一.列表、元组操作
列表
1.通过下标访问列表中的元素，从0开始
1 name = ["alex","lol","doat"] 2 >>> names[0] 3 "alex" 4 >>> names[2] 5 "lol" 6 >>> names[-1] 7 "dota" 8 >>> names[-2] #还可以倒着取 9 "lol"
2.切片
1 names = ["alex","zhoujielun","eason","pig"] 2 >>>names[1:2] #取下标1到2的元素，包括1不包括2 3 ["zhoujielun","eason"] 4 >>>names[:1] #从头开始取，不需要写0 5 ["alex","zhoujielun"] 6 >>>names[1:] #想取最后一个元素，-1不能写 7 ["zhoujielun","eason","pig"] 8 >>>names[::2] #最后的2表示步长，每隔一个元素，就取一个 9 ["alex","eason"]
3.追加
1 >>>names = ['Alex', 'Tenglan', 'Eric', 'Rain', 'Tom', 'Amy'] 2 >>>names.append('我是新来的') 3 names = ['Alex', 'Tenglan', 'Eric', 'Rain', 'Tom', 'Amy','我是新来的']
4.插入
1 >>>age = ['11','22','33'] 2 >>>age.insert(1,'我是新来的') #在1的元素前面插入 3 4 age = ['11','我是新来的','22','33']
5. 修改
1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejei"] 2 >>>names[1] = "该换人了" 3 names = ["alex","该换人了","jiejei"]
6.删除
1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"] 2 >>>del names[1] 3 names = ["alex","jiejie"] 4 5 >>>names.pop() #删除列表最后一个元素 6 names = ["alex"]
7.扩展
1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou"] 2 >>>b = ["sy"] 3 >>>names.extend(b) 4 names = ["alex","zhouzhou","sy"]
8.统计
1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","juejie"] 2 >>>names.count("alex") 3 0
9.排序&翻转
1 >>> names 2 ['Alex', 'Amy', 'Amy', 'Tenglan', 'Tom', '1', '2', '3'] 3 >>> names.sort() 4 >>> names 5 ['1', '2', '3', 'Alex', 'Amy', 'Amy', 'Tenglan', 'Tom'] 6 7 >>> names.reverse() #反转 8 >>> names 9 ['Tom', 'Tenglan', 'Amy', 'Amy', 'Alex', '3', '2', '1']
10.获取下标
1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"] 2 >>>names.index("jiejie") 3 2
11.拷贝
1 >>>names = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"] 2 >>>names2 = names.copy() 3 names2 = ["alex","zhouzhou","jiejie"]
拷贝真的这么简单吗？
1 >>>names = ["zhangshaohan","zhoujielun"["alex","jack"],"xiaohong","wangba"] 2 >>>names2 = names.copy() 3 >>>print(names,names2) 4 >>>names[2][0] = "Alex" 5 >>>print(names) 6 >>>print(names2) 7 8 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba'] ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba'] 9 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['Alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba'] 10 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['Alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']
PS:copy()只copy第一层浅copy,copy第二层的列表等，都不会被copy(只copy了一个内存地址)
1 >>>import copy 2 >>>names = ["zhangshaohan","zhoujielun",["alex","jack"],"xiaohong","wangba"] 3 >>>names2 = copy.deepcopy(names) 4 >>>print(names) 5 >>>print(names2) 6 >>>names[1] = "周杰伦" 7 >>>names[2][0] = "ALEX" 8 >>>print(names) 9 >>>print(names2) 10 11 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba'] 12 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba'] 13 ['zhangshaohan', '周杰伦', ['ALEX', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba'] 14 ['zhangshaohan', 'zhoujielun', ['alex', 'jack'], 'xiaohong', 'wangba']
元组
元组与列表近似，只是一旦创建，就不能修改，又称只读列表。
所以，它只有两个方法：
- count
- index