LinkedHashMap的get()方法除了返回元素之外还可以把被访问的元素放到链表的底端,这样一来每次顶端的元素就是remove的元素。
构造函数如下:
public LinkedHashMap (int initialCapacity, float loadFactor, boolean accessOrder);
initialCapacity 初始容量
loadFactor 加载因子,一般是 0.75f
accessOrder false基于插入顺序,true 基于访问顺序(get一个元素后,这个元素被加到最后,使用了LRU 最近最少被使用的调度算法)
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
/**
* 该类是线程安全的带有容量限制的LinkedHashMap
* 超容量的元素采用LRU方式删除
* 线程安全仅限于已经覆盖的几个方法,若有其他需要可自行添加
* 迭代操作不保证数据的一致性,即使remove方法是线程安全的也会抛ConcurrentModificationException
*/
public class LinkedMapLRU<K, V> extends LinkedHashMap<K, V> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7911712053305433954L;
private int capacity;
private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public LinkedMapLRU(int capacity) {
super(capacity, 0.75f, true);
this.capacity = capacity;
}
@Override
public V put(K key, V value) {
try {
lock.lock();
return super.put(key, value);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
@Override
public V get(Object key) {
try {
lock.lock();
return super.get(key);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
@Override
public V remove(Object key) {
try {
lock.lock();
return super.remove(key);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
@Override
public boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry<K,V> eldest) {
if(size() > capacity) {
System.out.println(eldest.getKey() +":" + eldest.getValue()); return true;
}
return false;
}
public void setMaxSize(int size) {
this.capacity = size;
}
}
测试类:
LinkedMapLRU<Integer, Integer> LRU = new LinkedMapLRU<Integer, Integer>(3);
LRU.put(3, 1);
LRU.put(6, 2);
LRU.put(9, 3);
LRU.get(3); //key=3移到顶部
LRU.put(12, 4);
LRU.put(15, 5);
for(Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry : LRU.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " " +entry.getValue());
}
测试结果:
6:2
9:3
3 1
12 4
15 5