本文实例讲述了mysql多表联合查询操作。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
MySQL多表联合查询是MySQL数据库的一种查询方式,下面就为您介绍MySQL多表联合查询的语法,供您参考学习之用。
MySQL多表联合查询语法:
mysql版本大于4.0,使用UNION
进行查询,示例如下:
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SELECT `id`, ` name `, ` date `, '' AS `type` FROM table_A WHERE 条件语句……
UNION
SELECT `id`, ` name `, ` date `, '未完成' AS `type` FROM table_B WHERE 条件语句……
ORDER BY `id` LIMIT num;
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mysql版本小于4.0,需要建立临时表,分为三步,示例如下:
第一步:建立临时表tmp_table_name并插入table_A中的相关记录
第二步:从table_B中取得相关记录插入临时表tmp_table_name中
第三步:从临时表tmp_table_name中取出记录
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SELECT * FROM tmp_table_name ORDER BY id DESC
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union和order by、limit区别分析
代码示例:
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CREATE TABLE `test1` (
`id` int (10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
` name ` varchar (20) NOT NULL ,
` desc ` varchar (100) NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
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1. 以下查询会报错误:[Err] 1221 - Incorrect usage of UNION and ORDER BY
代码示例:
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select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name
union
select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
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修改为:
代码示例:
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select * from test1 where name like 'A%'
union
select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
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说明,在union中,不用括号的情况下,只能用一个order by(思考:union两边的order by的列名不一样时,会出现什么样的结果?),这会对union后的结果集进行排序。
修改为:
代码示例:
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( select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name )
union
( select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name )
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也是可以的,这两个order by在union前进行。
2. 同样
代码示例:
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select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10
union
select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20
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相当于:
代码示例:
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( select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10)
union
( select * from test1 where name like 'B%' ) limit 20
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即后一个limit作用于的是union后的结果集,而不是union后的select。
也可以用括号括起来,以得到预期的结果:
3. UNION和UNION ALL区别
union会过滤掉union两边的select结果集中的重复的行,而union all不会过滤掉重复的行。
代码示例:
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( select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10)
union
( select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20)
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下面试一个年龄段分析的复杂sql语句
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(
SELECT
'5~19' AS `age`,
SUM (`impression`) AS impression,
SUM (`click`) AS click,
sum (`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
(`age` <= 19)
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61' )
)
AND (` date ` >= '2015-11-22' )
)
AND (` date ` <= '2017-02-20' )
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'20~29' AS `age`,
SUM (`impression`) AS impression,
SUM (`click`) AS click,
sum (`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 29) AND (`age` >= 20))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61' )
)
AND (` date ` >= '2015-11-22' )
)
AND (` date ` <= '2017-02-20' )
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'30~39' AS `age`,
SUM (`impression`) AS impression,
SUM (`click`) AS click,
sum (`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 39) AND (`age` >= 30))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61' )
)
AND (` date ` >= '2015-11-22' )
)
AND (` date ` <= '2017-02-20' )
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'40~49' AS `age`,
SUM (`impression`) AS impression,
SUM (`click`) AS click,
sum (`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 49) AND (`age` >= 40))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61' )
)
AND (` date ` >= '2015-11-22' )
)
AND (` date ` <= '2017-02-20' )
)
UNION
(
SELECT
'50~59' AS `age`,
SUM (`impression`) AS impression,
SUM (`click`) AS click,
sum (`cost`) AS cost
FROM
`adgroup_age_report`
WHERE
(
(
((`age` <= 59) AND (`age` >= 50))
AND (`adgroup_id` = '61' )
)
AND (` date ` >= '2015-11-22' )
)
AND (` date ` <= '2017-02-20' )
)
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希望本文所述对大家MySQL数据库计有所帮助。
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/isuben/p/3831074.html