springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

时间:2023-03-08 15:38:41
springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

一、springMVC的数据绑定,常用绑定类型有:

1、servlet三大域对象:

  • HttpServletRequest
  • HttpServletResponse
  • HttpSession

2、Model的方式

  • 类型:

    • Model

       @Controller
      public class Demo01Controller {
      @RequestMapping(value = "test.action")
      public String test(Model md){
      md.addAttribute("name","xujie");
      return "test";
      }
      }
    • ModelMap

       @Controller
      public class Demo01Controller {
      @RequestMapping(value = "test.action")
      public String test(ModelMap mp){
      mp.addAttribute("name","xujie");
      return "test"; //字符串是返回页面的页面名
      }
      }
    • ModelAndView

       @Controller
      public class Demo01Controller {
      @RequestMapping(value = "test.action")
      public ModelAndView test(ModelAndView mv){
      mv.addObject("name","xujie");
      mv.setViewName("test");
      return mv;
      }
      }
  • 前台页面jsp编码

      	<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Hello World</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    1、姓名:${requestScope.name }<br/>
    </body>
    </html>
  • 总结:

    • Model和ModelMap类型的model,都要在参数列表中声明。
    • ModelAndView可以不用在参数列表中声明,但是最后的跳转页面一定要通过ModelAndView.setViewName()的方式跳转,否则页面可以成功跳转,但是取不到后台设置的值。

3、绑定简单数据类型

  • 用法:

    springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

    • 示例一:

        //在处理器形参位置声明简单数据类型,处理器直接获取
      @Controller
      public class Demo01Controller {
      @RequestMapping(value = "test.action")
      public String test(String name){
      System.out.println("获取到前台的值是:"+name);
      return "test";
      }
      }
    • 支持的简单绑定类型:

      • 整型(int、Integer)
      • 字符串(String)
      • 单精度(Float、float)
      • 双精度(Double、double)
      • 布尔型(true、false)
  • @RequestParam用法:

    • @RequestParam 有三个常用属性值:
      • value:绑定参数的变量名

      • defaultValue:如果没有传这个值,默认取值

      • required:该变量是否必须要有

        示例:

          @Controller
        public class Demo01Controller {
        @RequestMapping(value = "test.action")
        public String test(@RequestParam(value = "name",defaultValue = "xujie",required = false) String name){
        System.out.println("name="+name);
        return "test";
        }
        }

4、绑定pojo(简单的java对象)类型

Student类:(pojo)

	public class Student {
private String name;
private int age; get/set...
}

Controller类:

	@Controller
public class Demo01Controller {
@RequestMapping(value = "test.action",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String test(Student stu){
System.out.println("学生姓名:"+stu.getName());
System.out.println("学生年龄:"+stu.getAge());
return "test";
}
}
+ *这里我是用的postman做的请求测试,所以此处不列举前台是如何发送请求的了,只要是post请求,并且参数名分别为name和age就可以获取到;*

5、绑定包装对象(对象里面有对象)

Courses类(pojo):

package com.springMVC.pojo;

public class Courses {
private String coursesName;
private String teacher; get/set...
}

Courses类(pojo):

package com.springMVC.pojo;

public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
private Courses courses; get/set...
}

Controller类:

@Controller
public class Demo01Controller {
@RequestMapping(value = "test.action",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String test(Student stu){
System.out.println("学生姓名:"+stu.getName());
System.out.println("学生年龄:"+stu.getAge());
System.out.println("课程名称"+stu.getCourses().getCoursesName());
System.out.println("课程老师"+stu.getCourses().getTeacher());
return "test";
}
}

6、绑定数组(以字符串数组为例)

直接绑定数组类型参数

Controller类:

@Controller
public class Demo01Controller {
@RequestMapping(value = "test.action",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String test(String[] strs){
for (String str:strs ) {
System.out.println(str);
}
return "test";
}
}

接口测试:

springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

通过pojo属性的方式绑定数组

pojo类:

package com.springMVC.pojo;

public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
private Courses courses;
private String[] friends; get/set...
}

Controller类:

@Controller
public class Demo01Controller {
@RequestMapping(value = "test.action",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String test(Student stu){
String[] friends = stu.getFriends();
for (String str:friends ) {
System.out.println(str);
}
return "test";
}
}

接口测试

springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

7、绑定List

接收页面数据

接收页面数据的时候,list必须声明为某一个pojo的属性才可以接收到

pojo类:

package com.springMVC.pojo;

import java.util.List;

public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
private Courses courses;
private List<String> friends; //pojo的list get/set... }

Controller类:

@Controller
public class Demo01Controller {
@RequestMapping(value = "test.action",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String test(Student student){
List<String> friends = student.getFriends();
for (String str : friends) {
System.out.println(str);
}
return "test";
}
}

接口测试:

springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

向页面传递数据

Controller类:

此处以ModelMap的方式向页面传递数据

@Controller
public class Demo01Controller {
@RequestMapping(value = "test.action",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String test(ModelMap modelMap){
//ModelMap modelMap = new ModelMap();
Student student = new Student();
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("xujie1");
list.add("xujie2");
list.add("xujie3");
list.add("xujie4");
student.setFriends(list);
student.setName("yuanxiliu");
modelMap.addAttribute("student",student);
return "test";
}
}

jsp页面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:forEach items="${student.friends}" var="friend" varStatus="state" > ${friend}<%--循环输出List--%> </c:forEach>
</body>
</html>

页面结果:springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定

8、绑定Map

跟list类似,同样必须定义成某个pojo的属性才可以绑定数据:

pojo类:

package com.springMVC.pojo;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List; public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
private Courses courses;
private HashMap<String,String> parents; get/set...
}

Controller类:

@Controller
public class Demo01Controller {
@RequestMapping(value = "test.action",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String test(Student student){
String father = student.getParents().get("father");
String mother = student.getParents().get("mother");
System.out.println("父亲是:"+father);
System.out.println("母亲是:"+mother);
return "test";
}
}

接口测试:

springMVC学习总结(三)数据绑定