Java多线程——Lock&Condition

时间:2023-03-08 16:53:09

Lock比传统线程模型中的synchronized方式更加面向对象,与生活中的锁类似,锁本身也应该是一个对象。两个线程执行的代码片段要实现同步互斥的效果,它们必须用同一个Lock对象。

package java_thread;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class LockTest { /**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
new LockTest().init();
} private void init(){
final Outputer outputer = new Outputer();
new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
outputer.output("zhangxiaoxiang");
} }
}).start(); new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
outputer.output("lihuoming");
} }
}).start(); } static class Outputer{
Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public void output(String name){
int len = name.length();
lock.lock();
try{
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
System.out.print(name.charAt(i));
}
System.out.println();
}finally{
lock.unlock();
}
} public synchronized void output2(String name){
int len = name.length();
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
System.out.print(name.charAt(i));
}
System.out.println();
} public static synchronized void output3(String name){
int len = name.length();
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
System.out.print(name.charAt(i));
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

Java多线程——Lock&Condition

读写锁:分为读锁写锁多个读锁不互斥读锁与写锁互斥,这是由jvm自己控制的,你只要上好相应的锁即可。如果你的代码只读数据,可以很多人同时读,但不能同时写,那就上读锁;如果你的代码修改数据,只能有一个人在写,且不能同时读取,那就上写锁。总之,读的时候上读锁,写的时候上写锁

package java_thread;

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock; public class ReadWriteLockTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Queue3 q3 = new Queue3();
for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
{
new Thread(){
public void run(){
while(true){
q3.get();
}
} }.start(); new Thread(){
public void run(){
while(true){
q3.put(new Random().nextInt(10000));
}
} }.start();
} }
} class Queue3{
private Object data = null;//共享数据,只能有一个线程能写该数据,但可以有多个线程同时读该数据。
ReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
public void get(){
rwl.readLock().lock();
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " be ready to read data!");
Thread.sleep((long)(Math.random()*1000));
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "have read data :" + data);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
rwl.readLock().unlock();
}
} public void put(Object data){ rwl.writeLock().lock();
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " be ready to write data!");
Thread.sleep((long)(Math.random()*1000));
this.data = data;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " have write data: " + data);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
rwl.writeLock().unlock();
} }
}

 读的时候可以被读打断,写的时候不能太打断

Java多线程——Lock&Condition

Condition的功能类似在传统线程技术中的Object.wait()和Object.notify()的功能。在等待 Condition 时,允许发生“虚假唤醒”,这通常作为对基础平台语义的让步。对于大多数应用程序,这带来的实际影响很小,因为 Condition 应该总是在一个循环中被等待,并测试正被等待的状态声明。某个实现可以随意移除可能的虚假唤醒,但建议应用程序程序员总是假定这些虚假唤醒可能发生,因此总是在一个循环中等待。

一个锁内部可以有多个Condition,即有多路等待和通知,可以参看jdk1.5提供的Lock与Condition实现的可阻塞队列的应用案例,从中除了要体味算法,还要体味面向对象的封装。在传统的线程机制中一个监视器对象上只能有一路等待和通知,要想实现多路等待和通知,必须嵌套使用多个同步监视器对象。(如果只用一个Condition,两个放的都在等,一旦一个放的进去了,那么它通知可能会导致另一个放接着往下走。)

package java_thread;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class ConditionCommunication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Business business = new Business();
new Thread(
new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i=1;i<=50;i++){
business.sub(i);
}
}
}
).start(); for(int i=1;i<=50;i++){
business.main(i);
} } static class Business {
Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
private boolean bShouldSub = true; public void sub(int i){
lock.lock();
try{
while(!bShouldSub){
try {
condition.await();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
for(int j=1;j<=5;j++){
System.out.println("sub thread sequence of " + j + ",loop of " + i);
}
bShouldSub = false;
condition.signal();
}finally{
lock.unlock();
}
} public void main(int i){
lock.lock();
try{
while(bShouldSub){
try {
condition.await();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
for(int j=1;j<=10;j++){
System.out.println("main thread sequence of " + j + ",loop of " + i);
}
bShouldSub = true;
condition.signal();
}finally{
lock.unlock();
}
}
} }

Java多线程——Lock&Condition