Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

时间：2022-11-01 09:08:15

原生上传图片方式

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#新建工程
python manage.py startapp test30
#修改 settings.py
installed_apps = [
  'django.contrib.admin',
  'django.contrib.auth',
  'django.contrib.contenttypes',
  'django.contrib.sessions',
  'django.contrib.messages',
  'django.contrib.staticfiles',
  'stu'
]
#修改urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
 
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
  url(r'student/',include('stu.urls')),
]
#新增加 stu/urls.py
#coding:utf-8
from django.conf.urls import url
import views
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^$',views.index_view)
]
#编辑 stu/views.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
from django.http import httpresponse
from django.shortcuts import render
 
# create your views here.
#原生上传文件方式
def index_view(request):
  if request.method == 'get':
    return render(request,'index.html')
  elif request.method == 'post':
    #获取请求参数
    uname = request.post.get('uname','')
    photo = request.files.get('photo','')
    print photo.name
    import os
    print os.getcwd()
    if not os.path.exists('media'):
       os.mkdir('media')
    #拼接路径
    with open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',photo.name),'wb') as fw:
      # photo.read() #一次性读取文件到内存
      # fw.write(photo.read())
 
      #分块读取，性能高
      for ck in photo.chunks():
        fw.write(ck)
 
    return httpresponse('it is post request,上传成功')
 
  else:
    return httpresponse('it is not post and get request!')
#新增加模板文件 templates/index.html
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/student/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>
    <label for="ua">姓名: </label> <input type="text" name="uname" id="ua"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    <label for="ph">头像: </label> <input type="file" name="photo" id="ph"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;<input type="submit" value="注册"/>
  </p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
#效果如下:
访问: http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

django 图片上传方式

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需求：
效果: 访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 通过注册将姓名、头像地址传入数据库中；
访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall 将数据库信息通过表格形式展示
 
###过程
#修改 settings.py ，templates 新增加 'django.template.context_processors.media'
templates = [
  {
    'backend': 'django.template.backends.django.djangotemplates',
    'dirs': [os.path.join(base_dir, 'templates')]
    ,
    'app_dirs': true,
    'options': {
      'context_processors': [
        'django.template.context_processors.debug',
        'django.template.context_processors.request',
        'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
        'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
        'django.template.context_processors.media'
      ],
    },
  },
]
 
末尾增加：
# global_settings
#指定上传文件存储相对路径（读取文件）
media_url = '/media/'
#指定上传文件存储绝对路径（存储文件）
media_root = os.path.join(base_dir,'media')
 
#创建数据库模型 stu/models.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
from django.db import models
 
# create your models here.
 
class student(models.model):
  sno = models.autofield(primary_key=true)
  sname = models.charfield(max_length=30)
  photo = models.imagefield(upload_to='imgs')
 
  def __unicode__(self):
    return u'student:%s'%self.sname
#生成数据库迁移文件,查看数据库表结构
python makemigrations stu
python migrate
 
 
#修改 urls.py 因为显示问题，增加 debug 内容
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
 
from test30.settings import debug, media_root
 
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
  url(r'student/',include('stu.urls')),
]
from django.views.static import serve
if debug:
  urlpatterns+=url(r'^media/(?p<path>.*)/$', serve, {"document_root": media_root}),
 
#修改 urls， stu/urls.py
#coding:utf-8
from django.conf.urls import url
import views
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^$',views.index_view),
  url(r'^upload/$',views.upload_view),
  url(r'^showall/$',views.showall_view)
]
 
# 修改 stu/views.py
#django 上传文件方式
def upload_view(request):
  uname = request.post.get('uname','')
  photo = request.files.get('photo','')
  #入库操作
  student.objects.create(sname=uname,photo=photo)
  return httpresponse('上传成功!')
 
#显示图片
def showall_view(request):
  stus = student.objects.all()
  print stus
  return render(request,'show.html',{'stus':stus})
 
# 修改 index.html
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/student/upload/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>
    <label for="ua">姓名: </label> <input type="text" name="uname" id="ua"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    <label for="ph">头像: </label> <input type="file" name="photo" id="ph"/>
  </p>
  <p>
    &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;<input type="submit" value="注册"/>
  </p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
# 增加模板文件 show.html
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width="500px" border="1" cellspacing="0">
  <tr>
    <th>编号</th>
    <th>姓名</th>
    <th>头像</th>
    <th>操作</th>
  </tr>
  {% for stu in stus %}
  <tr>
  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
  <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td>
  <td><img style="width: 200px;" src="{{ media_url }}{{ stu.photo }}"/></td>
  <td> 下载</td>
  </tr>
  {% endfor %}
 
</table>
</body>
</html>
效果图：
http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/ 注册实现数据库录入操作(点击提交通过index.html 中action="/student/upload/" 将url 转发至函数upload_view ，实现上传功能)
http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ 实现数据库信息展示

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

图片下载功能

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### 需求
在显示页面点击下载实现图片的下载功能
过程：
 
#修改 show.html ，加入 下载的超链接
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width="500px" border="1" cellspacing="0">
  <tr>
    <th>编号</th>
    <th>姓名</th>
    <th>头像</th>
    <th>操作</th>
  </tr>
  {% for stu in stus %}
  <tr>
  <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
  <td>{{ stu.sname }}</td>
  <td><img style="width: 200px;" src="{{ media_url }}{{ stu.photo }}"/></td>
  <td><a href="/student/download/?photo={{ stu.photo }}" rel="external nofollow" >下载</a></td>
  </tr>
  {% endfor %}
 
</table>
</body>
</html>
 
 
#因为 show.html href="/student/download ，所以要修改urls
#修改 stu/urls.py,新增加 url
url(r'^download/$',views.download_view)
 
#修改 stu/views.py
 
def download_view(request):
  # 获取请求参数（图片存储位置） imgs/5566.jpg
  photo = request.get.get('photo','')
  print photo
 
  # 获取图片文件名5566.jpg ; rindex 为字符 '/' 在 photo 中最后出现的位置索引；例如
  # txt = "imgs/5566.jpg"
  # x = txt.rindex("/")
  # print txt[x + 1:]  输出结果为 5566.jpg
  filename = photo[photo.rindex('/')+1:]
  print filename
  #开启一个流
  import os
  path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'media',photo.replace('/','\\'))
  print path
 
  with open(path,'rb') as fr:
    response = httpresponse(fr.read())
    response['content-type']='image/png'
    response['content-disposition'] = 'attachment;filename=' + filename
 
  return response
 
#访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/showall/ ，点击下载

Django 实现图片上传和下载功能

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原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/lixinliang/p/14108663.html

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