桶排序介绍
桶排序(Bucket Sort)的原理很简单,它是将数组分到有限数量的桶子里。
假设待排序的数组a*有N个整数,并且已知数组a中数据的范围[0, MAX)。在桶排序时,创建容量为MAX的桶数组r,并将桶数组元素都初始化为0;将容量为MAX的桶数组中的每一个单元都看作一个"桶"。
在排序时,逐个遍历数组a,将数组a的值,作为"桶数组r"的下标。当a中数据被读取时,就将桶的值加1。例如,读取到数组a[3]=5,则将r[5]的值+1。
C++实现算法
假设数据分布在[0,100)之间,每个桶内部用链表表示,在数据入桶的同时插入排序。然后把各个桶中的数据合并。
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#include<iterator>
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
const int BUCKET_NUM = 10;
struct ListNode{
explicit ListNode( int i=0):mData(i),mNext(NULL){}
ListNode* mNext;
int mData;
};
ListNode* insert(ListNode* head, int val){
ListNode dummyNode;
ListNode *newNode = new ListNode(val);
ListNode *pre,*curr;
dummyNode.mNext = head;
pre = &dummyNode;
curr = head;
while (NULL!=curr && curr->mData<=val){
pre = curr;
curr = curr->mNext;
}
newNode->mNext = curr;
pre->mNext = newNode;
return dummyNode.mNext;
}
ListNode* Merge(ListNode *head1,ListNode *head2){
ListNode dummyNode;
ListNode *dummy = &dummyNode;
while (NULL!=head1 && NULL!=head2){
if (head1->mData <= head2->mData){
dummy->mNext = head1;
head1 = head1->mNext;
} else {
dummy->mNext = head2;
head2 = head2->mNext;
}
dummy = dummy->mNext;
}
if (NULL!=head1) dummy->mNext = head1;
if (NULL!=head2) dummy->mNext = head2;
return dummyNode.mNext;
}
void BucketSort( int n, int arr[]){
vector<ListNode*> buckets(BUCKET_NUM,(ListNode*)(0));
for ( int i=0;i<n;++i){
int index = arr[i]/BUCKET_NUM;
ListNode *head = buckets.at(index);
buckets.at(index) = insert(head,arr[i]);
}
ListNode *head = buckets.at(0);
for ( int i=1;i<BUCKET_NUM;++i){
head = Merge(head,buckets.at(i));
}
for ( int i=0;i<n;++i){
arr[i] = head->mData;
head = head->mNext;
}
}
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