js中使用Typeof能得到哪些基本类型
考点:js变量类型
typeof运算符把类型信息当作字符串返回。typeof返回值有六种可能: "number," "string," "boolean," "object," "function,"和 "undefined."
我们可以使用typeof来获取一个变量是否存在,如if(typeof a!="undefined"){},而不要去使用if(a)因为如果a不存在(未声明)则会出错
对于Array,Null等特殊对象使用typeof一律返回object,这正是typeof的局限性
typeof只能区分值类型的(number,string,undefined,boolean),不能区分引用类型的(数组,对象)
if(document.mylist.length !=“undefined”) {} 这个用法有误.
正确的是 if( typeof(document.mylist.length) !=“undefined”) {}
或 if( !isNaN(document.mylist.length) ) {}
typeof的运算数未定义,返回的就是 “undefined”.
运算数为数字 typeof(x) =“number”
字符串 typeof(x) =“string”
布尔值 typeof(x) =“boolean”
对象,数组和null typeof(x) =“object”
函数 typeof(x) =“function”
// Numbers
typeof 37 === 'number';
typeof 3.14 === 'number';
typeof(42) === 'number';
typeof Math.LN2 === 'number';
typeof Infinity === 'number';
typeof NaN === 'number'; // Despite being "Not-A-Number"
typeof Number(1) === 'number'; // but never use this form!
// Strings
typeof "" === 'string';
typeof "bla" === 'string';
typeof (typeof 1) === 'string'; // typeof always returns a string
typeof String("abc") === 'string'; // but never use this form!
// Booleans
typeof true === 'boolean';
typeof false === 'boolean';
typeof Boolean(true) === 'boolean'; // but never use this form!
// Undefinedtypeof undefined === 'undefined';typeof declaredButUndefinedVariable === 'undefined';typeof undeclaredVariable === 'undefined';
// Objects
typeof {a:1} === 'object';
// use Array.isArray or Object.prototype.toString.call
// to differentiate regular objects from arrays
typeof [1, 2, 4] === 'object';
typeof new Date() === 'object';
// The following is confusing. Don't use!
typeof new Boolean(true) === 'object';
typeof new Number(1) === 'object';
typeof new String("abc") === 'object';
// Functions
typeof function(){} === 'function';
typeof class C {} === 'function';
typeof Math.sin === 'function';
如果我们希望获取一个对象是否是数组,或判断某个变量是否是某个对象的实例则要选择使用instanceof。instanceof用于判断一个变量是否某个对象的实例,如var a=new Array();alert(a instanceof Array);会返回true,同时alert(a instanceof Object)也会返回true;这是因为Array是object的子类。再如:function test(){};var a=new test();alert(a instanceof test)会返回true