本文实例讲述了python实现的文轩网爬虫。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
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encoding=utf8
import pymysql
import time
import sys
import requests
import os
#捕获错误
import traceback
import types
#将html实体化
import cgi
import warnings
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
from pyquery import pyquery as pq
from lxml import etree
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
#屏蔽错误
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
#下载图片
def dowloadpic(imageurl,filepath):
r = requests.get(imageurl,timeout=60)
status=r.status_code
if status == 404:
return 404
with open(filepath, "wb") as code:
code.write(r.content)
#根据详情页地址抓取数据并插入数据库
def getdata(final_url):
file_open=open('./url.txt', 'w')
file_open.write(final_url)
file_open.close()
#链接数据库
conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='root', db='bookinfo', charset='utf8')
#设置浮标
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.dictcursor)
#解析详情页面
try:
detail_url=final_url
c=pq(detail_url)
head=c('html').attr('xmlns')
err='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'
err1='http://www.winxuan.com/cms/2016db_sh'
if head == err or head == err1:
return 'back'
except exception, e:
return 'back'
i=0
while i<12:
text = c('#page').find('.cont').find('li').eq(i).text()
text=text.replace(' ','')
if 'i s b n' in text:
isbn=text.replace('i s b n：','')
isbn=isbn.strip()
sel='select count(*) from bi_book where isbn ='+isbn
cursor.execute(sel)
result=cursor.fetchone()
count=result['count(*)']
if count != 0 :
print u'已存在'
return 'back'
if 'isbn：' in text :
isbn=text.replace('isbn：','')
isbn=isbn.strip()
sel='select count(*) from bi_book where isbn ='+isbn
cursor.execute(sel)
result=cursor.fetchone()
count=result['count(*)']
if count != 0 :
print u'已存在'
return 'back'
if '作者：' in text :
author = text.replace('作者：','')
if '出版社：' in text :
press_name=text.replace('出版社：','')
if '版次：' in text :
edition=text.replace('版次：','')
if '印次：' in text :
impressions=text.replace('印次：','')
if '装帧：' in text :
packaging=text.replace('装帧：','')
if '开本：' in text:
size=text.replace('开本：','')
if '出版时间：' in text:
press_time=text.replace('出版时间：','')
press_time=press_time.strip()
if press_time == '无':
press_time='1970-01-01'
if '印刷时间：' in text:
print_time=text.replace('印刷时间：','')
print_time=print_time.strip()
if print_time== '无':
print_time='1970-01-01'
if '页数：' in text:
page_num=text.replace('页数：','')
if '字数：' in text:
word_num=text.replace('字数：','')
i+=1
if ('author' in locals().keys()) == false:
author = ''
if ('press_time' in locals().keys()) == false:
press_time = '1970-01-01'
if ('print_time' in locals().keys()) == false:
print_time = '1970-01-01'
if ('impressions' in locals().keys()) == false:
impressions = ''
if ('edition' in locals().keys())== false:
edition = ''
if ('page_num' in locals().keys())== false:
page_num = ''
if ('word_num' in locals().keys())== false:
word_num = ''
if ('packaging' in locals().keys())== false:
packaging = ''
if ('size' in locals().keys())== false:
size = ''
if ('press_name' in locals().keys())== false:
press_name = ''
#暂无图片地址
none_img='http://static.winxuancdn.com/goods/sml_blank.jpg'
#获取大小图地址
big_path=c('.info-side').find('.img').find('a').find('img').attr('src')
if big_path is none:
return 'back'
elif big_path == none_img :
big_path=''
small_path=''
else :
small_path=big_path.replace('_16','_11')
#获取分类
#先获取a标签html
ahtml=c('#page').find('.base-nav').eq(0).html()
#解析a标签html
cate=pq(ahtml)
#获取分类的最后一个分类
category=cate('a:last').text()
#获取书名
name=c('.info-main').find('.name').eq(0).find('h1').eq(0).text()
name=name.strip()
#获取价格
price=c('.info-main').find('.attr').eq(0).find('.price-n').eq(0).find('b').text()
price=price.replace('¥','')
#循环获取内容简介和目录信息
k=5
while k<12:
title=c('#page').find('.title').eq(k).find('.tab').find('h4').text()
if '内容简介' in title:
con=c('#page').find('.title').eq(k).nextall()
det=pq(con)
content=det('.text-words-1').html()
content=content.encode("utf8", "ignore");
if '目录' in title:
con=c('#page').find('.title').eq(k).nextall()
dry=pq(con)
directory=dry('.text-words-1').html()
directory=directory.encode("utf8", "ignore");
k+=1
#如果内容简介和目录没有的时候指定为空字符串
if ('content' in locals().keys())== false:
content = ''
if ('directory' in locals().keys())== false:
directory = ''
details = '内容简介<br>'+content+'<br><br>目录<br>'+directory
details=cgi.escape(details)
#录入时间
add_time = time.strftime('%y-%m-%d',time.localtime(time.time()))
#下载小图
#文件根目录
root_path=sys.path[0]
#创建isbn文件夹路径
root_path=root_path.replace('\\','/')
isbn_path=root_path+'/download/'+isbn
if big_path != '' and small_path !='' :
#创建isbn目录
if os.path.isdir(isbn_path) ==false :
os.mkdir(isbn_path)
#组合下载后图片保存路径
down_img_small = isbn_path+"/small"+isbn+".jpg"
down_img_big = isbn_path+'/big'+isbn+".jpg"
#调用下载图片方法
small_res=dowloadpic(small_path,down_img_small)
#大图保存数据库路径
big_res=dowloadpic(big_path,down_img_big)
#小图保存数据库路径
if small_res==404 :
img_small = 'none-picture/none-small.jpg'
else :
img_small = 'download/'+isbn+'/small'+isbn+'.jpg'
if big_res==404 :
img_big = 'none-picture/none-big.jpg'
else :
img_big = 'download/'+isbn+'/big'+isbn+'.jpg'
else :
#组合保存数据库中的图片路径
img_small = 'download/'+isbn+'/small'+isbn+'.jpg'
img_big = 'download/'+isbn+'/big'+isbn+'.jpg'
else :
img_big = 'none-picture/none-big.jpg'
img_small = 'none-picture/none-small.jpg'
source_type = 3
try :
#要插入的列表
li=[0,source_type,category,details,detail_url,price,add_time,packaging,print_time,impressions,name,author,press_name,isbn,edition,size,press_time,page_num,word_num,img_big,img_small]
#执行sql
sql="insert into bi_book (book_id,source_type,category,details,detail_url,price,add_time,packaging,print_time,impressions,name,author,press_name,isbn,edition,size,press_time,page_num,word_num,img_big,img_small) values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)"
aaa=cursor.execute(sql,li)
if aaa==1:
print u'插入成功'
conn.commit()
except exception, e :
return 'back'
def winxuan(n):
#首页解析
home_url='http://www.winxuan.com/'
h=pq(home_url)
#分类导航链接
menu=h('.mod-mainmenu').find('dd').find('a').eq(n).attr('href')
#print menu
#分类书籍首页
try:
mh=pq(menu)
except exception, e :
return 'backs'
# text=mh('.main').find('a').text()
# text=text.encode("gbk", "ignore");
li=[]
u=0
while u<248 :
detail_urls=mh('.main').find('a').eq(u).attr('href')
#将取到所有地址放入到列表当中
li.append(detail_urls)
u+=1
#进行列表去重
li=list(set(li))
for final_url in li:
try:
result=getdata(final_url)
except exception, e :
continue
if result=='back' :
continue
print 'ok,finished'
n=0
while n<58:
while n<58:
print n
string=str(n)
file_open=open('./number.txt', 'w')
file_open.write(string)
file_open.close()
res=winxuan(n)
n+=1
if res=='backs' :
continue
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希望本文所述对大家python程序设计有所帮助。
原文链接：https://blog.****.net/qq_35979073/article/details/79354260