Tomcat+nginx+Keepalived部署实现集群

时间:2022-05-01 07:55:15

Tomcat+nginx+Keepalived部署实现集群

环境说明:

系统:Centos-7

主机:Centos-7 x3

IP地址:

服务器1(192.168.10.102/24)

服务器2(192.168.10.103/24)

服务器3(192.168.10.104/24)

源码安装包路径:/GZ/

安装路径:/usr/loval/

一、Tomcat安装部署:(全部服务器安装)

1、安装Tomcat,安装之前必须先安装Java,先安装java

下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

>1、解压安装java

[root@lzc GZ]# tar zxvf jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz

>2、配置java

[root@lzc GZ]# mv jdk1.8.0_151/ /usr/local/java

[root@lzc GZ]# vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh

#写入

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java

export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

#保存退出

>3、导入环境变量,查看Java版本

[root@lzc GZ]# source /etc/profile.d/java.sh   #导入环境变量

[root@lzc GZ]# java -version  #查看JAVA版本

2、下载安装Tomcat(每台服务器配置Tomcat8080、Tomcat8081)

安装路径:/usr/local/Tomcat/

├── Tomcat8080

        ├── Tomcat8081

>1、下载解压Tomcat

下载地址:https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi

[root@lzc GZ]# tar
zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.2.tar.gz

>2、Tomcat安装路径

[root@lzc GZ]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.2 /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080

[root@lzc GZ]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.2 /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081

>3、修改Tomcat端口号:(修改前先备份 cp
server.xml server.xml.bak)

/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/conf

vim server.xml(把8005修改8006)

(8080修改8081)

#保存退出

>4、启动Tomcat

[root@lzc /]#
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE:  
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080

Using CATALINA_HOME:  
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/temp

Using JRE_HOME:       
/usr/local/java

Using CLASSPATH:      
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Tomcat started.

[root@lzc /]#
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE:  
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081

Using CATALINA_HOME:  
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/temp

Using JRE_HOME:       
/usr/local/java

Using CLASSPATH:      
/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Tomcat started.

>5、查看Tomcat端口

[root@lzc /]# netstat -ntpl | egrep ":8080|8081"

tcp6       0     
0 :::8080                
:::*                   
LISTEN      16907/java

tcp6       0     
0 :::8081                
:::*                    LISTEN      17430/java

>6、修改web页面为对应的服务器和端口号

路径:/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/webapps/ROOT

[root@lzc ROOT]# pwd

/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/webapps/ROOT

[root@lzc ROOT]# more index.jsp

<%@ page session="false"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
%>

<center><H1> 服务器:192.168.10.102
<br>  Tomcat:8080</H1></center>

<hr>

[root@lzc ROOT]# pwd  #复制index.jsp到Tomcat8081

cp index.jsp /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/webapps/ROOT/

/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/webapps/ROOT

[root@lzc ROOT]# sed -i "s/8080/8081/g"
index.jsp

[root@lzc ROOT]# more index.jsp

<%@ page
session="false" pageEncoding="UTF-8"
contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>

<center><H1>
服务器:192.168.10.102
<br>  Tomcat:8081</H1></center>

<hr>

>7、访问浏览器测试,http://服务器地址:8080、http://服务器地址:8081,如果出现下图,则说明Tomcat成功启动

>8、扩展内容Tomcat:

启动Tomcat:

[root@lzc]# /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/bin/startup.sh

[root@lzc]# /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/bin/startup.sh

关闭Tomcat:

[root@lzc]# /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/bin/shutdown.sh

[root@lzc]# /usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/bin/shutdown.sh

或者

[root@lzc]# ps -ef | grep Tomcat8080 |
grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9

shell脚本进程守护:

创建脚本:

[root@lzc shell]# more keeptomcat.sh

#!/bin/bash

#脚本功能每一分钟检测Tomcat进程是否存在

#如Tomcat进程不存在自动重启Tomcat

#Tomcat8080

netstat -ntpl | grep ":8080"

if [ $? -ne 0 ]

then

ps
-ef | grep Tomcat8080 | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9

sleep
3

/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8080/bin/startup.sh

fi

#Tomcat8081

netstat -ntpl | grep ":8081"

if [ $? -ne 0 ]

then

ps
-ef | grep Tomcat8081 | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'

sleep
5

/usr/local/Tomcat/Tomcat8081/bin/startup.sh

fi

添加到定时任务:

[root@lzc shell]# crontab -l

*/1 * * * * /usr/bin/sh
/shell/keeptomcat.sh

2、Nginx安装部署:

 1、 安装pcre

注:安装这个pcre库是为了让nginx支持HTTP
Rewrite模块

创建一个专用的软件工具目录(实际生产环境中一定要养成好的规范习惯)

下载pcre软件(Centos 6版本下载)

[root@lzc GZ]# wget
ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.38.tar.gz

编译安装

[root@lzc GZ]# tar -xvf
pcre-8.38.tar.gz

[root@lzc GZ]# mv pcre-8.38 /usr/local/

[root@lzc GZ]# cd /usr/local/pcre-8.38

[root@lzc pcre-8.38]#  ./configure

[root@lzc pcre-8.38]#  make && make install

2、安装配置Nginx

>1、源码编译安装nginx

[root@lzc]# useradd nginx -s
/sbin/nologin -M

[root@lzc GZ]# wget
http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

[root@lzc GZ]# tar zxf
nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

[root@lzc GZ]# cd nginx-1.14.2/

[root@lzc GZ]# ./configure --user=nginx
--group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module  --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre-8.38
--without-http_gzip_module

[root@lzc GZ]# make && make
install

>2、配置启动nginx

[root@lzc
GZ]# cd /usr/local/nginx/

[root@lzc
nginx]# tree

├── conf   #nginx配置文件

│   ├── fastcgi.conf

│   ├── fastcgi.conf.default

│   ├── fastcgi_params

│   ├── fastcgi_params.default

│   ├── koi-utf

│   ├── koi-win

│   ├── mime.types

│   ├── mime.types.default

│   ├── nginx.conf

│   ├── nginx.conf.default

│   ├── scgi_params

│   ├── scgi_params.default

│   ├── uwsgi_params

│   ├── uwsgi_params.default

│   └── win-utf

├── html   #web项目代码

│   ├── 50x.html

│   └── index.html

├── logs   #nginx日志

└── sbin   #nginx启动文件

└── nginx

[root@lzc nginx]# ./sbin/nginx  #启动nginx

[root@lzc nginx]# ps -ef | grep nginx    #查看nginx进程

root     
37276      1  0 15:20 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process
./sbin/ngin

nginx    
37277  37276  0 15:20 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

root     
37327  15908  0 15:22 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

[root@lzc
nginx]# netstat -ntpl | grep ":80"   #查看nginx端口号

tcp        0     
0 0.0.0.0:80             
0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      37276/nginx: master

浏览器访问测试 http://ip地址

>3、配置nginx反向代理

[root@lzc conf]# vim
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf   #添加以下内容

#keepalive_timeout  0;

keepalive_timeout  65;

###############################################

upstream tomcat.lzc.com {   
#定义主机池

server 192.168.10.102:8080
weight=1; #按权重的方式进行轮询、数值越大

server 192.168.10.102:8081
weight=1;

server 192.168.10.103:8080
weight=1;

server 192.168.10.103:8081
weight=1;

server 192.168.10.104:8080
weight=1;

server 192.168.10.104:8081
weight=1;

}

###############################################

#gzip 
on;

server {

listen       80;

server_name  localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

location / {

proxy_pass http://tomcat.lzc.com;      #将监听到请求转发到这个虚拟地址

root   html;

index  index.jsp index.html index.htm;

}

#保存退出

[root@lzc nginx]# ps -ef | grep nginx |
grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill 
-9     #杀死nginx进程

[root@lzc nginx]# ./sbin/nginx   #启动nginx

Web页面正常访问到Tomcat项目

>4、扩展内容

关闭nginx:

[root@lzc nginx]# ps -ef | grep nginx |
grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xars kill -9

启动nginx:

[root@lzc /]#
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

shell脚本进程守护:创建脚本

[root@lzc
shell]# more keepNginx.sh

#!/bin/bash

#脚本功能检测nginx进程是否存在

#如nginx进程不存在自动重启nginx

netstat -ntpl | grep ":80" |
grep nginx

if [ $? -ne 0 ]

then

ps
-ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9

sleep
3

cd
/

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

fi

添加到定时任务:每分钟执行一次

[root@lzc
shell]# crontab -l

*/1
* * * *  /usr/bin/sh
/shell/keeptomcat.sh  &>/dev/null
2>&1

*/1 * * * *  /usr/bin/sh /shell/keepNginx.sh  &>/dev/null 2>&1

3、Keepalived安装部署:

 

1、环境配置

>1、主Keepalived服务器IP地址 192.168.10.102

>2、备Keepalived服务器IP地址 192.168.10.103

>3、备Keepalived服务器IP地址 192.168.10.104

>4、Keepalived虚拟IP地址     192.168.10.200

 

2、yum安装keepablived

>1、环境说明:

主Keepalived服务器IP地址   192.168.10.102

备Keepalived服务器IP地址   192.168.10.103

备Keepalived服务器IP地址   192.168.10.104

Keepalived虚拟IP地址        192.168.10.200

>2、yum安装配置

[root@lzc /]# yum install openssl-devel
popt* -y

[root@lzc /]# yum install -y keepalived

 

修改配置文件(主)

[root@lzc /]# tree /etc/keepalived/

/etc/keepalived/

├── keepalived.conf

[root@lzc /]# vim
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

修改配置文件(备)

[root@lzc /]# tree /etc/keepalived/

/etc/keepalived/

├── keepalived.conf

[root@lzc /]# vim
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

#保存退出

>3、启动keepalived

[root@lzc /]# systemctl
enable keepalived.service
  #加入启动项

[root@lzc /]# systemctl
start keepalived.service
   #启动keepalived

[root@lzc /]# systemctl restart
keepalived.service
#重启keepalived

[root@lzc /]# systemctl stop
keepalived.service
    #停止keepalived

 

>4、验证和测试

#正常ping

 

模拟故障手动stop服务器1(192.168.10.102)的keepalived服务

[root@lzc /]# systemctl stop
keepalived

成功切换到服务器3(192.168.10.104)

由于服务器2服务器3优先级都是99,两者同等的优先级。