一.gallery的简介
gallery(画廊)是一个锁定中心条目并且拥有水平滚动列表的视图,一般用来浏览图片,并且可以响应事件显示信息。gallery还可以和imageswitcher组件结合使用来实现一个通过缩略图来浏览图片的效果。
gallery常用的xml属性
属性名称
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描述
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android:animationduration
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设置布局变化时动画的转换所需的时间(毫秒级)。仅在动画开始时计时。该值必须是整数,比如:100。
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android:gravity
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指定在对象的x和y轴上如何放置内容。指定一下常量中的一个或多个(使用 “|”分割)
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android:spacing
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图片之间的间距
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android:unselectedalpha
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设置未选中的条目的透明度(alpha)。该值必须是float类型,比如:“1.2”。
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首先介绍gallery单独使用的例子:
mainactivity.java
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package com.android.gallerydemo;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.context;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemclicklistener;
import android.widget.baseadapter;
import android.widget.gallery;
import android.widget.imageview;
import android.widget.toast;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
private gallery gallery;
@override
public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super .oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.main);
gallery = (gallery)findviewbyid(r.id.gallery);
//设置图片适配器
gallery.setadapter( new imageadapter( this ));
//设置监听器
gallery.setonitemclicklistener( new onitemclicklistener() {
@override
public void onitemclick(adapterview<?>parent, view v, int position, long id) {
toast.maketext(mainactivity. this , "点击了第" +(position+ 1 )+ "张图片" , toast.length_long).show();
}
});
}
}
class imageadapter extends baseadapter{
//声明context
private context context;
//图片源数组
private integer[] imageinteger={
r.drawable.pic1,
r.drawable.pic2,
r.drawable.pic3,
r.drawable.pic4,
r.drawable.pic5,
r.drawable.pic6,
r.drawable.pic7
};
//声明 imageadapter
public imageadapter(context c){
context = c;
}
@override
//获取图片的个数
public int getcount() {
return imageinteger.length;
}
@override
//获取图片在库中的位置
public object getitem( int position) {
return position;
}
@override
//获取图片在库中的位置
public long getitemid( int position) {
// todo auto-generated method stub
return position;
}
@override
public view getview( int position, view convertview, viewgroup parent) {
imageview imageview = new imageview(context);
//给imageview设置资源
imageview.setimageresource(imageinteger[position]);
//设置比例类型
imageview.setscaletype(imageview.scaletype.fit_xy);
//设置布局 图片128x192显示
imageview.setlayoutparams( new gallery.layoutparams( 128 , 192 ));
return imageview;
}
}
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main.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<gallery xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id= "@+id/gallery" android:layout_width= "fill_parent"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:gravity= "center_vertical"
android:background= "?android:galleryitembackground"
/>
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效果图:
gallery和imageswitcher组件结合使用的例子:
mainactivity.java
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package com.android.gallerytest;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.context;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.view.window;
import android.view.animation.animationutils;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.baseadapter;
import android.widget.gallery;
import android.widget.imageswitcher;
import android.widget.imageview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemselectedlistener;
import android.widget.gallery.layoutparams;
import android.widget.viewswitcher.viewfactory;
public class mainactivity extends activity implements onitemselectedlistener,
viewfactory {
private imageswitcher mswitcher;
//大图片对应的缩略图源数组
private integer[] mthumbids = { r.drawable.sample_thumb_0,
r.drawable.sample_thumb_1, r.drawable.sample_thumb_2,
r.drawable.sample_thumb_3, r.drawable.sample_thumb_4,
r.drawable.sample_thumb_5, r.drawable.sample_thumb_6,
r.drawable.sample_thumb_7 };
//大图片源数组
private integer[] mimageids = { r.drawable.sample_0, r.drawable.sample_1,
r.drawable.sample_2, r.drawable.sample_3, r.drawable.sample_4,
r.drawable.sample_5, r.drawable.sample_6, r.drawable.sample_7 };
@override
public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super .oncreate(savedinstancestate);
//设置窗口无标题
requestwindowfeature(window.feature_no_title);
setcontentview(r.layout.main);
mswitcher = (imageswitcher) findviewbyid(r.id.switcher);
//注意在使用一个imageswitcher之前,
//一定要调用setfactory方法,要不setimageresource这个方法会报空指针异常。
mswitcher.setfactory( this );
//设置动画效果
mswitcher.setinanimation(animationutils.loadanimation( this ,
android.r.anim.fade_in));
mswitcher.setoutanimation(animationutils.loadanimation( this ,
android.r.anim.fade_out));
gallery g = (gallery) findviewbyid(r.id.gallery);
//添加onitemselectedlistener监听器
g.setadapter( new imageadapter( this ));
g.setonitemselectedlistener( this );
}
//创建内部类imageadapter
public class imageadapter extends baseadapter {
public imageadapter(context c) {
mcontext = c;
}
public int getcount() {
return mthumbids.length;
}
public object getitem( int position) {
return position;
}
public long getitemid( int position) {
return position;
}
public view getview( int position, view convertview, viewgroup parent) {
imageview i = new imageview(mcontext);
i.setimageresource(mthumbids[position]);
//设置边界对齐
i.setadjustviewbounds( true );
//设置布局参数
i.setlayoutparams( new gallery.layoutparams(
layoutparams.wrap_content, layoutparams.wrap_content));
//设置背景资源
i.setbackgroundresource(r.drawable.picture_frame);
return i;
}
private context mcontext;
}
@override
//实现onitemselected()方法,更换图片
public void onitemselected(adapterview<?> adapter, view v, int position,
long id) {
//设置图片资源
mswitcher.setimageresource(mimageids[position]);
}
@override
public void onnothingselected(adapterview<?> arg0) {
}
@override
//实现makeview()方法,为imageview设置布局格式
public view makeview() {
imageview i = new imageview( this );
//设置背景颜色
i.setbackgroundcolor( 0xff000000 );
//设置比例类型
i.setscaletype(imageview.scaletype.fit_center);
//设置布局参数
i.setlayoutparams( new imageswitcher.layoutparams(
layoutparams.fill_parent, layoutparams.fill_parent));
return i;
}
}
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main.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width= "fill_parent"
android:layout_height= "fill_parent"
>
<imageswitcher
android:id= "@+id/switcher"
android:layout_width= "fill_parent"
android:layout_height= "fill_parent"
android:layout_alignparenttop= "true"
android:layout_alignparentleft= "true"
/>
<gallery
android:id= "@+id/gallery"
android:background= "#55000000"
android:layout_width= "fill_parent"
android:layout_height= "60dp"
android:layout_alignparentbottom= "true"
android:layout_alignparentleft= "true"
android:gravity= "center_vertical"
android:spacing= "16dp"
/>
</relativelayout>
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效果图:
二.gridview的简介
gridview(网格视图)是按照行列的方式来显示内容的,一般用于显示图片,图片等内容,比如实现九宫格图,用gridview是首选,也是最简单的。主要用于设置adapter。
gridview常用的xml属性:
属性名称
|
描述
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android:columnwidth
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设置列的宽度。
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android:gravity
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设置此组件中的内容在组件中的位置。可选的值有:top、bottom、left、right、center_vertical、fill_vertical、center_horizontal、fill_horizontal、center、fill、clip_vertical 可以多选,用“|”分开。
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android:horizontalspacing
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两列之间的间距。
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android:numcolumns
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设置列数。
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android:stretchmode
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缩放模式。
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android:verticalspacing
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两行之间的间距。
|
下面有三个例子,第一个是只显示图片的,第二个是显示图片文字的(这里的图片是android系统自带的图片),第三个是显示自定义的图片文字。前面两个例子的实现都不是很难,第三个例子的实现有些复杂,学习gridview的时候,就想着能不能自定义自己喜欢的图片加上文字,在网上找些资料,一般都是第二个例子的形式的,最后在视频学习上找到了能实现自定义自己的图片的例子。自己就照着例子去学习,修改成了第三个例子。
第一个例子:
mainactivity.java
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package com.android.gridview.activity;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.context;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemclicklistener;
import android.widget.baseadapter;
import android.widget.gridview;
import android.widget.imageview;
import android.widget.toast;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
@override
public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super .oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.main);
gridview gv = (gridview)findviewbyid(r.id.gridview1);
//为gridview设置适配器
gv.setadapter( new myadapter( this ));
//注册监听事件
gv.setonitemclicklistener( new onitemclicklistener()
{
public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> parent, view v, int position, long id)
{
toast.maketext(mainactivity. this , "pic" + position, toast.length_short).show();
}
});
}
}
//自定义适配器
class myadapter extends baseadapter{
//上下文对象
private context context;
//图片数组
private integer[] imgs = {
r.drawable.pic0, r.drawable.pic1, r.drawable.pic2,
r.drawable.pic3, r.drawable.pic4, r.drawable.pic5,
r.drawable.pic6, r.drawable.pic7, r.drawable.pic8,
r.drawable.pic0, r.drawable.pic1, r.drawable.pic2,
r.drawable.pic3, r.drawable.pic4, r.drawable.pic5,
r.drawable.pic6, r.drawable.pic7, r.drawable.pic8,
};
myadapter(context context){
this .context = context;
}
public int getcount() {
return imgs.length;
}
public object getitem( int item) {
return item;
}
public long getitemid( int id) {
return id;
}
//创建view方法
public view getview( int position, view convertview, viewgroup parent) {
imageview imageview;
if (convertview == null ) {
imageview = new imageview(context);
imageview.setlayoutparams( new gridview.layoutparams( 75 , 75 )); //设置imageview对象布局
imageview.setadjustviewbounds( false ); //设置边界对齐
imageview.setscaletype(imageview.scaletype.center_crop); //设置刻度的类型
imageview.setpadding( 8 , 8 , 8 , 8 ); //设置间距
}
else {
imageview = (imageview) convertview;
}
imageview.setimageresource(imgs[position]); //为imageview设置图片资源
return imageview;
}
}
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main.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation= "vertical"
android:layout_width= "fill_parent"
android:layout_height= "fill_parent"
>
<gridview
android:id= "@+id/gridview1"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:columnwidth= "90dp"
android:numcolumns= "3"
android:verticalspacing= "10dp"
android:horizontalspacing= "10dp"
android:stretchmode= "columnwidth"
android:gravity= "center" />
</linearlayout>
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效果图:
第二个例子:
mainactivity.java
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package com.android.gridview2.activity;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.hashmap;
import java.util.list;
import java.util.map;
import android.app.activity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.widget.gridview;
import android.widget.simpleadapter;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
private gridview gv;
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
// todo auto-generated method stub
super .oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.gridview);
//准备要添加的数据条目
list<map<string, object>> items = new arraylist<map<string,object>>();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 9 ; i++) {
map<string, object> item = new hashmap<string, object>();
item.put( "imageitem" , r.drawable.icon); //添加图像资源的id
item.put( "textitem" , "icon" + i); //按序号添加itemtext
items.add(item);
}
//实例化一个适配器
simpleadapter adapter = new simpleadapter( this ,
items,
r.layout.grid_item,
new string[]{ "imageitem" , "textitem" },
new int []{r.id.image_item, r.id.text_item});
//获得gridview实例
gv = (gridview)findviewbyid(r.id.mygridview);
//为gridview设置适配器
gv.setadapter(adapter);
}
}
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gridview.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
>
<gridview
android:id= "@+id/mygridview"
android:numcolumns= "3"
android:gravity= "center_horizontal"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:stretchmode= "columnwidth"
/>
</linearlayout>
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grid_item.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id= "@+id/relativelayout1"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "fill_parent"
android:paddingbottom= "6dip"
>
<imageview
android:id= "@+id/image_item"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:layout_centerhorizontal= "true"
/>
<textview
android:id= "@+id/text_item"
android:layout_below= "@+id/image_item"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_centerhorizontal= "true" />
</relativelayout>
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效果图:
第三个例子:
mainactivity.java
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package com.android.gridview3;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.context;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.layoutinflater;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.baseadapter;
import android.widget.gridview;
import android.widget.imageview;
import android.widget.textview;
import android.widget.toast;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemclicklistener;
public class mainactivity extends activity
{
private gridview gridview;
//图片的文字标题
private string[] titles = new string[]
{ "pic1" , "pic2" , "pic3" , "pic4" , "pic5" , "pic6" , "pic7" , "pic8" , "pic9" };
//图片id数组
private int [] images = new int []{
r.drawable.pic1, r.drawable.pic2, r.drawable.pic3,
r.drawable.pic4, r.drawable.pic5, r.drawable.pic6,
r.drawable.pic7, r.drawable.pic8,r.drawable.pic9
};
@override
public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate){
super .oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.main);
gridview = (gridview) findviewbyid(r.id.gridview);
pictureadapter adapter = new pictureadapter(titles, images, this );
gridview.setadapter(adapter);
gridview.setonitemclicklistener( new onitemclicklistener()
{
public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> parent, view v, int position, long id)
{
toast.maketext(mainactivity. this , "pic" + (position+ 1 ), toast.length_short).show();
}
});
}
}
//自定义适配器
class pictureadapter extends baseadapter{
private layoutinflater inflater;
private list<picture> pictures;
public pictureadapter(string[] titles, int [] images, context context)
{
super ();
pictures = new arraylist<picture>();
inflater = layoutinflater.from(context);
for ( int i = 0 ; i < images.length; i++)
{
picture picture = new picture(titles[i], images[i]);
pictures.add(picture);
}
}
@override
public int getcount()
{
if ( null != pictures)
{
return pictures.size();
} else
{
return 0 ;
}
}
@override
public object getitem( int position)
{
return pictures.get(position);
}
@override
public long getitemid( int position)
{
return position;
}
@override
public view getview( int position, view convertview, viewgroup parent)
{
viewholder viewholder;
if (convertview == null )
{
convertview = inflater.inflate(r.layout.picture_item, null );
viewholder = new viewholder();
viewholder.title = (textview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.title);
viewholder.image = (imageview) convertview.findviewbyid(r.id.image);
convertview.settag(viewholder);
} else
{
viewholder = (viewholder) convertview.gettag();
}
viewholder.title.settext(pictures.get(position).gettitle());
viewholder.image.setimageresource(pictures.get(position).getimageid());
return convertview;
}
}
class viewholder
{
public textview title;
public imageview image;
}
class picture
{
private string title;
private int imageid;
public picture()
{
super ();
}
public picture(string title, int imageid)
{
super ();
this .title = title;
this .imageid = imageid;
}
public string gettitle()
{
return title;
}
public void settitle(string title)
{
this .title = title;
}
public int getimageid()
{
return imageid;
}
public void setimageid( int imageid)
{
this .imageid = imageid;
}
}
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main.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<gridview xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id= "@+id/gridview"
android:layout_width= "fill_parent"
android:layout_height= "fill_parent"
android:columnwidth= "90dp"
android:numcolumns= "auto_fit"
android:verticalspacing= "10dp"
android:horizontalspacing= "10dp"
android:stretchmode= "columnwidth"
android:gravity= "center"
/>
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picture_item.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<linearlayout
xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id= "@+id/root"
android:orientation= "vertical"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:layout_margintop= "5dp"
>
<imageview
android:id= "@+id/image"
android:layout_width= "100dp"
android:layout_height= "150dp"
android:layout_gravity= "center"
android:scaletype= "fitxy"
android:padding= "4dp"
/>
<textview
android:id= "@+id/title"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity= "center"
android:gravity= "center_horizontal"
/>
</linearlayout>
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效果图:
本文出自 “it的点点滴滴” 博客