一、实现方法
1.纯模板语言实现
2.自定义simpletag实现(本质是简化了纯模板语言的判断)
二、基本原理
原理都是通过django路由系统,匹配url筛选条件,将筛选条件作为数据库查询结果,返回给前端。
例如:路由系统中的url格式是这样:
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url(r '^article-(?P<article_type_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+).html' ,views. filter )
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其中article_type_id和category_id和数据库中字段是相对应的,此时当一个url为article-1-2.html时候,后台处理函数的参数将是一个字典{'article_type_id': 1, 'category_id': 1},然后将该条件作为数据库查询条件,最后得出结果返回给前端
三、代码样例
方法1:纯模板语言实现
urls.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
#Author:wd
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r '^$' ,views.index),
url(r '^article-(?P<article_type_id>\d+)-(?P<category_id>\d+).html' ,views. filter ),
]
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models.py
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from django.db import models
class Category(models.Model):
caption = models.CharField(max_length = 64 )
class Article_type(models.Model):
caption = models.CharField(max_length = 64 )
class Article(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length = 64 )
content = models.CharField(max_length = 256 )
category = models.ForeignKey(to = 'Category' )
article_type = models.ForeignKey(to = 'Article_type'
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views.py
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def filter (request, * args, * * kwargs):
if request.method = = "GET" :
condition = {}
for k,v in kwargs.items():
kwargs[k] = int (v) #模板if判断row.id是数字,所以这里需要转换
if v = = "0" : #当条件为0代表所选的是全部,那么就不必要加入到过滤条件中
pass
else :
condition[k] = int (v)
aritcle = models.Article.objects. filter ( * * condition)
aritcle_type = models.Article_type.objects. all ()
aritcle_category = models.Category.objects. all ()
return render(request, 'search.html' ,{
'aritcle' :aritcle,
'article_type' :aritcle_type,
'article_category' :aritcle_category,
'article_arg' :kwargs, #将当前的筛选条件传递给html
})
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html模板
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<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "en" >
< head >
< meta charset = "UTF-8" >
< title >Title</ title >
< style >
.container a{
display: inline-block;
padding: 3px 5px;
margin: 5px;
border: 1px solid #dddddd ;
}
.active{
background-color: rebeccapurple;
}
</ style >
</ head >
< body >
< h1 >搜索条件</ h1 >
< div class = "container" >
{% if article_arg.article_type_id == 0 %}
< a class = "active" href = "/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >全部</ a >
{% else %}
< a href = "/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >全部</ a >
{% endif %}
{% for row in article_type %}
{% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
< a class = "active" href = "/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</ a >
{% else %}
< a href = "/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</ a >
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</ div >
< div class = "container" >
{% if article_arg.category_id == 0 %}
< a class = "active" href = "/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-0.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >全部</ a >
{% else %}
< a href = "/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-0.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >全部</ a >
{% endif %}
{% for row in article_category %}
{% if row.id == article_arg.category_id %}
< a class = "active" href = "/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</ a >
{% else %}
< a href = "/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" rel = "external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</ a >
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</ div >
< h1 >查询结果</ h1 >
< div >
{% for row in aritcle %}
< div >{{ row.id }}-{{ row.title }}</ div >
{% endfor %}
</ div >
</ body >
</ html >
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方法二:使用simpletag实现
定义simpletag
myfilter.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
#_*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
#Author:wd
from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
register = template.Library()
@register .simple_tag
def filter_all(article_arg,condition):
'''
处理条件为全部
:param article_arg: 当前url字典:如{'article_type_id': 1, 'category_id': 1}
:param condition: 要处理的条件,如article_type_id,用于区分当前处理选择了那个全部
:return: 返回下面页面形式
{% if article_arg.article_type_id == 0 %}
<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
{% else %}
<a href="/cmdb/article-0-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>
{% endif %}
{% for row in article_type %}
{% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
{% else %}
<a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
'''
if condition = = 'article_type_id' :
if article_arg[condition] = = 0 :
print (article_arg[ 'category_id' ])
res = '<a class ="active" href="/cmdb/article-0-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg[ 'category_id' ]
else :
res = '<a href="/cmdb/article-0-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg[ 'category_id' ]
return mark_safe(res)
elif condition = = 'category_id' :
if article_arg[ 'category_id' ] = = 0 :
res = '<a class ="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg[ 'article_type_id' ]
else :
res = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-0.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >全部</a>' % article_arg[ 'article_type_id' ]
return mark_safe(res)
@register .simple_tag
def filter_type(article_type,article_arg):
'''
:param article_type: article_type对象
:param article_arg: 当前url字典
:return:
{% for row in article_type %}
{% if row.id == article_arg.article_type_id %}
<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
{% else %}
<a href="/cmdb/article-{{ row.id }}-{{ article_arg.category_id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
'''
res = []
for row in article_type:
if row. id = = article_arg[ 'article_type_id' ]:
temp = '<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (row. id ,article_arg[ 'category_id' ],row.caption)
else :
temp = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (row. id , article_arg[ 'category_id' ],row.caption)
res.append(temp)
return mark_safe("".join(res))
@register .simple_tag
def filter_category(article_category,article_arg):
'''
:param article_type: article_category对象
:param article_arg: 当前url字典
:return:
{% for row in article_category %}
{% if row.id == article_arg.category_id %}
<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
{% else %}
<a href="/cmdb/article-{{ article_arg.article_type_id }}-{{ row.id }}.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >{{ row.caption }}</a>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
'''
res = []
for row in article_category:
if row. id = = article_arg[ 'category_id' ]:
temp = '<a class="active" href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (article_arg[ 'article_type_id' ],row. id ,row.caption)
else :
temp = '<a href="/cmdb/article-%s-%s.html" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >%s</a>' % (article_arg[ 'article_type_id' ],row. id ,row.caption)
res.append(temp)
return mark_safe("".join(res))
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html模板
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{% load myfilter %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "en" >
< head >
< meta charset = "UTF-8" >
< title >Title</ title >
< style >
.container a{
display: inline-block;
padding: 3px 5px;
margin: 5px;
border: 1px solid #dddddd ;
}
.active{
background-color: rebeccapurple;
}
</ style >
</ head >
< body >
< h1 >搜索条件</ h1 >
< div class = "container" >
{% filter_all article_arg 'article_type_id' %}
{% filter_type article_type article_arg %}
</ div >
< div class = "container" >
{% filter_all article_arg 'category_id' %}
{% filter_category article_category article_arg %}
</ div >
< h1 >查询结果</ h1 >
< div >
{% for row in aritcle %}
< div >{{ row.id }}-{{ row.title }}</ div >
{% endfor %}
</ div >
</ body >
</ html >
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ps附上简图:
四、其他变化
在如上的示例中,我们的过滤条件是从数据库中拿到,有时候我们定义的时候使用的是静态字段,此时组合搜索会稍微修改。
1.model定义
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class Article(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length = 64 )
content = models.CharField(max_length = 256 )
category = models.ForeignKey(to = 'Category' )
article_type = ( #使用静态字段放入内存
( 1 , 'linux' ),
( 2 , 'python' ),
( 3 , 'go' ),
)
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2.处理函数变化
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###获取####
aritcle_type = models.Article.article_type #直接获取类的静态字段
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3.simpletag相应改变
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###由于我们传递的元祖,所以取值使用元祖方式
article_type[ 0 ] # 筛选条件id
article_type[ 1 ] # 筛选条件名称
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/wdliu/p/8331375.html