public static void resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.resumeJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @Description:启动所有定时任务
*/
public static void startJobs() {
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.start();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description 关闭所有定时任务
*/
public static void shutdownJobs() {
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
if (!sched.isShutdown()) {
sched.shutdown();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* @Description: 立即运行任务，这里的立即运行，只会运行一次，方便测试时用。
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
* @date 2018年5月17日上午10:03:26
*/
public static void triggerJob(String jobName) {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, JOB_GROUP_NAME);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.triggerJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @Description: 立即运行任务，这里的立即运行，只会运行一次，方便测试时用。
* @param jobName
* @param jobGroupName
* @date 2018年5月17日上午10:03:26
*/
public static void triggerJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {
JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
sched.triggerJob(jobKey);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @Description: 获取任务状态
* NONE: 不存在
* NORMAL: 正常
* PAUSED: 暂停
* COMPLETE:完成
* ERROR : 错误
* BLOCKED : 阻塞
* @param jobName 触发器名
* @date 2018年5月21日下午2:13:45
*/
public static String getTriggerState(String jobName){
TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, TRIGGER_GROUP_NAME);
String name = null;
try {
Scheduler sched = gSchedulerFactory.getScheduler();
TriggerState triggerState = sched.getTriggerState(triggerKey);
name = triggerState.name();
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return name;
}
/**
* @Description:获取最近8次执行时间
* @param cron
* @date 2018年5月24日下午5:13:03
*/
public static List<String> getRecentTriggerTime(String cron) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
try {
CronTriggerImpl cronTriggerImpl = new CronTriggerImpl();
cronTriggerImpl.setCronExpression(cron);
// 这个是重点，一行代码搞定
List<Date> dates = TriggerUtils.computeFireTimes(cronTriggerImpl, null, 8);
SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
for (Date date : dates) {
list.add(dateFormat.format(date));
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
}

MyJob.java 执行的任务

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @Description:
* @date 2018年5月16日
*/
public class MyJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
System.err.println("任务运行开始-------- start --------");
try {
String jobName = context.getJobDetail().getKey().getName();
String jobGroup = context.getJobDetail().getKey().getGroup();
String triggerName = context.getTrigger().getKey().getName();
String triggerGroup = context.getTrigger().getKey().getGroup();
SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分ss秒");
System.err.println("触发器Key:" + triggerName + ".." + triggerGroup + " 正在执行...");
System.err.println("任务Key:" + jobName + ".." + jobGroup + " 正在执行，执行时间: "
+ dateFormat.format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()));
}catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("捕获异常==="+e);
}
System.err.println("任务运行结束-------- end --------");
}
}

测试类 LoadTask.java

public class LoadTask {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.err.println("【系统启动】");
String corn = "0/5 * * * * ?";
//QuartzManager.addJob("job1", "jobGooup", "trigger1", "triggerGroup", MyJob.class, corn);
QuartzManager.addJob("job1", MyJob.class, corn);
System.err.println("添加任务一");
QuartzManager.getTriggerState("jobs");
//睡眠一分钟
try {
Thread.sleep(60L * 1000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
QuartzManager.modifyJobTime("job1", "0/3 * * * * ?");
System.out.println("修改触发时间");
try {
Thread.sleep(15L * 1000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
QuartzManager.removeJob("job1");
//QuartzManager.removeJob("job1", "jobGooup", "trigger1", "triggerGroup");
System.out.println("删除任务");
try {
Thread.sleep(5L * 1000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("【添加定时任务】");
QuartzManager.addJob("job1", MyJob.class, corn);
//QuartzManager.shutdownJobs();
//System.out.println("停止所有任务");
try {
Thread.sleep(5L * 1000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("【暂停定时任务】");
QuartzManager.pauseJob("job1");
System.out.println("【立即运行一次】");
QuartzManager.triggerJob("job1");
try {
Thread.sleep(5L * 1000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("【恢复定时任务】");
QuartzManager.resumeJob("job1");
try {
Thread.sleep(5L * 1000L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
QuartzManager.shutdownJobs();
}
}