本文实例讲述了PHP模版引擎原理、定义与用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
template存放模版源文件
模版编译工具类
Compline.class.php
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<?php
/**
* 模板编译工具类
*/
class Compile
{
private $template; //带编译文件
private $content; //需要替换的文本
private $comfile; //编译后的文件
private $left = '{'; //左界定符
private $right = '}'; //右界定符
private $value = array(); //值栈
private $php_turn;
private $T_P = array();
private $T_R = array();
public function __construct($template, $compileFile, $config)
{
$this->template = $template;
$this->comfile = $compileFile;
$this->content = file_get_contents($template);
if($config['php_turn'] === false)
{
$this->T_P[] = "/<\?(=|php|)(.+?)\?>/is";
$this->T_R[] = "<? \\1\\2? >";
}
//{$var}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{\\$([a-zA-Z_\x7f-\xff][a-zA-Z0-9_\x7f-\xff]*)\}/";
//{foreach $b}或者{loop $b}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{(loop|foreach) \\$([a-zA-Z_\x7f-\xff][a-zA-Z0-9_\x7f-\xff]*)\}/i";
//{[K|V]}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{([K|V])\}/";
//{/foreach}或者{\loop}或者{\if}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{\/(loop|foreach|if)}/i";
//{if (condition)}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{if (.* ?)\}/i";
//{(else if | elseif)}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{(else if|elseif) (.* ?)\}/i";
//{else}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{else\}/i";
//{#...# 或者 *...#，注释}
$this->T_P[] = "/\{(\#|\*)(.* ?)(\#|\*)\}/";
$this->T_R[] = "<?php echo \$this->value['\\1']; ?>";
$this->T_R[] = "<?php foreach ((array)\$this->value['\\2'] as \$K => \$V) { ?>";
$this->T_R[] = "<?php echo \$\\1; ?>";
$this->T_R[] = "<?php } ?>";
$this->T_R[] = "<?php if (\\1) { ?>";
$this->T_R[] = "<?php }else if (\\2) { ?>";
$this->T_R[] = "<?php }else{ ?>";
$this->T_R[] = "";
}
public function compile()
{
$this->c_all();
$this->c_staticFile();
file_put_contents($this->comfile, $this->content);
}
public function c_all()
{
$this->content = preg_replace($this->T_P, $this->T_R, $this->content);
}
/**
* 加入对JavaScript文件的解析
* @return [type] [description]
*/
public function c_staticFile()
{
$this->content = preg_replace('/\{\!(.* ?)\!\}/', '<script src=\\1'.'?t='.time().'></script>', $this->content);
}
public function __set($name, $value)
{
$this->$name = $value;
}
public function __get($name)
{
if(isset($this->$name))
{
return $this->$name;
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
}
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Template.class.php
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<?php
/**
* Template
*/
class Template
{
private $arrayConfig = array(
'suffix' => '.tpl', //模板的后缀
'templateDir' => 'template/', //模板所在的文件夹
'compileDir' => 'cache/', //编译后存放的目录
'cache_html' => true, //是否需要编译成静态的html文件
'suffix_cache' => '.html', //设置编译文件的后缀
'cache_time' => 7200, //设置多长时间自动更新
'php_turn' => true, //设置是否支持php原生代码
'debug' => false,
);
public $file; //模板文件名,不带路径
public $debug = array(); //调试信息
private $value = array(); //值栈
private $compileTool; //编译器
private $controlData = array();
static private $instance = null; //模板类对象
public function __construct($arrayConfig = array())
{
$this->debug['begin'] = microtime(true);
$this->arrayConfig = array_merge($this->arrayConfig, $arrayConfig);
$this->getPath();
if(!is_dir($this->arrayConfig['templateDir']))
{
exit("template dir isn't found!");
}
if(!is_dir($this->arrayConfig['compileDir']))
{
if(strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS,0,3)) === 'WIN')
{
mkdir($this->arrayConfig['compileDir']);
}
else
{
mkdir($this->arrayConfig['compileDir'], 0770, true);
}
}
include('Compile.class.php');
}
public function getPath()
{
$this->arrayConfig['templateDir'] = strstr(realpath($this->arrayConfig['templateDir']), '\\', '/').'/';
$this->arrayConfig['compileDir'] = strstr(realpath($this->arrayConfig['compileDir'])), '\\', '/').'/';
}
/**
* 取得模板引擎的实例
*/
public static function getInstance()
{
if(is_null(self::$instance))
{
self::$instance = new Template();
}
return self::$instance;
}
/**
* 单独设置引擎参数
* 也支持一次性设置多个参数
*/
public function setConfig($key, $value = null)
{
if(is_array($key))
{
$this->arrayConfig = $key + $this->arrayConfig;
}
else
{
$this->arrayConfig[$key] = $value;
}
}
/**
* 获取当前模板引擎配置，仅供调试使用
*/
public function getConfig($key = null)
{
if($key && array_key_exists($key, $this->arrayConfig))
{
return $this->arrayConfig[$key];
}
else
{
return $this->arrayConfig;
}
}
/**
* 注入单个变量
*/
public function assign($key, $value)
{
$this->value[$key] = $value;
}
/**
* 注入数组变量
*/
public function assignArray($array)
{
if(is_array($array))
{
foreach ($array as $k => $v) {
$this->value[$k] = $v;
}
}
}
/**
* 获取模板的位置
* @return [type] [description]
*/
public function path()
{
return $this->arrayConfig['templateDir'].$this->file.$this->arrayConfig['suffix'];
}
/**
* 判断配置文件是否要求缓存
*/
public function needCache()
{
return $this->arrayConfig['cache_html'];
}
/**
* 判断是否需要缓存
*/
public function reCache($file)
{
$flag = false;
$cacheFile = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($file).$this->arrayConfig['suffix_cache'];
if($this->arrayConfig['cache_html'] === true)
{
//需要缓存
$timeFlag = (time() - @filemtime($cacheFile)) < $this->arrayConfig['cache_time'] ? true : false;
if(is_file($cacheFile) && filesize($cacheFile) > 1 && $timeFlag)
{
//缓存存在且未过期
$flag = true;
}
else
{
$flag = false;
}
}
return $flag;
}
/**
* 展示模板
*/
public function show($file)
{
$this->file = $file;
if(!is_file($this->path()))
{
exit('找不到对应的模板');
}
$compileFile = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($file).'.php';
$cacheFile = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($file).$this->arrayConfig['suffix_cache'];
if($this->reCache($file) === false)
{
//如果需要缓存
$this->debug['cached'] = 'false';
$this->compileTool = new Compile($this->path(), $compileFile, $this->arrayConfig);
if($this->needCache())
{
ob_start();
}
extract($this->value, EXTR_OVERWRITE);
if(!is_file($compileFile) || fileatime($compileFile) < filemtime($this->path()))
{
$this->compileTool->value = $this->value;
$this->compileTool->compile();
include $compileFile;
}
else
{
include $compileFile;
}
if($this->needCache())
{
$message = ob_get_contents();
file_put_contents($cacheFile, $message);
}
}
else
{
readfile($cacheFile);
$this->debug['cached'] = 'true';
}
$this->debug['spend'] = microtime(true) - $this->debug['begin'];
$this->debug['count'] = count($this->value);
$this->debug_info();
}
public function debug_info()
{
if($this->arrayConfig['debug'] === true)
{
echo "<br/>", '-------------------- debug_info--------------', "<br/>";
echo '程序运行日期:', date("Y-m-d h:i:s"), "<br/>";
echo '模板解析耗时:', $this->debug['spend'], '秒', "<br/>";
echo '模板包含标签数目:', $this->debug['count'], "<br/>";
echo '是否使用静态缓存:', $this->debug['cached'], "<br/>";
echo '模板引擎实例参数:', var_dump($this->getConfig());
}
}
/**
* 清楚缓存的html文件
* @return [type] [description]
*/
public function clean()
{
if($path === null)
{
$path = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'];
$path = glob($path.'* '.$this->arrayConfig['suffix_cache']);
}
else
{
$path = $this->arrayConfig['compileDir'].md5($path).$this->arrayConfig['suffix_cache'];
}
foreach ((array)$path as $v) {
unlink($v);
}
}
}
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test.php
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<?php
include 'Template.class.php';
$tpl = new Template(array('debug' => true));
$tpl->assign('data', 'hello world');
$tpl->assign('person', 'htGod');
$tpl->assign('data1', 3);
$arr = array(1,2,3,4,'5',6);
$tpl->assign('b', $arr);
$tpl->show('member');
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希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。