使用scrapy ImagesPipeline爬取图片资源

时间：2024-09-20 10:04:14

这是一个使用scrapy的ImagesPipeline爬取下载图片的示例，生成的图片保存在爬虫的full文件夹里。

scrapy startproject DoubanImgs

cd DoubanImgs

scrapy genspider download_douban  douban.com

vim spiders/download_douban.py

# coding=utf-8

from scrapy.spiders import Spider

import re

from scrapy import Request

from ..items import DoubanImgsItem

class download_douban(Spider):

    name = 'download_douban'

    default_headers = {

        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',

        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch, br',

        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6',

        'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',

        'Connection': 'keep-alive',

        'Host': 'www.douban.com',

        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/52.0.2743.116 Safari/537.36',

    }

    def __init__(self, url='1638835355', *args, **kwargs):

        self.allowed_domains = ['douban.com']

        self.start_urls = []

        for i in xrange(23):

            if i == 0:

                page_url = 'http://www.douban.com/photos/album/' + url

            else:

                page_url = 'http://www.douban.com/photos/album/' + url + '/?start=' + str(i*18)

            self.start_urls.append(page_url)

        self.url = url

        # call the father base function

        # super(download_douban, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def start_requests(self):

        for url in self.start_urls:

            yield Request(url=url, headers=self.default_headers, callback=self.parse)

    def parse(self, response):

        list_imgs = response.xpath('//div[@class="photolst clearfix"]//img/@src').extract()

        if list_imgs:

            item = DoubanImgsItem()

            item['image_urls'] = list_imgs

            yield item

vim settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for DoubanImgs project

#

# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or

# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:

#

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'DoubanImgs'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['DoubanImgs.spiders']

NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'DoubanImgs.spiders'

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

    'DoubanImgs.pipelines.DoubanImgDownloadPipeline': 300,

}

IMAGES_STORE = '.'

IMAGES_EXPIRES = 90

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent

#USER_AGENT = 'DoubanImgs (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay

# See also autothrottle settings and docs

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0.5

# The download delay setting will honor only one of:

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)

#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)

#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:

#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {

#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',

#   'Accept-Language': 'en',

#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {

#    'DoubanImgs.middlewares.DoubanimgsSpiderMiddleware': 543,

#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {

#    'DoubanImgs.middlewares.DoubanimgsDownloaderMiddleware': 543,

#}

# Enable or disable extensions

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html

#EXTENSIONS = {

#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,

#}

# Configure item pipelines

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

#ITEM_PIPELINES = {

#    'DoubanImgs.pipelines.DoubanimgsPipeline': 300,

#}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html

#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True

# The initial download delay

#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5

# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies

#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60

# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to

# each remote server

#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0

# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:

#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings

#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True

#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0

#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'

#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []

#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

vim items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items

#

# See documentation in:

# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy

from scrapy import Field

class DoubanImgsItem(scrapy.Item):

    # define the fields for your item here like:

    # name = scrapy.Field()

    image_urls = Field()

    images = Field()

    image_paths = Field()

vim pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here

#

# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting

# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline

from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem

from scrapy import Request

from scrapy import log

class DoubanImgsPipeline(object):

    def process_item(self, item, spider):

        return item

class DoubanImgDownloadPipeline(ImagesPipeline):

    default_headers = {

        'accept': 'image/webp,image/*,*/*;q=0.8',

        'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch, br',

        'accept-language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6',

        'cookie': 'bid=yQdC/AzTaCw',

        'referer': 'https://www.douban.com/photos/photo/2370443040/',

        'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/52.0.2743.116 Safari/537.36',

    }

    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):

        for image_url in item['image_urls']:

            self.default_headers['referer'] = image_url

            yield Request(image_url, headers=self.default_headers)

    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):

        image_paths = [x['path'] for ok, x in results if ok]

        if not image_paths:

            raise DropItem("Item contains no images")

        item['image_paths'] = image_paths

        return item

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