之前做的需求都是客户端请求服务器响应,新需求是服务器主动推送信息到客户端.百度之后有流、长轮询、websoket等方式进行.但是目前更加推崇且合理的显然是websocket.
从springboot官网翻译了一些资料,再加上百度简单实现了springboot使用websocekt与客户端的双工通信.
1.首先搭建一个简单的springboot环境
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<!-- inherit defaults from spring boot -->
<parent>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactid>
<version>2.0.4.release</version>
</parent>
<!-- add typical dependencies for a web application -->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
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2.引入springboot整合websocket依赖
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<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-websocket -->
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactid>
<version>2.0.4.release</version>
</dependency>
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3.创建启动springboot的核心类
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package com;
import org.springframework.boot.springapplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.springbootapplication;
@springbootapplication
public class globalconfig {
public static void main(string[] args) {
springapplication.run(globalconfig.class, args);
}
}
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4.创建websocket服务器
正如springboot 官网推荐的websocket案例,需要实现websockethandler或者继承textwebsockethandler/binarywebsockethandler当中的任意一个.
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package com.xiaoer.handler;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.jsonobject;
import org.springframework.web.socket.textmessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.websocketsession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.textwebsockethandler;
import java.util.hashmap;
import java.util.map;
/**
* 相当于controller的处理器
*/
public class myhandler extends textwebsockethandler {
@override
protected void handletextmessage(websocketsession session, textmessage message) throws exception {
string payload = message.getpayload();
map<string, string> map = jsonobject.parseobject(payload, hashmap.class);
system.out.println("=====接受到的数据"+map);
session.sendmessage(new textmessage("服务器返回收到的信息," + payload));
}
}
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5.注册处理器
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package com.xiaoer.config;
import com.xiaoer.handler.myhandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.websockethandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.enablewebsocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.websocketconfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.websockethandlerregistry;
@configuration
@enablewebsocket
public class websocketconfig implements websocketconfigurer {
@override
public void registerwebsockethandlers(websockethandlerregistry registry) {
registry.addhandler(myhandler(), "myhandler/{id}");
}
public websockethandler myhandler() {
return new myhandler();
}
}
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6.运行访问
出现如上图是因为不能直接通过http协议访问,需要通过html5的ws://协议进行访问.
7.创建html5 客户端
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<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<input id="text" type="text" />
<button onclick="send()">send</button>
<button onclick="closewebsocket()">close</button>
<div id="message">
</div>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
var userid="888";
var websocket=null;
$(function(){
connectwebsocket();
})
//建立websocket连接
function connectwebsocket(){
console.log("开始...");
//建立websocket连接
websocket = new websocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8080/myhandler/id="+userid);
//打开websokcet连接时，回调该函数
websocket.onopen = function () {
console.log("onpen");
}
//关闭websocket连接时，回调该函数
websocket.onclose = function () {
//关闭连接
console.log("onclose");
}
//接收信息
websocket.onmessage = function (msg) {
console.log(msg.data);
}
}
//发送消息
function send(){
var postvalue={};
postvalue.id=userid;
postvalue.message=$("#text").val();
websocket.send(json.stringify(postvalue));
}
//关闭连接
function closewebsocket(){
if(websocket != null) {
websocket.close();
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
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8.运行
利用客户端运行之后仍然会出现上图中的一连接就中断了websocket连接.
这是因为spring默认不接受跨域访问:
as of spring framework 4.1.5, the default behavior for websocket and sockjs is to accept only same origin requests.
需要在websocketconfig中设置setallowedorigins.
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package com.xiaoer.config;
import com.xiaoer.handler.myhandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.websockethandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.enablewebsocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.websocketconfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.websockethandlerregistry;
@configuration
@enablewebsocket
public class websocketconfig implements websocketconfigurer {
@override
public void registerwebsockethandlers(websockethandlerregistry registry) {
registry.addhandler(myhandler(), "myhandler/{id}")
.setallowedorigins("*");
}
public websockethandler myhandler() {
return new myhandler();
}
}
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如下图,并未输出中断,说明连接成功.
9.服务器和客户端的相互通信
服务器端收到消息
客户端收到服务器主动推送消息
以上就是一个最基础的springboot简单应用.还可以通过拦截器、重写websocketconfigurer中的方法进行更为复杂的属性操作.具体可以参考springboot集成websocket【基于纯h5】进行点对点[一对一]和广播[一对多]实时推送
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000016012270