一、web.py简介
web.py是一款轻量级的Python web开发框架,简单、高效、学习成本低,特别适合作为python web开发的入门框架。官方站点:http://webpy.org/
二、web.py安装
1、下载:http://webpy.org/static/web.py-0.33.tar.gz
2、解压并进入web.py-0.33目录,安装:python setup.py install
三、创建简易博客
1、目录说明:主目录blog/,模板目录blog/templates
2、在数据库“test”中创建表“entries”
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CREATE TABLE entries (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
title TEXT,
content TEXT,
posted_on DATETIME,
primary key (id)
);
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3、在主目录创建blog.py,blog/blog.py
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#载入框架
import web
#载入数据库操作model(稍后创建)
import model
#URL映射
urls = (
'/' , 'Index' ,
'/view/(/d+)' , 'View' ,
'/new' , 'New' ,
'/delete/(/d+)' , 'Delete' ,
'/edit/(/d+)' , 'Edit' ,
'/login' , 'Login' ,
'/logout' , 'Logout' ,
)
app = web.application(urls, globals ())
#模板公共变量
t_globals = {
'datestr' : web.datestr,
'cookie' : web.cookies,
}
#指定模板目录,并设定公共模板
render = web.template.render( 'templates' , base = 'base' , globals = t_globals)
#创建登录表单
login = web.form.Form(
web.form.Textbox( 'username' ),
web.form.Password( 'password' ),
web.form.Button( 'login' )
)
#首页类
class Index:
def GET( self ):
login_form = login()
posts = model.get_posts()
return render.index(posts, login_form)
def POST( self ):
login_form = login()
if login_form.validates():
if login_form.d.username = = 'admin' /
and login_form.d.password = = 'admin' :
web.setcookie( 'username' , login_form.d.username)
raise web.seeother( '/' )
#查看文章类
class View:
def GET( self , id ):
post = model.get_post( int ( id ))
return render.view(post)
#新建文章类
class New:
form = web.form.Form(
web.form.Textbox( 'title' ,
web.form.notnull,
size = 30 ,
description = 'Post title: ' ),
web.form.Textarea( 'content' ,
web.form.notnull,
rows = 30 ,
cols = 80 ,
description = 'Post content: ' ),
web.form.Button( 'Post entry' ),
)
def GET( self ):
form = self .form()
return render.new(form)
def POST( self ):
form = self .form()
if not form.validates():
return render.new(form)
model.new_post(form.d.title, form.d.content)
raise web.seeother( '/' )
#删除文章类
class Delete:
def POST( self , id ):
model.del_post( int ( id ))
raise web.seeother( '/' )
#编辑文章类
class Edit:
def GET( self , id ):
post = model.get_post( int ( id ))
form = New.form()
form.fill(post)
return render.edit(post, form)
def POST( self , id ):
form = New.form()
post = model.get_post( int ( id ))
if not form.validates():
return render.edit(post, form)
model.update_post( int ( id ), form.d.title, form.d.content)
raise web.seeother( '/' )
#退出登录
class Logout:
def GET( self ):
web.setcookie( 'username' , '', expires = - 1 )
raise web.seeother( '/' )
#定义404错误显示内容
def notfound():
return web.notfound( "Sorry, the page you were looking for was not found." )
app.notfound = notfound
#运行
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
app.run()
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4、在主目录创建model.py,blog/model.py
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import web
import datetime
#数据库连接
db = web.database(dbn = 'MySQL' , db = 'test' , user = 'root' , pw = '123456' )
#获取所有文章
def get_posts():
return db.select( 'entries' , order = 'id DESC' )
#获取文章内容
def get_post( id ):
try :
return db.select( 'entries' , where = 'id=$id' , vars = locals ())[ 0 ]
except IndexError:
return None
#新建文章
def new_post(title, text):
db.insert( 'entries' ,
title = title,
content = text,
posted_on = datetime.datetime.utcnow())
#删除文章
def del_post( id ):
db.delete( 'entries' , where = 'id = $id' , vars = locals ())
#修改文章
def update_post( id , title, text):
db.update( 'entries' ,
where = 'id = $id' ,
vars = locals (),
title = title,
content = text)
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5、在模板目录依次创建:base.html、edit.html、index.html、new.html、view.html
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<! - - base.html - - >
$ def with (page)
<html>
<head>
<title>My Blog< / title>
<mce:style><! - -
#menu {
width: 200px ;
float : right;
}
- - >< / mce:style><style mce_bogus = "1" > #menu {
width: 200px ;
float : right;
}
< / style>
< / head>
<body>
<ul id = "menu" >
<li><a href = "/" mce_href = "">Home< / a>< / li>
$ if cookie().get( 'username' ):
<li><a href = "/new" mce_href = "new" >New Post< / a>< / li>
< / ul>
$:page
< / body>
< / html>
<! - - edit.html - - >
$ def with (post, form)
<h1>Edit $form.d.title< / h1>
<form action = " " method=" post">
$:form.render()
< / form>
<h2>Delete post< / h2>
<form action = "/delete/$post.id" method = "post" >
< input type = "submit" value = "Delete post" / >
< / form>
<! - - index.html - - >
$ def with (posts, login_form)
<h1>Blog posts< / h1>
$ if not cookie().get( 'username' ):
<form action = " " method=" post">
$:login_form.render()
< / form>
$ else :
Welcome $cookie().get( 'username' )!<a href = "/logout" mce_href = "logout" >Logout< / a>
<ul>
$ for post in posts:
<li>
<a href = "/view/$post.id" mce_href = "view/$post.id" >$post.title< / a>
on $post.posted_on
$ if cookie().get( 'username' ):
<a href = "/edit/$post.id" mce_href = "edit/$post.id" >Edit< / a>
<a href = "/delete/$post.id" mce_href = "delete/$post.id" >Del< / a>
< / li>
< / ul>
<! - - new.html - - >
$ def with (form)
<h1>New Blog Post< / h1>
<form action = " " method=" post">
$:form.render()
< / form>
<! - - view.html - - >
$ def with (post)
<h1>$post.title< / h1>
$post.posted_on<br / >
$post.content
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6、进入主目录在命令行下运行:python blog.py,将启动web服务,在浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080/,简易博客即已完成。